Subject: Introduction. Ukrainian Alphabet. Histoty of Ukrainian language.

Ukrainian українська мова ukrayins'ka mova
Spoken in:	Ukraine, Russia, Brazil, Kazakhstan, Canada, United States, Moldova, Hungary, Belarus, Poland, Portugal, Argentina, Paraguay
Total speakers:	39.4 million
Ranking:	26
Language family:	Indo-European Balto-Slavic Slavic East Slavic Ukrainian
Official status
Official language of:	Ukraine, Transnistria (unrecognized state of Moldova), Vojvodina (Serbia, Pannonian Rusyn considered by some to be a dialect of Ukrainian)
Regulated by:	National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Language codes
ISO 639-1:	uk
ISO 639-2:	ukr
ISO 639-3:	ukr
Ukrainian-speaking world

Ukrainian (украї́нська мо́ва, ukrayins'ka mova, [ukraˈjinʲsʲka ˈmɔʋa]) is a language of the East Slavic subgroup of the Slavic languages. It is the official state language of Ukraine. The written Ukrainian uses a Cyrillic alphabet. The language shares some vocabulary with the languages of the neighboring Slavic nations, most notably with Belarusian, Polish, Russian and Slovak.

The Ukrainian language traces its origins to the Old East Slavic language of the medieval state of Kievan Rus'. Called at its earlier stages as Ruthenian, Little Russian, the Ukrainian, along with other East Slavic languages, is a lineal descendant of the colloquial language used in Kievan Rus' (10th–13th century).

The language has persisted despite several periods of bans and/or discouragement throughout centuries as it has always nevertheless maintained a sufficient base among the people of Ukraine, its folklore songs, itinerant musicians, and prominent authors

Dialects of Ukrainian

• Northern (Polissian) dialects [9]:
• Eastern Polissian is spoken in Chernihiv (excluding the southeastern districts), in the northern part of Sumy, and in the southeastern portion of the Kiev Oblast as well as in the adjacent areas of Russia, which include the southwestern part of the Bryansk Oblast (the area around Starodub), as well as in some places in the Kursk, Voronezh and Belgorod Oblasts. [10]. No linguistic border can be defined. The vocabulary approaches Russian as the language approaches the Russian Federation. Both Ukrainian and Russian grammar sets can be applied to this dialect. Thus, this dialect can be considered a transitional dialect between Ukrainian and Russian. [11].
• Central Polissian is spoken in the northwestern part of the Kiev Oblast, in the northern part of Zhytomyr and the northeastern part of the Rivne Oblast [12].
• West Polissian is spoken in the northern part of the Volyn Oblast, the northwestern part of the Rivne Oblast as well as in the adjacent districts of the Brest Voblast in Belarus. The dialect spoken in Belarus uses Belarusian grammar, and thus is considered by some to be a dialect of Belarusian. [13]
• Southeastern dialects [14]:
• Middle Dnieprian is the basis of the Standard Literary Ukrainian. It is spoken in the central part of Ukraine, primarily in the southern and eastern part of the Kiev Oblast). In addition, the dialects spoken in Cherkasy, Poltava and Kiev regions are considered to be close to "standard" Ukrainian.
• Slobodan dialect is spoken in Kharkiv, Sumy, Luhansk, and the northern part of Donetsk, as well as in the Voronezh and Belgorod regions of Russia. [15]. This dialect is formed from a gradual mixture of Russian and Ukrainian, with progressively more Russian in the northern and eastern parts of the region. Thus, there is no linguistic border between Russian and Ukrainian, and, thus, both grammar sets can be applied. This dialect is a transistional dialect between Ukrainian and Russian.[16]
• Steppe dialect is spoken in southern and southeastern Ukraine. This dialect was originally the main language of the Zaporozhian Cossacks. [17].
• Kuban (known locally as Balachka) is spoken in the Kuban region of Russia, by the Kuban Cossacks, descendants of the original Zaporozhian host, which had migrated here. This dialect features a predominant Russian vocabulary and grammar. It varies greatly from one area to another. [18]
• Southwestern dialects [19]:
• Podillian is spoken in the southern parts of the Vinnytsia and Khmelnytskyi Oblasts, in the northern part of the Odessa Oblast, and in the adjacent districts of the Cherkasy Oblast, the Kirovohrad Oblast and the Mykolaiv Oblast. [20]
• Volynian is spoken in Rivne and Volyn, as well as in parts of Zhytomyr and Ternopil. It is also used in Chelm in Poland.
• Pokuttia (Bukovynian) is spoken in the Chernivtsi Oblast of Ukraine. This dialect has some distinct volcabulary borrowed from Romanian.
• Upper Dniestrian is considered to be the main Galician dialect, spoken in the Lviv, Ternopil and Ivano-Frankivsk Oblasts. Its distinguishing characteristics are the influence of Polish and the German vocabulary, which is reminiscent of the Austro-Hungarian rule. Some of the distinct words used in this dialect can be found here [21]
• Upper Sannian is spoken in the border area between Ukraine and Poland in the San river valley.

