The methodical instruction

For practical LESSON of the student

Lesson #1 (6 hours)

Theme: Introduction to Pharmacoeconomics. Retrospective Database Analysis

The purpose: to study with the bases of pharmacoeconomics development, its history and analyse the role of pharmacoeconomics in the practical work of pharmacist. To learn about main principles and methods of pharmacoeconomics analysis.

Vocational counselling of students: Economic evaluation of pharmaceutical products is increasingly used, reflecting recognition that healthcare decision makers are placing increased emphasis on value for money from healthcare interventions. The fundamental economic problem is scarcity. Economic scarcity means that choices have to be made in allocating healthcare resources. Increased expenditure in one-area frequently results in a reduction in expenditure in another; economists refer to the benefits foregone as the opportunity cost. Pharmacoeconomic evaluation provides us with the methodology to determine those treatment options, which will yield the maximum health gain per unit of currency spent. This is achieved by making explicit the opportunity cost of allocating resources to a particular treatment option.

Students’ Independent Study Program

1.1 Introduction to the Pharmacoeconomics

1.2 Analytical Perspectives

1.3 Code of Ethics

1.4 Overview of Economic Evaluation Methods

1.5 Quality of Life and Patient Preferences

1.6 Decision Analysis and Modeling

1.7 Ranking Priorities: Developing a Formulary List

1.8 Incremental Analysis and Quadrants

1.9 Fourth Hurdle and Drug Approvals

1.10 From Board Room to Bedside

2 Outcome of use Pharmacoeconomics

5.1 Retrospective Database Analysis

5.2 Claims and Medication Databases

5.2.1 Description of Claims Database Files

5.3 Electronic Medical Records and Medical Charts

5.3.1 Medical Chart/Medical Record in General

5.3.2 Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) or Charts

5.3.2.1 Advantages/Disadvantages

5.3.2.2 Current Use of EMRs

5.4 Patient Reported Outcomes

5.4.1 Use of PRO Instruments in Pharmacoeconomic Studies: Focus on HPV Vaccine Studies

5.5 Alternative Population-Based Data Sources

5.6 Issues and Challenges

5.7 Statistical Issues

5.8 Non-U.S. Countries

5.9 The Future in Use of Retrospective Databases

Tests and Assignments for Self-assessment

Choose the correct answer/statement:

1. Specify the objects of pharmacoeconomics study:

A. Documentation of randomized clinical trials

B. inventories

C. Medical goods

D. pharmacy

E. Pharmacy stores

Answers for the Self-Control

Test # 1 – А

References:

Practical work (9.00 - 12.00)

TECHNIQUE OF PERFORMANCE OF PRACTICAL WORKS

Work 1. Make a comparison of pharmacoeconomics methods.

Method	Abbr	Main phormula	Input/ Output	Results expressed	Goal determine	Advantages	Disadvantages
Cost minimization	- is

Cost effectiveness	- is

Cost of illness	- is

Cost-benefit	- is

Cost-utility	- is

Work 2. Give the definition of QALY and its main components.

Work 3. Name the stages of developing a Formulary List.

Work 4. Make a scheme of micro and macro application of pharmacoeconomic and name principal outcomes of pharmacoeconomic studies. Make your conclusion about role of pharmacoeconomic.

Application of pharmacoeconomic

Micro Macro

Outcomes of pharmacoeconomic studies:

Conclusion:

Work 5. Name the databases available for Retrospective analyses. Results show in the table.

Database	Advantages	Limitations

Seminar discussion of theoretical questions and practical work - 12.30 – 14.00

Initial level of knowledge and abilities – 14.15– 15.00

9. Students must know:

1. Definition of pharmacoeconomics

2. Code of Ethics

3. Quality of Life and Patient Preferences

4. Economic Evaluation Methods

5. Decision Analysis and Modeling

6. Retrospective Database Analysis

10. Students should be able to:

1. Provide pharmacoeconomic evaluation of medications and treatments.

2. Conduct integration of pharmacoeconomics with other sciences.

The author: Truhybchak O.V.

It is approved on faculty meeting

on .

Protocol #