1

The most spread diseases in children

Tests

 

1.     Which of the methods of nHelicobacter pylori infection diagnostic belong to non-invasive?

A.    urease test

B.    De-nol-test

C.    study of nucleic acids

D.    biopsy of the gastric or nduodenum mucosa

E.     * “Aerotest”

2.     What determines the nduration of bed rest in the treatment of chronic gastroduodenitis children?

A.    * the severity of pain    

B.    quantity of secretion

C.    age of the child

D.    endoscopic changes

E.     severity of dyspeptic nmanifestations

3.     Which of the drug nbelongs to the H2- blockers?

A.    maalox

B.    vikalin

C.    methacine

D.    gastropharm

E.     * cimetidine

4.     What is function of H2- blockers? n

A.    increase the amount of acid produced by the nstomach.

B.    * reduce the amount of acid produced nby the stomach.

C.    stabilize the amount of acid produced by the nstomach.

D.    increase the amount of enzymes

E.     protect mucous membranes

5.     What is the daily dose nof cimetidine used in the treatment of chronic gastroduodenitis children?

A.    1 mg / kg

B.    3 mg / kg

C.    5 mg / kg

D.    20 mg / kg

E.     * 10 mg / kg

6.     What kind of drugs nrefers to reparants?

A.    panzynorm

B.    renegast

C.    bellaspon

D.    ranitidine

E.     * gastropharm

7.     What physiotherapy nprocedure can be applied to children with chronic gastroduodenitis with the nexpressed pain syndrome?

