Form № Н – 3.04

SHEI “I.YA. HORBACHEVSKY TERNOPIL STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY MPH OF UKRAINE”

 

Department of Pharmacognosy with a Pharmaceutical Botany

 

«CONFIRMED»

The First Vice Rector  

Ihor R. Mysula, M.D., Ph.D

 

                «      »                    20____         

 

 

Syllabus on

 

Pharmaceutical Botany

(code and name of discipline)

 

Training course                              1202 Pharmacy

(code and name of the field of study)

 

Specialty                                      7.12020101 “Pharmacy”

                                                         (code and name of specialty)

 

Faculty                                          Pharmaceutical

     (name of institution, faculty, department)

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

2013 – 2014 academic year

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ternopil – 2013

Syllabus on the Pharmaceutical Botany for students

                                                        (name of discipline)

of training course 1202 Pharmacy, Specialty 7.12020101 “Pharmacy”

 

 

The instructor: PhD, associate prof. of the Department of Pharmacognosy with a Pharmaceutical Botany M.I. Shanayda

 

The syllabus was discussed at the Department of Pharmacognosy with a Pharmaceutical Botany sitting                                                                 

 

 

Minute  “____”________________20____  year № ___

 

The Head of the Department

____________________   (S.M.Marchyshyn.)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  

 

 

Ó__________, 2013 year

Ó _________, 2014 year

Explanatory note and structure of the Pharmaceutical Botany

 

Note:

Ratio between auditorium hour’s and students’ individual work is (%):

For full-time education  43,6:56,4.

1. Aim and objectives of the discipline

Aim: The main biological features of living organisms. Forms of alive mater. Common origin and distinctions of plants and animals. The role of plants iature and in the life of people. Importance of botany for pharmacy and medicine. The most outstanding botanists of Ukraine and other countries.

 

Ultimate aim of the Pharmaceutical Botany course:

• Generate students’ knowledge of the theoretical foundations of Botany,

• Achieve an understanding of the structure, composition and function of plant cells, tissues, organs and organisms in general,

• Learn about the theoretical foundations of the structure, classification, taxonomy , ecology and geography of medicinal plants and fungi, their value and use in medicine, pharmacy and more,

• To master the methods and procedures for macro- and microscopic analysis of plant organs,

• Use knowledge of morphology, anatomy, ecology, medicinal plants in specific situations,

• Demonstrate the ability to make on the basis of macro- and microscopic features of plant facilities conclusions regarding their diagnostic features , age, life forms, membership of the body, such as the structure, characteristics of environmental living conditions and so on,

• To provide the ability to define and describe the morphological and anatomical features of some medicinal plants as medicinal plants .
( they need to know the progress of the anatomo-histochemical reactions).

The final goal of learning of the discipline “Pharmaceutical Botany” consists in the fact that students in their future careers.

Student should know:

ü  Biological of the structure and development of the plants,

ü  A variety of morphological and anatomical structure of vegetative and generative organs of plants,

ü  The main groups of medicinal plants continue to be explored in the course of Pharmacognosy,

ü  Diagnostic features that are used in determining the medicinal plants,

ü  Basics sustainable use of medicinal plants flora of Ukraine and the protection of natural resources.

Student should be able to:

ü  Identify by analyzing the morphological features of plants anatomfichnyh their affiliation to the appropriate department, class, family, or some environmental groups,

ü  To recognize the main types of herbs mentioned in the colloquium, on the set of diagnostic features: the descriptio , drawings herbarium models, live and dry samples,

ü  Explain the particular application studied herbs in medical practice.

 

2. The curriculum structure of the discipline

Module 1. Anatomy and morphology of vegetative organs of plants

Content module 1. Structural, functional and chemical characteristics of plant cells and their features that have diagnostic value.

            Plant cell. Cytology and its assignments. Cell Theory. Size and structure of cells. Differences and similarities between plant and animal cells. Diversity of plant cells. The main components of a plant cell.

Theme 1. Botanical microtehnique. Microscopic structure of vegetable cell. Diversity of plant cells. The main components of a plant cell. Types of plastids and composition of plant’s cell sap.

Theme 2. Storage and waste products of a plant cell. Primary and secondary cell wall.

Content module 2. Structural and functional properties of plant tissues and their features that have diagnostic value.

