Methodological Instruction
for practical exercises for students of Faculty of Dentistry
4 year (child dental surgery)
Lessoumber 1 (6 hours)
Professional orientation of students: knowledge of anatomical and physiological characteristics of the development and structure of tissues and organs SCHLD children will efficiently carry out the method of anesthesia avoiding complications.
Topic 1. Anatomical and physiological characteristics of the development and structure of tissues and organs SCHLD in children. Pain in SCHLD surgery in children in ambulatory and hospital.
Objective: To study the main stages of development of tissues and organs SCHLD the children learn technique of anesthesia for surgical procedures in children in out-patient and in-patient, indications and contraindications for choosing the method of anesthesia.
Objective: to learn and master the technique of conduction anesthesia in children of all ages.
Questions to the topic number 1:
1. Anatomical and physiological characteristics of the development and structure of tissues and organs SCHLD in children.
2. Classification of local anesthesia used in children. 3. Application pain treatment methods.
4. Infiltration anesthesia.
5. Indications for the use of infiltration anesthesia.
6. Pleksual anesthesia.
7. Complications during infiltration anesthesia
8. Advantages and disadvantages of infiltration anesthesia.
9. Conduction anesthesia.
10. Principles of conduction anesthesia in children:
11. Technique of anesthesia.
12. Peripheral conduction anesthesia for upper jaw.
13. Peripheral conduction anesthesia for the lower jaw.
14. Central conduction anesthesia.
Literature:
A – Basic:
1. http://217.196.164.19/data/kafedra/internal/stomat_ter_dit/classes_stud.htm
2. S. M. Balaji Textbook of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery“- Elsevier
3. Neelima Anil Malik, Dr. Textbook Of Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery (full Colour) Jaypee Brothers Publishers, 2008 ISNB 8184481578, 9788184481570
B – Additional:
1. Persyn L.S Dental Age children’s
Practical work (9:00-12:00 pm)
Work 1. Methods of conduction anesthesia.
Venue: Hall Clinical Department of Pediatric Dentistry.
Object: the patient with pathology of dental hard tissues in the absence of the patient’s view of thematic film.
Means per group:
• Dental Unit.
• Chair physician.
• Table physician.
Means per student:
Installation dental-1
chair for patient 1,
chair for doctor-1
medical table 1,
set of survey instruments
PPE,
tip turbine-1
tip mechanical angular-1
forests to sterile tips in the range,
syringe -1
anesthetic-1.
Objectives for the student: to conduction anesthesia.
Time spent at work (manipulations) one student -10 min.
Method of execution: one of the most modern methods of injection of local anesthesia in dental surgery and maxillofacial surgery is the conductor. The essence of conduction anesthesia is that the anesthetic solution irrigates not the sensitive nerves, as in the case of infiltration anesthesia and nerve trunk or its branches away from the place where the surgery will be done.
Principles of conduction anesthesia in children:
v conduction anesthesia is used only in children IV-V age groups (6-12 and 12-15 years) during removal of permanent teeth in the upper jaw temporary and permanent teeth – the lower jaw and other surgeries.
Central conduction anesthesia for children is conducted only in some cases.
In line with the growth jaw
change the location of target points is the following laws the upper jaw: infraorbital hole “falls” from the bottom edge of the infraorbital child’s age: 6 to 12 years – for 1-
v exit point rear upper cellular branches in the hill region of the upper jaw also tend to shift and settle down in children older closer to the alveolar region;
incisive hole acquires a tendency to move backward from cell local process through the central incisors;
location of large palatal hole varies slightly in the direction of the limit hard and soft palate, opening with age “rises” and temporal bite from the first to the second molar, and in independently it is located between the premolars .
Children IV age group (6-12 years) during peripheral regional anesthesia should not be included in the channel, but rather introduce anesthetic solutioear their holes
Technology anesthesia
General provisions for the implementation of regional anesthesia:
1. It is necessary to know exactly the spot and destination point for each type of anesthesia.
2. Choosing a method and way of conduction anesthesia should be given pet ages that which provides minimum needle movement on bone and muscle. At avoid it when possible, when driving on the bone cut at the tip of the needle should be positioned to the bone and along it, and anesthetic solution should be given to the in movement of the needle.
3. During anesthesia of the needles (0.5 –
4. Anesthetic solution should be close enough to the target local points that provide rapid onset of anesthesia.
5. Anesthetic solution should introduce slowly to prevent excessive compression of the mucous tissues.
References:
1. http://217.196.164.19/data/kafedra/internal/stomat_ter_dit/classes_stud.htm
2. S. M. Balaji Textbook of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery“- Elsevier
3. Neelima Anil Malik, Dr. Textbook Of Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery (full Colour) Jaypee Brothers Publishers, 2008 ISNB 8184481578, 9788184481570
4. Seminar discussion of theoretical issues and practical work:
(12.30-14.00 hours):
Issues for discussion:
1. Application anesthesia
2. Infiltration anesthesia
3. Conduction anesthesia
4. Complications arising during anesthesia
Control of knowledge and skills tested by solving situational problems for each topic, answers to tests like “Step” constructive questions, etc. (14.15 – 15.00 hrs.).
6.Student should know:
1. Anatomy – physiological characteristics of SCHLD in children.
2. Principles of conduction anesthesia in children
3. Indications for the use of infiltration anesthesia
7. The student should be able to:
1. Perform application of anesthesia.
2. Perform infiltration anesthesia.
3. Hold conduction anesthesia.
Methodical instruction was: ass. Bandrivsky Y. L.
Discussed and approved at a meeting of
2013 Minutes № 5
Reviewed and approved at a meeting of
2013 Minutes № 5