A.    ozokerite applications

B.    xylitol probing

C.    diathermy

D.    mud

E.     * electrophoresis of nnovocaine

8.     Which of the following ndrugs are attributed to H. pylori?

A.    maalox

B.    gastropharm

C.    cimetidine

D.    penicillin

E.     * amoxacilline

9.     What is the leading nsymptom in the 1st stage ulcer?

A.    vomiting

B.    belching

C.    heartburn

D.    local muscle tension

E.     * pain

10.  What characteristic of ndyspeptic manifestations at the healing stage of ulcer?

A.    expressed

B.    nausea

C.    acid regurgitation

D.    heartburn

E.     * absent

11.  What feature of the nulcer disease course is typical for children?

A.    mild

B.    latent course

C.    sluggish course

D.    chronic course

E.     * as a rule severe

12.  What are peculiarities nof the peptic ulcer, mild course?

A.    term healing of ulcers nup to 2 weeks, with remission up to 6 months

B.    term healing of ulcers nup to 2 months with remission less than 1 year

C.    term healing of ulcers 1 nmonth, relapse up to 2 times a year

D.    term healing of ulcers nup to 2 months, relapse once a year

E.     * term healing of ulcers nup to 1 month with remission for over a year

13.  What are peculiarities nof the peptic ulcer, moderate course?

A.    term healing of ulcers nup to 1 month with remission for over a year

B.    term healing of ulcers nup to 2 weeks, with remission up to 6 months

C.    term healing of ulcers 1 nmonth, relapse up to 2 times a year

D.    term healing of ulcers nup to 2 months, relapse once a year

E.     * term healing of ulcers nup to 2 months with remission less than 1 year

14.  What are peculiarities nof the peptic ulcer, severe course?

A.    term healing of ulcers nup to 1 month with remission for over a year

B.    term healing of ulcers nup to 2 weeks, with remission up to 6 months

C.    term healing of ulcers nup to 2 months with remission less than 1 year

D.    term healing of ulcers nup to 2 months, relapse once a year

E.     * term healing of ulcers n1 month, relapse up to 2 times a year

15.  What is the drug of nchoice in Helisobaster pylori invasion?

A.    penicillin

B.    gentamicin

C.    cefazolin

D.    erythromycin

E.     * metronidazole

16.  What is  the most frequent complication of peptic nulcer in children?

A.    stenosis of pylorus

B.    penetration

C.    perforation

D.    peryvistseritis

E.     * bleeding

17.  Name radiological signs nof gastric ulcers:

A.    radial convergence of nthe of the stomach walls

B.    thickening of the walls

C.    thickening of the nmucosal folds

D.    smoothed mucous folds

E.     * “niche” with ninflammatory shaft

18.  What is the duration of npeptic ulcer triple or quadro therapy in children?

A.    5 – 7 days

B.    10 – 14 days

C.    14 – 21 days

D.    21 – 30 days

E.     * 7 – 10 days

19.  Which drug is a reparant nof gastric mucosa in duodenal ulcer?

A.    cimetidine

B.    renegast

C.    smectic

D.    motilium

E.     * spirulina

20.  What is advisable to nappoint in gastrointestinal dysmotility?

A.    no-spa

B.    smectic

C.    gastropharm

D.    almagel

E.     * motilium

21.  When the cytoprotectors nare given to children with peptic ulcer?

A.    from the beginning of ntreatment

B.    in case of hyperacidity

C.    in the process of ulcers nhealing

D.    in remission

E.     * after antihelicobacter ntherapy

22.  Name forms of chronic nhepatitis in children

A.    persistent, active, nautoimmune

B.    medical, autoimmune, nalcoholic

C.    cryptogenic, viral, ntoxic

D.    cryptogenic, autoimmune, ntoxic, alcoholic

E.     * viral, autoimmune, ndrug-induced, toxic

23.  Name phases of chronic nhepatitis activity

A.    active (minimal, nmoderate, severe)

B.    active (mild, moderate, nsevere), inactive

C.    active, incomplete nclinical and laboratory remission, complete clinical and laboratory nremission 

D.    incomplete clinical and nlaboratory remission, complete clinical and laboratory remission 

E.     * active (minimal, nmoderate, severe), inactive

24.  What tells us about the nminimal activity of chronic hepatitis?