• The Rusyn language is considered by Ukrainian linguists to be a dialect of Ukrainian:
• Hutsul is spoken in the extreme southern parts of the Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast (as well as in parts of the Chernivtsi and Transcarpathian Oblasts, and on the northern slopes of the Carpathian Mountains.
• Boyko is spoken on the northern side of the Carpathian Mountains in the Lviv and Ivano-Frankivsk Oblasts. It can also be heard across the border in the Subcarpathian Voivodship of Poland
• Lemko is spoken outside Ukraine in the Prešov Region of Slovakia along the southern side of the Carpathian Mountains.
• Dolinian Rusyn or Subcarpathian Rusyn is spoken in the Transcarpathian Oblast.
• Pryashiv Rusyn is the Rusyn spoken in the Prešov (in Ukrainian: Pryashiv) region of Slovakia, as well as by some émigré communities, primarily in the United States of America.
• Bačka Rusyn is spoken in northwestern Serbia and eastern Croatia. Rusin language of the Bačka dialect is one of the official languages of the Serbian Autonomous Province of Vojvodina).

Ukrainian is also spoken by a large émigré population, particularly in Canada (see Canadian Ukrainian), United States and several countries of South America like Argentina and Brazil. The founders of this population primarily emigrated from Galicia, which used to be part of Austro-Hungary before World War I, and belonged to Poland between the World Wars. The language spoken by most of them is the Galician dialect of Ukrainian from the first half of the twentieth century. Compared with modern Ukrainian, the vocabulary of Ukrainians outside Ukraine reflects less influence of Russian, but often contains many loan words from the local language.

Ukrainophone population

Ukrainian is spoken by approximately 36,894,000 people in the world. Most of the countries where it is spoken are ex-USSR where many Ukrainians have migrated. Canada and the United States are also home to a large Ukrainian population. Broken up by country (to the nearest thousand):

1. Ukraine 31,058,000

2. Russia 4,363,000 (1,815,000 according to the 2002 census [22])

3. Kazakhstan 898,000

4. 1 United States 844,000

5. Brazil 760,000

6. Moldova 600,000

7. Belarus 291,000

8. Canada 175,000 (probably a low estimate; there are 1,071,060 Canadians of Ukrainian descent, 326,195 exclusively Ukrainian, according to StatsCanada [23] )

9. Uzbekistan 153,000

10. Poland 150,000

11. Kyrgyzstan 109,000

12. Argentina 120,000^{[citation needed]}

13. Latvia 78,000

14. Portugal 65,800

15. Romania 57,600

16. Slovakia 55,000

17. Georgia 52,000

18. Lithuania 45,000

19. Tajikistan 41,000

20. Turkmenistan 37,000

21. Australia 30,000

22. Azerbaijan 29,000

23. Paraguay 26,000

24. Estonia 21,000

25. Armenia 8,000

26. Hungary 4,900 (according to the 2001 census [24])

27. Serbia 3,000

Ukrainian is one of Slavonic languages (others include Polish, Russian, Bulgarian, Czech, etc.). It shares quite a few things with its closest neighbours, Byelorussian, Russian, and Polish, but it also has its own unique grammar rules, vocabulary, and usage.