Specific objectives:

            Plant tissues. Histology and its assignments. Definition of a tissue. Classification of tissues according to their origin and functions. Morphological and physiological characteristics of main groups of tissues: meristematic, dermal, secretory, support, vascular, ground, and storage. Complex tissues – xylem and phloem. Vascular bundles. Morphological and physiological characteristics of main groups of tissues: meristematic, dermal, secretory, ground and storage

Theme 3. Definition of a tissue. Classification of tissues according to their origin and functions. Morphological and physiological characteristics of main groups of tissues: meristematic, dermal, secretory, ground and storage

Theme 4. Morphological and physiological characteristics of mechanical and vascular tissues of plants. Complex tissues of plants – xylem and phloem. Vascular bundles.

Content module 3. Morphological and anatomical structure and function of the vegetative organs of plants and their taxonomic and diagnostic features.

Specific objectives:

            Definition of vegetative organs. Application of vegetative organ morphology in macroscopic analysis of plant raw material. Anatomical and morphological structure and functions of vegetative organs. Communication and interaction of cells and tissues in a plant organism. Shoot and root – the main vegetative organs of a plant, their functions, general determinations, and distinctions. Anatomical characteristics of stem as an axis part of a shoot: process of its formation and development, zones of shoot apex. Primary and secondary structure. Distinctions in grassy monocot and dicot stems structure. The features of conifers and angiosperms stem structure. Anatomical peculiarities, which help to determine a stem as an axis organ, life forms of a plant, division, class, and family. Peculiarities that help to describe and determine a plant object. Anatomical characteristics of underground codifications of a shoot – rhizome, tube, and corn. Structural and functional peculiarities of a leaf. Development of a leaf, a leaf blade and a petiole. Anatomical characteristics applied in systematic and microscopical analysis of plant raw

Theme 5. Morphology of vegetative organs of floral plants. Root and its its modifications. Morphology of sheet sprout . Above-ground and underground modifications of escape sprout are Morphology of sheet

Theme 6. Anatomical structure of vegetative plants organs Primary and second secondary anatomic structure of root. Anatomical structure of stems and rhizomes of Monocotyledones plants.

Theme 7. Anatomical structure of stems and rhizomes of Dicotyledones plants. Anatomical structure of leaves.

Final control .

Module 2

Morphology of reproductive organs of plants. The basics of taxonomy,

 plant ecology,  phytocenology and geobotany

Content module 4. Structure and function of the generative organs of plants and their taxonomic and diagnostic features. Reproduction of plants and fungi.

Specific objectives:

Generative organs of plants. Definition of reproductive organs. Evolution of reproductive organs. Flower: determination as a reproductive organ. Parts of flower, their functions and morphological characteristics. Bisexual and unisexual flowers. Their formula and diagrams. Pollination. Double fertilization. Development of seed and fruit formation. Inflorescence as specialized reproductive shoot. Classification of inflorescences. Fruit: рarts of fruit, their origins. Biological and practical significance of fruits. Their classification. Morphological characteristics of fruits applied in macroscopic analysis of plants and plant raw materials Seed: Structure and characteristic features of gymnosperms, monocot and dicot seeds. Classification of seeds. Biological and practical significance of seeds.

Theme 8. Morphology of reproductive organs of floral plants: flower and inflorescence. Morphology and classification of fruits and seeds.

Content module 5. Review of some families of flowering plants and medicinal of Dicot and Monocot classes. Fundamentals of plant ecology, phytocenology and geobotany

Specific objectives:

Designation of classification (taxonomy) as biological science. Objects, tasks, and methods of botanical classification. Binomial system Families of Ranunculaceae, Papaveraceae, Polygonaceae, Brassicaceae, Ericaceae, Rosaceae, Fabaceae, Apiaceae, Rhamnaceae.

Theme 9. Taxonomy of plants. Dicotyledonous Class (Families of Ranunculaceae, Papaveraceae, Polygonaceae): general description of families, morphological description and determination of species

Theme 10. Brassicaceae, Ericaceae Families: general description of families, morphological description and determination of species

Theme 11. Rosaceae, Fabaceae Families: general description of families, morphological description and determination of species

Theme 12. Apiaceae, Rhamnaceae, Caprifoliaceae Families: general description of families, morphological description and determination of species

Content module 6. Overview lower phototrophic, fungi, some departments and families of higher plants and their medical representatives.

Specific objectives:

Groups of Dicots and Monocots: Families of Solanaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Lamiaceae, Asteraceae, Liliaceae, Poaceae.

Algae: general characteristics: cell structure, body tructure, nutrition, significance, application, and ecology. Classification of algae. Typical representatives of division.