A.    normal ALT

B.    ALT 5 times higher thanormal

C.    ALT 5-10 times higher nthaormal

D.    ALT levels above the nnorm more than 10 times

E.     * ALT 3 times higher thanormal

25.  Pain in chronic nhepatitis is manifested as:

A.    epigastric fasting pain

B.    nocturnal epigastric npain

C.    belting pain 1-2 hours nafter meal

D.    pain in the left nhypochondrium during physical activity

E.     * pain in the right nhypochondrium during physical activity

26.  What are the maiclinical manifestations of cholestasis syndrome?

A.    jaundice, nhepatosplenomegaly

B.    pallor, jaundice, nhepatosplenomegaly

C.    abdominal pain, jaundice n

D.    pallor, skin itching

E.     * jaundice, skin itching

27.  Mesenchymal-inflammatory nsyndrome is characterized by:

A.    increased AST, ALT

B.    prothrombin reduction

C.    increased alkaline nphosphatase

D.    raised indirect nbilirubin

E.     * dysproteinemia

28.  Viferon belongs to:

A.    Glucocorticoids

B.    Antibiotics

C.    Antihystamines

D.    Antiinflammatory

E.     * Interferon

29.  What is the maidirection of autoimmune hepatitis treatment?

A.    antiviral therapy

B.    antibacterial therapy

C.    immunostimulatory ntherapy

D.    antiinflammatory therapy

E.     * immunosuppressive ntherapy

30.  Name the nimmunosuppressive therapy of chronic hepatitis B.

A.    Indomethacin

B.    Penicillin

C.    Cholenzym

D.    Essenciale

E.     * Azathioprine

31.  What are the signs of nhypotonic biliary dyskinesia in duodenal probing?

A.    Increased portion A

B.    Increased portion C

C.    Decreased portion B

D.    Decreased portion C

E.     * Increased portion B

32.  What are the signs of nhypertonic biliary dyskinesia in duodenal probing?

A.    Increased portion A

B.    Increased portion B

C.    Increased portion C

D.    Decreased portion C

E.     * Decreased portion B

33.  What are the signs of nhypotonic biliary dyskinesia in sonogram (USE)?

A.    Increased liver

B.    Contracted gallbladder

C.    Reduced liver

D.    Normal gallbladder

E.     * Dilated gallbladder

34.  What are the signs of nhypertonic biliary dyskinesia in sonogram (USE)?

A.    Increased liver

B.    Reduced liver

C.    Dilated gallbladder

D.    Normal gallbladder

E.     * Contracted gallbladder

35.  What is the treatment of nhypotonic biliary dyskinesia?

A.    Analgesics

B.    Antispasmodic

C.    Hepatoprotectors

D.    Sedative

E.     * Choleretics and ncholekinetics

36.  What is the nphysiotherapy of hypotonic forms of biliary dyskinesia?

A.    СаСІ2 electrophoresis

B.    Inductothermy

C.    Ozokerite applications

D.    Microwaves therapy

E.     * MgSO4 electrophoresis

37.  What is used in the ntreatment of hypertonic biliary dyskinesia?

A.    Analgesics

B.    Antibiotics

C.    Hepatoprotectors

D.    Cholekynetics

E.     * Antispasmodic and nsedatives

38.  What is the nphysiotherapy of hypertonic forms of biliary dyskinesia?

A.    MgSO4 electrophoresis

B.    proserin electrophoresis n

C.    Electrical stimulatioof the phrenic nerve

D.    Microwaves therapy

E.     * Inductothermy

39.  What are the leading nclinical syndromes in chronic cholecystocholangitis?

A.    Pain, dysuria

B.    Toxic, hemorrhagic

C.    Dyspeptic, dysuria

D.    Dyspeptic, hemorrhagic

E.     * Pain, dyspeptic

40.  The presence of vascular nasterisks is characteristic for:

A.    Gastritis

B.    Duodenitis

C.    Gastroenterocolitis

D.    Pancreatitis

E.     * Biliary dyskinesia

41.  What determines the paicharacter in cholecystocholangitis?

A.    age of the patient

B.    sex of the patient

C.    the state of the nervous nsystem

D.    the duration of the ndisease

E.     * type of dyskinesia

42.  Dilated intradermal ncapillaries on the back is characteristic for:

A.    Biliary dyskinesia

B.    Gastritis

C.    Duodenitis

D.    Pancreatitis

E.     * Cholecystocholangitis

43.  What are the causes of nprimary chronic pancreatitis?

A.    Pathology of the stomach n

B.    Pathology of  duodenal ulcer

C.    Pathology of the liver

D.    Pathology of intestinal

E.     * Viral-bacterial ninfection