As any other language, Ukrainian has its varieties and dialects that are spoken in different parts of the country. A most commonly recognized distinction is between the language of Western Ukraine (roughly west bank of the Dnipro river), which is a bit closer to Polish, and that of Eastern Ukraine (roughly east bank of the Dnipro) more influenced by Russian. Eastern Ukraine and southern peninsula Crimea also have a large percent of the Russian speaking population. Please note that the "linguistic" geographic line between the "East" and the "West" is much finer. These language differences have very deep historical roots. This paragraph should give you a general idea about Ukrainian language variations.

Another important difference is between "popular Ukrainian" and "standard Ukrainian." Language influences have played their roles here, too, but for our purposes it is important to know that "popular Ukrainian" significantly deviates from the standard norms described in grammar books and dictionaries and may in fact be a mixture of Russian and Ukrainian, or diluted with a good many Polish words. This is of course a natural process found in any language. "Standard Ukrainian," which is taught in this course, does not exclude colloquial forms, but generally adheres to language norms. In other words, you won't be taught belles letters Ukrainian, which would sound irrelevantly fine in everyday speech. You will find here lessons of "educated speech" that will be universally understood in Ukraine. The author of this course lives in Kyiv (the capital of Ukraine) and will try to teach you standard Ukrainian as defined by her environment and, of course, Ukrainian language rules.

Major differences of the Ukrainian language from English include:

• Cyrillic writing
• two forms of "you" address: formal and informal (German, French, Spanish, Russian and other languages also have that)
• absence of articles
• a relatively loose word order in sentences
• three genders of nouns (compare with German, which also has three genders)
• nouns change their endings (cases) depending on their functions in the sentence (compare with German (four cases) or Russian (six cases))
• besides grammatical tenses (present, past, future), forms of verbs express the idea of completed or progressive action.

Ukrainian has a Cyrillic alphabet almost identical to some other Slavonic languages (Russian, Bulgarian). Some of its letters look exactly like those of the Latin alphabet used in English; however, most of these are pronounced differently than in English and may in fact resemble other English sounds. For instance, letter "B" in Ukrainian represents a sound similar to the English "v". Other Ukrainian letters look quite different. There are 33 letters altogether.

The Ukrainian alphabet has 33 letters. As a rule, a letter denotes a sound, so, there will be as many sounds in a word as there are letters.

The Ukrainian graphic system uses the Cyrillic alphabet, as do other Slavic languages such as: Belarusian, Russian, Bulgarian, Macedonian and Serbian (the latter two have two graphic systems in use: Cyrillic and Latin).

А а	Б б	В в	Г г	Ґ ґ
Д д	Е е	Є є	Ж ж	З з
И и	І і	Ї ї	Й й	К к
Л л	М м	Н н	О о	П п
Р р	С с	Т т	У у	Ф ф
Х х	Ц ц	Ч ч	Ш ш	Щ щ
Ю ю	Я я	Ь ь

Such letters of the Cyrillic alphabet as: Бб, Гг, Ґґ, Дд, Єє, Жж, Зз, Ии, Її, Йй, Нн, Пп, Фф, Цц, Чч, Шш, Щщ, ь, Юю, Яя are new for the users of the Latin alphabet.

As for the letters: Аа, Вв, Ее, Іі, Кк, Мм, Оо, Рр, Сс,Тт, Уу, Хх, they can be found in the Latin alphabet too, though, in some cases, denoting quite different sounds.

Note: When writing by hand Ukrainian language speakers use the cursive system of writing (with all the letters of a word joined and slanted to the right). Compare: Доброго ранку! (Good morning!) - Доброго ранку! Доброго дня! (Good afternoon!) - Доброго дня!

Доброго вечора! (Good evening!) - Доброго вечора!