Fungi: general characteristics: cell structure, body structure, nutrition, significance, application and ecology. Classification of fungi. Lichens: General characteristics: cell structure, body structure, nutrition, and significance. Human and ecological relevance of Lichens.

Higher sporous plant: development of progressive features. Alternation of generations. Classification of vascular and nonvascular plants. Characteristic features and typical representatives of Bryophyta, Lycophyta, Sphenophyta (horsetails), Pterophyta (ferns) divisions. Significance, application, and ecology.

 Seed plants: Progressive features in the structure of vegetative body. Seed a a new formation in the process of evolution. Division of gymnosperm: General characteristics of the division. Process of fertilization. Characteristic features and typical representatives of the class Pinopsida.

Theme 13. Solanaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Lamiaceae Families: general description of families, morphological description and determination of species

Theme 14. Asteraceae Family and Monocotyledones Class (Families of Alliaceae, Convallariaceae, Poaceae) and their representatives.

Theme 15. Water-plants as group of lower plants. Higher spore plants. Department Gymnospermae: description of basic classes, representatives. A kingdom of Fungi, a division of Lichenes.

Final control.

MODULE 3

 

3. Structure and content of the discipline.

 

 

 

4. Thematic plan of lectures

 

 

5. Thematic plan of Seminars classes – not provided

 

6. Thematic plan of Practical Classes

 

 

 7. Thematic plan of Laboratory classes – not provided

 

8. Students’ individual work

 

 

9. Individual tasks – not provided

 

10. Teaching Methods

 According to sources of knowledge, the following teaching methods: word: narration, explanation, lecture, briefing, and visual:  demonstration, illustration, practical:  practical work, tasks.

According to characters of the logic of knowledge, the following methods: analysis, synthetic, analytical-synthetic, inductive, deductive.

In terms of individual mental activity used methods: problematic, partly retrieval, research.

                                                     

11. Methods of control

Forms Control and Evaluation

In assessing students’ knowledge is given preference standardized methods of control: test (oral, written, computer), structured written work, structured monitoring of practical skills.

Evaluation, discipline is defined as the average of the scores of two modules that are structured discipline.

Assessment for the module is defined as a sum of the current training and assessment of the final module control and expressed per 200-point system.

Forms of control

The current control is performed on each class to suit specific purposes topic. All workshops used objective monitoring of theoretical training and learning practical skills.

Forms of the current control:

Theoretical knowledge: the tests, the computer tests, individual surveys, interviews, botanical dictation, written work.

Practical skills and abilities:  individual work of tests and the ability interpretation of resultswriting of scientific names of plants. Test control is based on theoretical knowledge, practical skills and abilities.

Final control of the module takes place at the end of study unit relevant content modules on a test and is considered passed if the student scored at least 50 points.

Forms of final control:

Theoretical knowledge: a system for writing and computer testing.

Practical skills and abilities: bring their own set of diagnostic features for ownership of the plants to certain taxonomic groups. 

 

12. Distribution points that students receive

The maximum number of points assigned to students in mastering the module (test credits) – 200, including the current educational activity – 120 points, the results of final module control – 80 points.

Evaluation of current training activities:

Student at each stage of practical sessions (practical part, seminar discussions, tests) assigned rating for the 12- point scale. The students are evaluated according the average of the three marks. The evaluation results are written in the class register.

In the practical part of each phase of the assigned rating as follows:

1. At the beginning of the practical part, students must commit to carrying out practical work (they have to know the process of the (they need to know the progress of the anatomo-histochemical reactions). During this stage the student has a maximum 2 points.

 2. By doing practical work which monitors the teacher and the end of it assesses the results. Student can get maximum 4 points for this type work.

3. Pass of practical work. At this stage, the student has a maximum of 6 points.

The evaluation results of all student are written in the class register at the end of the practical class.

Distribution points that are awarded to students

 

Distribution points that are awarded to students

 

Minimum evaluation is considered to be passed if the student gets not less than 4 points to pass final control module.

The maximum amount that can be collected by a student during a module is 120 points.

 

Final module evaluation control:

Modular control is evaluation at the end of the module . Final control pass this students whose complete all work stipulated curriculum, and the final module evaluation is considered to be passed if the student gets not less than the minimum.

The form of the final evaluation should wake standardized and include control of theoretical and practical training. Specific forms of control of Botany are determined in the work study program.

The maximum amount of the final control points is 80.

The final module control is passed if the student scored at least 50 points.

Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Botany exposed only to students who have completed all modules in the discipline.