44.  What are the causes of nsecondary chronic pancreatitis?

A.    Viral-bacterial ninfection

B.    Allergic factors

C.    Drug therapy induced nlesion

D.    Abdominal trauma

E.     * Pathology of the liver

45.  Feces in chronic npancreatitis are:

A.    Solid

B.    Thick

C.    Putty-like

D.    Mixed with blood

E.     * Pasty or liquid

46.  What is the normal level nof blood serum amylase in children?

A.    10-15 g / hour  liter

B.    n*16-32 g / hour  liter

C.    33-45 g / hour  liter

D.    46-60 g / hour  liter

E.     n5 – 10 g / hour  liter

47.  Diastasuria is typical nfor:

A.    Hepatitis

B.    Cholecystitis

C.    Colitis

D.    Duodenitis

E.     * Pancreatitis

48.  What is the diet in the nearly days of pancreatitis?

A.    Diet  № 1

B.    Diet  № 5

C.    Diet  № 7

D.    Diet  № 9

E.     * Hunger

49.  What medicine is used to ndecrease the pain in pancreatitis?

A.    Aspirin

B.    Indomethacin

C.    Caffeine

D.    No-spa

E.     * Baralgin

50.  What medicine is used to ntreat an acute attack of pancreatitis?

A.    Penicillin

B.    Heparin

C.    Vicasol

D.    Voltaren

E.     * Contrical

51.  What medicine is used nfor pharmacological suppression of pancreatic function?

A.    Ranitidine

B.    Almagel

C.    Linex

D.    Quamatel

E.     * Creon

52.  What is the nphysiotherapy during exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis?

A.    Ozokerite applications

B.    Inductothermy

C.    UHF (ultra high frequency) n

D.    microwaves

E.     * Gordox electrophoresis

53.  What is the leading netiologic factor of chronic hepatitis?

A.    bacteria

B.    parasites

C.    fungi

D.    prions

E.     * viruses

54.  What is the leading netiological factor of chronic cholecystocholangitis?

A.    feeding character

B.    anomaly of the liver

C.    genetic susceptibility

D.    congenital malformations n

E.     * biliary dyskinesia

55.  What complex of symptoms nis characteristic for chronic hepatitis?

A.    abdominal pain, nbleeding, arthritis

B.    abdominal pain, ndiarrhea, intoxication

C.    abdominal pain, nsplenomegaly, jaundice

D.    everything is correct

E.     * abdominal pain, nhepatosplenomegaly, bleeding

56.  The pathology of biliary ntract is characterized by:

A.    abdominal paiimmediately after taking food

B.    abdominal pain after nsleeping

C.    abdominal pain during nurination

D.    everything is correct

E.     * abdominal pain after nphysical exertion

57.  The dyspeptic syndrome nin the pathology of biliary tract is characterized by:

A.    diarrhea after drinking nmilk

B.    frequent profuse ndiarrhea

C.    persistent constipatiosince birth

D.    everything is correct

E.     * recurrent constipation

58.  Hypotonic biliary ndyskinesia is characterized by:

A.    hungry, nocturnal paiin the abdomen

B.    intense, cramping paiin right hypochondrium

C.    arching pain iumbilical area

D.    intense night pain

E.     * heaviness, discomfort nin the right hypochondrium

59.  Hypertonic biliary ndyskinesia is characterized by: 

A.    heaviness, discomfort ithe right hypochondrium

B.    hungry, nocturnal paiin the abdomen

C.    arching pain iumbilical area

D.    intense night pain

E.     * intense, cramping paiin right hypochondrium

60.  Chronic pancreatitis is ncharacterized by:

A.    hepatomegaly, jaundice, nrecurrent constipation

B.    splenomegaly, jaundice, ndiarrhea

C.    local paipyloroduodenal zone, anemia, constipation

D.    intense night pain

E.     * “girdle” nabdominal pain, anemia, and diarrhea

61.  What is characteristic nfor the liver cirrhosis?

A.    splenomegaly, anemia, nhemorrhage

B.    splenomegaly, anemia, njaundice

C.    hepatosplenomegaly, nanemia, hemorrhage

D.    hyposplenism

E.     * hepatosplenomegaly, nanemia, jaundice,

62.  What is characteristic nfor the gallstone disease?

A.    arching, constant paiin the abdomen

B.    dull, aching pain iright hypochondrium

C.    hungry pain in right nhypochondrium

D.    intense night pain

E.     * intense, cramping paiin the right hypochondrium

63.  Which investigations are nnecessary for patients with hepatobilliary system diseases?