Word stress in Ukrainian is not fixed, and thus, it must be remembered. The stem vowel of a word is often stressed, but stressed endings occur too.

In spoken Ukrainian, as in many other languages, the vowel sounds play an important part in expressing emotion:

А-а-а...	astonishment, annoyance, disappointment
Е-е-е...	confusion, suspicion, doubt, indignation, disagreement, regret, reproach
І-і-і...	surprise, disappointment, doubt, reluctance
О-о-о...	despair, enthusiasm, surprise, incredulity
У-у-у...	annoyance, reproach, threat (as well as surprise, delight); also used for booing, howling and wailing!!

The consonants

Here is a full list of the consonants. You have already met some of them on page 1.3. Click on a letter to hear how it sounds.

Here are some examples of words beginning with these letters.

Б	банан
В	ваза
Г	Гонолулу
Ґ	ґрати
Д	директор
Ж	жакет
З	зона
Й	йога
К	канал
Л	лазер
М	музика
Н	номер
П	Перу
Р	рок-н-рол
С	саксофон
Т	турист
Ф	футбол
Х	хор
Ц	центр
Ч	чек
Ш	шок
Щ	Щецин

The soft vowels

In addition to the hard vowels presented on page 1.6, Ukrainian also has soft (sometimes known as "iotated") vowels. They consist (roughly) of a "y" sound, as in "yellow", followed by a hard vowel. Click on a letter to hear how it sounds.

[й + е]

[й + і]

[й + у]

[й + а]

Here are some words beginning with these vowels.

Ємен – Yemen

їдиш (also ідиш) - Yiddish

Юкон – Yukon

Ялта – Yalta

Two of the above vowels are also words in their own right:

я		means I (me)
є		is the present tense of the verb "to be", meaning am/is/are
	There isn't a single letter for the iotated о. This is spelt йо, or sometimes ьо, depending on the letter it follows.
	Example: Йордан – Jordan, йой – oh!

There is no iotated vowel derived from и.

The soft sign

The soft sign ь doesn’t have a sound of its own, but (as its name suggests) it softens (or palatalises) the consonant which it follows. Look at the pairs below and click on the loudspeaker symbols to hear the differences in sound. You will already be familiar with the first letter/sound in each pair.

д – дь

з – зь

л – ль

н – нь

с – сь

т – ть

ц – ць

VOCABULARY

To use this glossary, you must have Cyrillic fonts installed. If you do not see proper Cyrillic characters below and need help, go the the Cyrillic Fonts menu item.

Stressed vowels marked in red. If no red, one word syllable or stress same as in the initial form (listed first).

Word listing formats:
Verbs: infinitive, third person singular (e.g., (he) reads) if there are changes in the stem while conjugating, or ending (preceded by - ) of the third person singular that replaces the infinitive -ти ending.
Nouns: nominative, other cases if there are stem changes, plural ending (preceded by - ). Stressed endings are always marked in red.
Adjectives: masculine nominative.
Other words: comments whenever necessary.

Abbreviations:

adj = adjective dat = dative case f = feminine gen = genitive case

imp = imperfective verb instr = instrumental case m = masculine n = neuter

per = perfective verb pl = plural prep = prepositional case

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А Б В Г Д Є Ж З И І Ї Й К Л М Н О П Р С Т У Х Ц Ч Ш Щ Ь Ю Я

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А
автобус (m), pl: -и	Bus
аеропорт (m), pl: -и	Airport
аж (unchangeable particle)	used for emphasis, can be roughly translated "as much/many as"
ало	hello (phone greeting)
Америка, dat, prep: Америці (f)	America

Б
багатенько (diminutive)	a lot, many, much
багато	a lot, many, much
батько, pl: -и	father, pl: parents
бачити, -ить (imp)	to see
без	Without
берег (m), prep: березі, pl: -и	shore, bank, coast
березень (m)	March
бізнесмен (m), pl: - и	businessman
більше	more
бо	because (since, for)
брат (m), pl:-и	brother
будь ласка	please; you are welcome
бути (imp), є in all persons of the present tense	to be

