METHODICAL INSTRUCTION TO PRACTICAL CLASSES FOR STUDENTS NURSING FACULTY
LESSON № 14 (practical classes – 7 hours)
Theme:
DRUGS AFFECTING SYSTEM AND NUTRITION.
Aim: To memorize the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effect of differ agents influencing on gastrointestinal tract, their clinical usage and complications.
Professional motivation for students:
Many drugs have applications in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. The treatment of II disease have been profoundly modified by recent development of medicine. Therapeutically, the H2 antihistamine preparations, with their potent antacid effects, have changed the management of peptic ulcer disease. The discovery of the role of Campylobacter pylori in bolvee disease has led to advances in its treatment. hepatic and biliary disorders need specific therapy, such as hepatoprotectors, bile drugs, enzyme agents etc.
1. Objectives for students independent study program
You should prepare for the practical class using the existing textbooks and lectures.
Special attention should be paid to the following :
1. Mechanism of stimulative activity of sitters on appetite and bowel secretion. Uses of bitters.
2. Agent that can stimulate appetite (anorexogenic drugs), mechanism of action, use, side effects, contraindication.
3. Principle action, pharmacodymic and usage of agents that reduce gastric secretion.
4. Comparative characteristic and usage of antacids.
5. Agents of substitute therapy of gastric secretion insufficient.
6. Agents increasing gastric secretion.
7. Principles of combine usage of different drugs for gastritis, ulser diseas management.
8. Drugs’ characteristics that used for reduced pacreatic secretion treatment.
9. Characteristic, mechanism of action and usage of agent stimulate bale run out (cholikinetics).
10. Pharmacodynamic mechanism of action, use and toxicity of cholagogue drugs, stumulatig the producing of bile.
11. Agent influencing on intestinal motility.
12. Vomiting and antiemetic remedies, mechanism of action, usage, side effects, contraindication.
13. Classification of laxative preparations mechanism of their action, use, contraindications.
2. Tests and assignment for self assessment
Choose the correct answer/statement:
1) Which of the following substances has its major activity as a saline cathartic?
A. Sidium bicarbonate
B. Aluminium hydroxide
C. Magnesium sulfate
D. Calcium carbonate
E. All of above
2) In general, mechanisms of laxation include
A. adding bulk to the stool
B. increasing peristaltic activity
C. emulsifuing aqenons and fatty substances with stool
D. lubricating the passage of stool
E. all of the above
3) Drug which exerts anti-peptic effects through histamine-2 receptor antagonism:
A. Denol
B. Ranitidine
C. Ameprasole
D. Aluminium hydroxide
E. All of above
4) Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol), as an adsorbent, has which of the following mechanisms of action?
A. Decreased GI motility
B. Decreased gastric secretions
C. Increased fluid absorption
D. Binding to diarrhea-causing bacteria for excretion
E. All of above
5) Side effects of loperamide (Imodium) include all of the following except:
A. Diarrhea
B. Epigastric pain
C. Dry mouth
D. Anorexia
E. Constipation
6) Real-life situation to be solved .
For treatment of heartburn patient regulary used some powder. After a week of drug using bomiting, nausea, abdomen pain, bnuscular fibrilation, shallow and slow breathing. Biochemically examination show alkalosis. What drug used patient?
3. Answer to the self – assessment:
1. – C; 2. – E; 3. – B; 4. – D; 5. – A
6. Natrii hydrocarbonas
4. References:
A
1. Mosby’s Pharmacology in Nursing. – 1995. – Ed. IV. – P. 793-848.
2. K. Y. Katzung. Basic and Clinical Pharmacology.-1984.-Ed. IV. – P. 773-780.
B
3. Ama drug evaluations- 1980.- Ed.V. -P. 601- 622.
4. J. Ackley Nursing Diagnosis Handbook: A Guide to Planning Care. – 1993. –P. 309-310.
5. Students’ Practical Activities:
-900–1200 practical classes – 7 hours
Answer the following questions:
1. Why billers are prescribed 15-20 minutes before meal?
2. Why anorexogenic agents are prescribed in the morning?
3. What kinds of antacids do you know?
4. What inhibitor of proteolitic enzymes are used for acute pancreatitis treatment?
5. What are the contraindications for chologogue prescribing?
6. What drugs are used for bavel atonia management?
7. What neuroleptic has antiemetic action?
8. What saline cathartic aren’t priscribe for chronic constipation treatment
Task:
1. Write out a property to pharmacological drug group, therapeutic usage of such drug: “Allocholum”, Magnesii sulfas, Aethaperazinum, Proserinum, Oleum Ricini, Nospanum, Atropini sulfas.
2. Choose the correct statement
1) Antacid, having a relativelly non-systemic effect include.
1. aluminium hudroxide
2. sodium bicarbonate
3. calcium carbonate
4. all of the above
5. 1 and 3
2) In esophagitis, elevation of the head of the bed, abstinence from athanol and tabacco, a sinall frequent meal are all useful adjunctive therapeutic measures. Other useful therapy may include all of the following EXEPT;
1. Omeprazole
2. Metoclopamide
3. Aluminium hydroxide
4. Cimetidine
5. Amitriptyline
3) Real-Life situation.
Patient suffers from choledocholithiasis uset infusion of stigmata ulaydis (chologogue agent) every day. Soon, dull abdominae pain occurs and yellow skin tint appears. What is the reason of this state?
6. Seminar discusses of the theoretical questions and practical work:
– 1145-1315 practical classes – 5 hours
7. Basic level: for learning this theme students have to review anatomical and physiological peculiarities of gastro-intestinal tract (departments of normal anatomy and normal physiology), pathogenesis and main symptomy of gastrointestinal diseases (departments of pathologic physiology and therapy).
8. Student must know:
Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic effects, uses and contraindications of different groups of drugs used for treatment of gastrointestinal diseases.
1. Mechanism of stimulative activity of sitters on appetite and bowel secretion. Uses of bitters.
2. Agent that can stimulate appetite (anorexogenic drugs), mechanism of action, use, side effects, contraindication.
3. Principle action, pharmacodymic and usage of agents that reduce gastric secretion.
4. Comparative characteristic and usage of antacids.
5. Agents of substitute therapy of gastric secretion insufficient.
6. Agents increasing gastric secretion.
7. Principles of combine usage of different drugs for gastritis, ulser diseas management.
8. Drugs’ characteristics that used for reduced pacreatic secretion treatment.
9. Characteristic, mechanism of action and usage of agent stimulate bale run out (cholikinetics).
10. Pharmacodynamic mechanism of action, use and toxicity of cholagogue drugs, stumulatig the producing of bile.
11. Agent influencing on intestinal motility.
12. Vomiting and antiemetic remedies, mechanism of action, usage, side effects, contraindication.
13. Classification of laxative preparations mechanism of their action, use, contraindications.
9. Students should be able to: make a choice of drugs used for manangement of gastrointestinal diseases in real life situation.
Prepared by teacher of Pharmacology
Prepared by Teacher of Pharmacology department Oksana Pinkevych
Discussed and adopted at chair-sitting of Pharmacology department
with Clinical pharmacology
04 January 2011, minute № 7
Readopted at chair-sitting of Pharmacology department
with Clinical pharmacology
___ __________200__, minute № __