A.    PH-meters, ultrasound, nduodenal probing

B.    PH-metry, EGDS, nultrasound

C.    EGDS, ultrasound, nlaparoscopy

D.    PH-metry, EGDS, duodenal nprobing, ultrasound

E.     * Ultrasound, nlaparoscopy, duodenal probing

64.  Which biochemical tests nare necessary for patients with hepatobilliary system diseases?

A.    total protein, CRP, nseromucoid, bilirubin

B.    total protein and nfractions, urea, creatinine, cholesterol

C.    total protein and nfractions, CRP, seromucoid, urea

D.    total protein and nfractions, seromucoid, bilirubin

E.     * total protein and nfractions, transaminases, bilirubin, cholesterol

65.  What n”cytolysis” syndrome includes?

A.    increasing levels of ncholesterol, direct bilirubin, iron, LDH

B.    reduction of albumin, ncholesterol, bilirubin, CRP

C.    reduction of iron, CRP, nresidual nitrogen, AST, ALT

D.    reduction of iron, CRP, nincreased AST, ALT

E.     * increasing AST, ALT, nLDH, iron, bilirubin

66.  What is observed ireduced synthetic liver function?

A.    luminemia, nhypercholesterolemia, hyperasotemia

B.    hyperbillirubinemia, nhypercholesterolemia, hyperasotemia

C.    reduction of iron, CRP, nincreased AST, ALT

D.    reduction of iron, CRP, nresidual nitrogen, AST, ALT

E.     * hypoalbuminemia, nreduced levels of fibrinogen and prothrombin

67.  What is observed ireduced detoxication liver function?

A.    hyperbillirubinemia, nhypoproteinemia, hypoasotemia

B.    hyperbillirubinemia, nhypoproteinemia, hypophenolemia

C.    hyperasotemia, nhypophenolemia, hyperammoniemia

D.    hypobillirubinemia, nhypoproteinemia, hypophenolemia

E.     * hyperasotemia, nhyperfenolemia, hyperammoniemia

68.  Polyclonal hammapathia nsyndrome is characterized by:

A.    hyperproteinemia, nhypoimmunoglobulinemia, positive sediment samples

B.    hypoproteinemia, nhypoimmunoglobulinemia, hyperbillirubinemia

C.    hypoproteinemia, nhyperimmunoglobulinemia, hyperbillirubinemia

D.    hypobillirubinemia, nhypoproteinemia, hypophenolemia

E.     * hyperproteinemia, nhyperimmunoglobulinemia, positive sediment samples

69.  What ultrasound symptom nis typical for cholecystocholangitis?

A.    enlarged liver

B.    gallbladder deformation

C.    sediment in the ngallbladder

D.    gallbladder hypotonia

E.     * thickening of the gallbladder nwalls

70.  What ultrasound symptom nis typical for hepatitis?

A.    deformation of the bile nducts

B.    thick walls of the bile nducts

C.    multiple concrements

D.    liver size reduction

E.     * diffuse thick structure nof the liver

71.  On what day of the nduodenogastric reflux treatment cholekinetics are prescribed?

A.    20 th

B.    14 th

C.    10 th

D.    2nd

E.     * 7 th

72.  What should be used for nelectrophoresis in duodenogastric reflux?

A.    procaine

B.    magnesium sulfate

C.    papaverine

D.    no-spa

E.     * neostigmine

73.  What should be appointed nfor hypertonic biliary dyskinesia?

A.    holenzim

B.    carsil

C.    convoflavin

D.    motillium

E.     * no-spa

74.  What should be appointed nfor hypotonic biliary dyskinesia?

A.    no-spa

B.    carsil

C.    essenciale

D.    motilium

E.     * holenzim

75.  What is the drug of nchoice for intestine giardiasis?

A.    gentamicin

B.    penicillin

C.    aspirin

D.    pyrantel

E.     * furazolidone

76.  Violation of nitrogeexcretion renal function in the onset of glomerulonephritis is typical for:

A.    isolated urinary nsyndrome

B.    nephrotic syndrome

C.    mixed syndrome

D.    everything is correct

E.     * nephritic syndrome

77.  Excretory urography give nus possibility to evaluate (give the most complete answer):

A.    anatomical status of nurinary tract and urodynamic

B.    calyx-pelvic system nstate

C.    functional ability of nurinary tract

D.    size of the kidneys

E.     * everything is correct

78.  What time after nexacerbation of chronic glomerulonephritis resort treatment is possible?

A.    3 months

B.    12 months

C.    It is not performed

D.    5 years

E.     * 6 months

79.  Which drug is used for nbasic therapy of acute glomerulonephritis with nephrotic syndrome?