В
в	in, at
валюта (f), unc.	(foreign) currency
вам	dat. of ви
ваш	your, yours
ввечері	in the evening
вдома	at home
вересень (m)	September
весь (m)	whole
вечеряти, -є (imp)	to have dinner/supper
вже	already
взяти, візьм (per)	to take
вибачте	excuse me
вийти, вийде (per)	to walk/go out
виходити, виходить (imp)	to walk/go out; to result in
ви	you (formal and plural)
вівторок (m), pl: вівторки	Tuesday
відбутися, відбудеться (per)	to take place
відвідувати, відвідує (per)	to visit
відрядження (n), pl: no change	business trip
візьміть (per)	imperative of "take"
вікно (n), pl: - а	window
він	he
вокзал (m), pl: - и	train station
волосся (n), pl: no change	hair
воно	neuter pronoun
восьмий	eighth
вставати, встає (imp)	to rise, to get up
встати, встане (per)	to rise, to get up
вулиця (f), pl: - і	street
вчити, вчить (imp)	to learn, to study

Г
газета (f), pl: - и	newspaper
гаразд	OK
гість (m), pl: гості	guest
говорити, говорить (imp)	to speak
година (f), pl: - и	hour, o'clock
готель (m), pl: - і	hotel
грам (m), pl: -и	gram
гривня (f), pl: - і	hryvnya (name of Ukr. currency)
грудень (m)	December

Д
давати, дає (imp)	to give
давно	for a long time; a long time ago
дата (f), pl: - и	date
дев'ятий	nineth
день (m), gen: дня, pl: -і	day
десь	somewhere; approximately
десятий	tenth
де	where
дивитися, дивиться (imp)	to look (at)
дівчина (f), pl: дівчата	girl
дізнатися, дізнається (per)	to find out
Дніпро	Dnipro (name of a river, also translated as Dnieper)
добре	well; good; OK
добрий	good; kind
додому	home (in directions, e.g., to go home)
дозволяти, -є (imp)	to allow, to permit
документ (m), pl: - и	document
долар (m), pl: - и	dollar
до побачення	good-bye
другий	second
друг (m), prep: (на) друзі; pl: друзі	friend
дрібний	small; tiny
дуже	very
душ (m), pl: -і	shower
дякувати, дякує (imp)	to thank
дякую	thank you (literally: (I) thank)

Є
є	see бути

Ж
жаль	на жаль -- unfortunately
жетон (m), pl: - и	metro token
жовтень (m)	October

З
з	with
за	for; in exchange of
заборонено	forbidden
забронювати, забронює (per)	to book
закінчитися, закінчиться (per)	to end
зараз	now
зателефонувати, зателефонує (per)	to phone, to call
захворіти, -є (per)	to fall ill
захоплюватися, захоплюється (imp)	to admire
зачинено	closed; locked
заїхати, заїде (per)	to stop by
збори (always pl)	(staff) meeting
зважити, зважить (per)	to weigh
звати, зове (imp)	to call (by name)
звідки	where from
здача (f), unc.	change
змогти, зможе (per)	can; be able to
знайомий	acquaintance
знаменний	memorable; singular
знати, -є (imp)	to know
знову	again
зупинитися, зупиниться (per)	to stop
зупинка (f), dat, prep: зупинці, pl: -и	stop; station
зустрітися, зустрінеться (per)	to meet
зустріти, зустріне (per)	to meet
зустрічатися, зустрічається (im)	to meet
зустріч (f), pl: - і	meeting; encounter

І
ім'я (n), gen, dat, prep: імені; pl: імена	name
інженер (m), pl: - и	engineer
іноземний	foreign
історія (f), pl: - ї	history; story

Ї
їхати, їде (imp)	to go (by vehicle)