The amount points that a student comes into the discipline, is defined as the average number of points of the modules discipline and final control of the number of modules 1 and 2.

Objectivity of assessment of learning activities students must be checked by statistical methods (correlation coefficient between the current progress and results of the final module control).

Conversion of scores in the assessment of organic chemistry on a scale ECTS and 4- points (traditional)

The number of points in the discipline, which is credited to the students converted to ECTS scale as follows:

 

The unified evaluative scale for the students

Percentage of students is determined on the sample of students of the course within the relevant specialty.

The amount points in the discipline, which is credited of students converted to 4-point scale as follows:

 

Evaluation of discipline FX and F («2») is assigned when student is not passed one of module of discipline.

Evaluation FX (« 2») is assigned students which score a minimum amount points for the current academic activities, but did not pass the final module control. They have the repass the final module control, not more than twice from the winter holidays and during two (additional) weeks after the end of the spring semester schedule confirmed by the Rector.

Students whose evaluation is F after completed study courses (not completed the training program one of modules, or not yet in the current learning activity module minimum amount points) must undergo re-training for individual curriculum.

 

Evaluative scale: national and ЕCTS

 

13. Methodological Support

1.    Materials preparation for lectures.

2.    Presentation of lectures.

3.    Materials preparation for practical classes

4.    Methodical instructions for practical classes.

5.    Options for students’ individual work and individual tasks of students.

6.    Tests for the final test testing.

7.    Tests for daily control.

8.    Variations of theoretical questions for self-study.

 

14.  References:

Main:

1) Pharmaceutical  Botany: textbook / T.M.Gontova, A.H.Serbin, S.M.Marchyshyn et. al.; edited by T.M.Gontova. – Ternopil:  TSMU, 2013. – 380 p.

2) Pharmaceutical  Botany. Laboratory handbook (for students of “pharmacy“ specialty) / S.M. Marchyshyn, M.I. Shanayda, I.Z. Kernychna. – Ternopil: TSMU, 2013. – 104 p.

3) Anatomy of plant сells, tissues, organs and their morphology /  Methodical instructions for laboratory works in botany  for students of pharmaceutical department – R. Gulko,  O. Baran. – Lviv, 2005 – 122 p.

Additional:

1) Kindsley R. Stern. Introductory plant biology. – Dubuque, Ajowa, Melburne and Australia, Oxford, England: Wm.C.Brown Publishers, 1994.

2) Hegnauer R. Chemotaxonomie der Phlansen. Band. 1-2.  – Birkhhauser, Stuttgart, 1966.

3) Botany: an introduction to plant biology / T. Elliot Weier, C. Ralph Stocking, M. G. Barbour. – University of Calofornia, 1974. – 693 p.

4) Register of the training-field practice on Medical Botany for the students of pharmaceutical specialties’ / Shanayda M.I., Kernychna I.Z. – Ternopil, 2010. – 20 p.

5) Esau’s Plant Anatomy / Ray F.Evert. – Willey, 2006. – 601 p.

6) Botany for degree students / A.C.Gutta, T.C.Gutta // Oxdord u. press.  – 6-th edition – 2008. – 708 p.

7) Gulko R. Explanatory Dictionary of Medicinal Botany / R. Gulko. – L’viv: LSMU, 2003. – 200 p.

8) Randy Moore, W.D. Clark, Kingsley R.Stern, Darell Vodopich.  Botany.– Toronto: WCB, 1995. – 824 р.

9) Podlech D. Herbs and healing plants of Britain and Europe / Transl. from Germany and adapt. by M. Walters. – London: Harper Collins Publishers, 1996. – 255

 

15. Information Resources

1 http://intranet.tdmu.edu.ua/data/kafedra/internal/index.php?&path=pharma_1/metod_rozrobky/en/pharm/prov_pharm/ptn/Pharmaceutical%20botany/2-d%20course/

2. http://intranet.tdmu.edu.ua/data/kafedra/internal/index.php?&path=pharma_1/presentations/en/pharm/prov_pharm/ptn/Pharm_botany/2%20course/

3. http://intranet.tdmu.edu.ua/data/kafedra/internal/index.php?&path=pharma_1/lectures_stud/en/pharm/prov_pharm/ptn/Pharmaceutical%20botany/2-d%20course/

4. http://intranet.tdmu.edu.ua/data/kafedra/internal/index.php?&path=pharma_1/classes_stud/en/pharm/prov_pharm/ptn/Pharmaceutical%20botany/2-d%20course/