Й
його	gen. case of він
йому	dat. case of він

К
кава (f) unc.	coffee
кав'ярня (f), pl: - і	cafe
карта (f), pl: - и	map
картка (f), pl: - и	card
квартира (f), pl: - и	apartment; flat
квиток (m), gen: квитка, pl: квитки	ticket
квітень (m)	April
Київ (m), gen: Києва	Kyiv (capital of Ukraine)
кімната (f), pl: - и	room
коли	when
комп'ютер (m), pl: - и	computer
концерт (m), pl: - и	concert
копійка (f), dat, prep: копійці; pl: - и	kopeck
котрий	which; котра година? -- what time is it?
коштувати, коштує (imp)	to cost
країна (f), pl: - и	country
куди	where to
купувати, купує (imp)	to buy

Л
лежати, лежить (imp)	to lie
липень (m)	July
листопад (m)	November
ліжко (n), pl: - а	bed
лікар (m), pl: -і	doctor (physician)
лютий (m)	February
лягати, -є (imp)	to lie down
лягти, ляже (per)	to lie down

М
магазин (m), pl: - и	store
мама (f), pl: - и	mom
масло (n), unc.	butter
машина (f), pl: - и	car; machine
мати, має (imp)	to have; to have (to do smth)
мене	gen. of я
мені	dat. of я
метро (n), unchangeable	subway; metro
мешкати, -є (imp)	to be resident; to live
ми	we
мій	my; mine
місто (n), pl: -а	city; town
місце (n), pl: -я	place
місяць (n), pl: -і	month
мобільний	mobile
могти, може (imp)	can; be able to
можливо	maybe; perhaps
море (n), pl: - я	sea
мусити, я мушу, він мусить (imp)	must

Н
на	on (other meanings possible)
на все добре	formal good bye (literally: all the best)
навчатися, навчається (imp)	to study
нагадувати, нагадує (imp)	to remind
найбільший	largest
написати, напише (per)	to write
наступний	next
неділя (f), pl: - і	Sunday
нема	don't/doesn't (have)
нехай	let it be
не	negative particle not, no
ніч (f), gen, pl.: ночі	night
номер (m), pl: -и	number; hotel room

О
о	at (for time: at nine o'clock)
обідати, -є (imp)	to have lunch
обідній	adj. lunch (e.g., lunch break)
обличчя (n), pl: the same	face
обмін (m), pl: - и	exchange
оглянути, огляне (per)	to look at/around; to see
ось	here
офіс (m), pl: - и	office

П
пальто (n), pl: пальта	coat
пам'ятний	memorable
парасолька (f), pl: - и	umbrella
паспорт (m), pl: -и	passport
передати, передасть (per)	to hand over, to give
перекладати, -є (imp)	to translate
перекласти, перекладе (per)	to translate
перепрошую	excuse me
перерва (f), pl: - и	break
перший	first
писати, пише (imp)	to write
пів	half (colloquial)
підручник (m), pl: - и	textbook
повернутися, повернеться (per)	to return
повертатися, повертається (imp)	to return
повечеряти, -є (per)	to have dinner/supper
повинний	must; required
повторити, повторить (per)	to repeat; to recapitulate
поговорити, поговорить (per)	to speak
подивитися, подивиться (per)	to see; to take a look; to watch
подорожувати, подорожує (imp)	to travel
подруга (f), dat, prep: подрузі; pl: -и	girl friend
подія (f), pl: - ї	event
познайомитися, познайомиться (per)	to get acquainted; to meet
позначено	indicated
показати, покаже (per)	to show
поле (n), pl: - я	field
половина (f), pl: - и	half
поміняти, -є (per)	to exchange
понад	more than
понеділок (m), pl: понеділки	Monday
пообідати, -є (per)	to have lunch
поснідати, -є (per)	to have breakfast
потрібний	necessary
починатися, починається (imp)	to start; to begin
пошта (f), pl: - и	mail; post office
поїхати, поїде (per)	to start going (by vehicle)
правда	however; the truth is
працювати, працює (imp)	to work
привіт	hi
приймати, -є (imp)	to accept; to take
прийняти, прийме (per)	to accept; to take
прийти, прийде (per)	to come (on foot)
прилетіти, прилетить (per)	to come by plane; to fly in
приємно	pleasant; nice
приїхати, приїде (per)	to come (by vehicle)
прізвище (n), pl: - а	last name
пройти, пройде (per)	to pass
прокидатися, прокидається (imp)	to wake up
прокинутися, прокинеться (per)	to wake up
пропрацювати, пропрацює (per)	to work through
просто	easy, simple
прохід (m) gen, dat: проходу; pl: проходи	(walking) passage
прочитати, -є (per)	to read
прошу	please; you're welcome; (I would like to) ask
проїзд (m), pl: - и	passage (for vehicles)
п'ятий	fifth
п'ятниця (f), pl: - і	Friday

Р
разом	together
ранку	in the morning
ранок (m), gen, dat, prep: ранку, pl: ранки	morning
рано	early
рахунок (m), gen, dat, prep: рахунку, pl: рахунки	bill
решта (f)	the rest
рік (m), gen, dat: року, pl: роки	year
річка (f), pl: - и	river
робота (f), pl: роботи	work
робочий	worker; working
розміняти, -є (per)	to change (for smaller bills/coins)
розташований	located
ручка (f), pl: - и	pen; handle

С
свій	one's own
"Світоч"	Svitoch (chocolate brand name)
село (n), pl: - а	village
середа (f), pl: середи	Wednesday
серед	among
серпень (m)	August
сестра (f), pl: - и	sister
сім'я (f), pl: - ї	family
січень (m)	January
скільки	how much/many. Скільки з мене? How much should I pay?
снідати, -є (imp)	to have breakfast
сонце (n), pl: - я	sun
спати, спить (imp)	to sleep
спершу	first (of all)
справа (f), pl: - и	business
стіл, gen, dat: столу, pl: столи	table
столиця (f), pl: - і	capital city
стояти, стоїть (imp)	to stand
студент (m), pl: - и	student
субота (f), pl: -и	Saturday
сукня (f), pl: - і	dress
сусідній	neighboring
сьогодні	today
сьомий	seventh

Т
так	this way; so
там	there
телефонний	telephone (adj.)
телефонувати, телефонує (imp)	to phone
телефон (m), pl: - и	telephone
терміново	urgently
тиждень (m), gen: тижня, pl: тижні	week
тому що	because
травень (m)	May
третій	third
туалет (m), pl: - и	toilet; restroom
турист (m), - и	tourist
тут	here

У
у вас (idiom.)	you have
уже (also: вже)	already
Україна (f)	Ukraine
український	Ukrainian

Х
хвилина (f), pl: - и	minute
хвилинка (f), pl: - и	minute (diminutive)
хотів би	would like to
хто	who

Ц
це	this
цукерка (f), pl: - и	candy

Ч
час (m), pl: -и	time
червень (m)	June
четвертий	fourth
четвер (m), pl: четверги	Thursday
чимало	quite a few; many/much
число (n), pl: - а	number; date
читати, -є (imp)	to read
чоловік (m), pl: -и	man; husband; pl. gen. of people
чорний	black

Ш
шоколадний	chocolate (adj.)
шостий	sixth
шукати, -є (imp)	to search, to look for

Щ
ще	more; moreover
що	what; that
щойно	just now
щороку	every year
щось	something

Я
я	I
яблуко (n), pl: - а	apple
якщо	if

REFERENCES:

1. Бахтіярова Х. Ш., Лукашевич С. С., Майданюк І. З. Українська мова. Практичний курс для іноземців: Посібник для слухачів підготовчих відділень і факультетів. – Тернопіль: Укрмедкнига, 1999. – 319 c.

2. Джура М. Вивчаємо українську мову (Let's learn Ukrainian). – Львів, 2007. – 209 c.

3. Olena Bekh, James Dingley. Teach yourself Ukrainian. – London, 2003. – 310 p.

INTERNET SITES:

www.ukma.kiev.ua/pub/courses/UFL/

http://www.ukrainianlanguage.org.uk/read/unit04/page4-7.htm