A.    Curantyl

B.    Penicillin

C.    Suprastin

D.    Ascorutin

E.     * Prednisolone

80.  Which factor is most nweighty in the etiology of glomerulonephritis?

A.    S aureus

B.    E. cоlі

C.    Influenza virus

D.    hepatitis A

E.     * Streptococci

81.  Which of the pathogenic nmechanisms of damage is characteristic for glomerulonephritis?

A.    bacterial inflammatioof the kidney bowls

B.    immediate type allergic nreaction

C.    violation of the urine npassage 

D.    vesicoureteral reflux

E.     * immune complex nglomerular damage

82.  The nephritic variant of nacute glomerulonephritis is characterized by:

A.    high proteinuria

B.    hyperphosphaturia

C.    pyuria

D.    bacteriuria

E.     * hematuria

83.  What level of nproteinuria is a criterion for nephrotic variant of acute glomerulonephritis?

A.    more than 1 g / day

B.    less than 1 g /day

C.    more than 3 g / l

D.    up to 1 g / l

E.     * more than 3 g / day

84.  What is characteristic nfor the isolated urinary syndrome?

A.    proteinuria up  to 2 g/l

B.    expressed leukocyturia

C.    expressed edema

D.    arterial hypertension

E.     * proteinuria up to 1 g/l

85.  By which investigatiois it possible to evaluate the state of renal concentration function?

A.    analysis of urine

B.    Nechiporenko urine nanalysis

C.    ultrasonic investigation

D.    excretory urography

E.     * Zimnitsky test

86.  Hereditary nephritis ntypically ends with:

A.    Recovering

B.    Formation of npyelonephrosis

C.    Development of nurolithiasis

D.    Acute renal failure

E.     * CRF

87.  Rickets like changes namong hereditary nephropathy are often found at:

A.    Cystic kidneys

B.    Renal without hereditary ndeafness

C.    Renal with hereditary ndeafness

D.    Renal amyloidosis

E.     * Phosphate-diabetes

88.  ?Name the main way of nthe infection entering at pneumonia:

A.    hematogenic

B.    lymphogenic

C.    mixed

D.    urogenic

E.     * bronchogenic

89.  In pneumonia etiology nprevails:

A.    candida

B.    klebsiella

C.    staphylococci

D.    streptococci

E.     * pneumococci

90.  At the early childhood nan acute pneumonia most often is:

A.    interstitial

B.    croupous (lobar)

C.    segmental

D.    polysegmental

E.     * microfocal

91.  Typical physical data at npneumonia are:

A.    diffuse dry wheezes

B.    local small moist nwheezes

C.    diffuse small moist nwheezes

D.    local dry wheezes

E.     * diminished breath nsounds

92.  The chest X-ray sigtypical for acute pneumonia is:

A.    strengthening of npulmonary picture (lung pattern)

B.    emphysema

C.    dilation of lungs’ roots n

D.    pneumosclerosis

E.     * infiltrative shadows

93.  What medicine is not nused for improvement of the rheologic blood properties and microcirculatioduring treatment of acute pneumonia?

A.    rheopoliglucin

B.    heparin

C.    trental

D.    curantil

E.     * droperidol

94.  Duration of an acute npneumonia is:

A.    up to 4 weeks

B.    up to 10 weeks

C.    up to 2 weeks

D.    up to 6 weeks

E.     * up to 8  weeks

95.  In most cases an acute npneumonia at children of the early age develops as a result of:

A.    overheat

B.    super cooling

C.    violation of the regime

D.    upper respiratory tract microbial ninfection

E.     * upper respiratory tract nviral infection

96.  To the pathogenetic nlinks of an acute pneumonia does not belong:

A.    hypoxemia

B.    acidosis

C.    hypoxia

D.    bacteriemia

E.     * alcalosis

97.  To bronchopneumonia are nnot typical such laboratory changes:

A.    leucocytosis

B.    neutrophylosis

C.    elevated ESR

D.    anemia

E.     * reticulocitosis

98.  The clinical features of nan acute pneumonia at children of the early age do not depend on the following:

A.    age

B.    sex

C.    premorbid state

D.    weight

E.     * nationality

99.  To the criteria of aacute pneumonia diagnosis do not belong:

A.    intoxication

B.    local physical changes

C.    respiratory acidosis

D.    percussion changes

E.     * epidemiological history

100.         nCorrelation of pulse and breathing 2 – 1,5 : 1 is typical for:

A.    Respiratory ins. 0 st.

B.    Respiratory ins. I st.

C.    Respiratory ins. II st.

D.    Respiratory ins. IVst.

E.     * Respiratory ins. III nst.

101.         nOxygen saturation of the blood 90 % is typical for:

A.    Respiratory ins. 0 st.

B.    Respiratory ins. II st.

C.    Respiratory ins. III st.

D.    Respiratory ins. IVst.

E.     * Respiratory ins. I st.

102.         nInconstant perioral cyanosis is typical for:

A.    Respiratory ins. 0 st.

B.    Respiratory ins. II st.

C.    Respiratory ins. III st.

D.    Respiratory ins. IVst.

E.     * Respiratory ins. I st.

103.         nLevel РСО2 40 mm Hg. is typical for:

A.    Respiratory ins. 0 st.

B.    Respiratory ins. I st.

C.    Respiratory ins. II st.

D.    Respiratory ins. IVst.

E.     * Respiratory ins. III nst.

104.         nMostly destructive pneumonia is caused by:

A.    pneumococci

B.    proteus

C.    klebsiella

D.    streptococci

E.     * staphylococci

105.         nWhat type of oxygen therapy is the best for a child with the Respiratory nins. III st.?

A.    serve of oxygen through nan oxygen pillow

B.    serve of oxygen in aoxygen tent

C.    serve of oxygen through na nasal catheter

D.    serve of humidified noxygen through a mask

E.     * serve of oxygen through nan intubation tube

106.         nWhat type of oxygen therapy is the best for a child with the Respiratory nins. II st.?

A.    serve of oxygen through nan oxygen pillow

B.    serve of oxygen in aoxygen tent

C.    serve of oxygen through na nasal catheter

D.    serve of oxygen through nan intubation tube

E.     * serve of oxygen through na mask

107.         nWhat group of antibiotics is not used for pneumonia treatment at nchildren of the early age?

A.    penicyllines

B.    aminoglicosydes

C.    cefalosporines

D.    macrolides

E.     * tetracyclin

108.         nAt mild pneumonia antibacterial therapy lasts:

A.    5 – 7 days

B.    3 – 5 days

C.    10 – 14 days

D.    15 – 18 days

E.     * 7 – 10 days

109.         nAt moderate pneumonia antibacterial therapy lasts:

A.    5 – 7 days

B.    7 – 10 days

C.    14 – 20 days

D.    15 – 18 days

E.     * 10 – 14 day

110.         nAt severe pneumonia antibacterial therapy lasts:

A.    7 – 10 days

B.    10 – 14 days

C.    21 – 24 days

D.    24 – 28 days

E.     * 14 – 21 day

111.         nFor treatment of mild pneumonia semisynthetic penicillin’s are used in a ndose:

A.    30 – 50 mg/kg/daily

B.    80 – 100 mg/kg/daily

C.    100 – 150 mg/kg/daily

D.    150 – 200 mg/kg/daily

E.     * 50 – 80 mg/kg/daily

112.         nFor treatment of moderate pneumonia semisynthetic penicillin’s are used nin a dose:

A.    30 – 50 mg/kg/daily

B.    50 – 80 mg/kg/daily

C.    100 – 150 mg/kg/daily

D.    150 – 200 mg/kg/daily

E.     * 80 – 100 mg/kg/daily

113.         nFor treatment of severe pneumonia semisynthetic penicillin’s are used ia dose:

A.    30 – 50 mg/kg/daily

B.    50 – 80 mg/kg/daily

C.    80 – 100 mg/kg/daily

D.    100 – 150 mg/kg/daily

E.     * 150 – 200 mg/kg/daily

114.         nIn definition of pneumonia is absent the following position:

A.    pneumonia is diagnosed nat presence of  respiratory disorders

B.    pneumonia is diagnosed nat presence of tachypnea

C.    pneumonia is diagnosed nat presence of infiltrative changes on x-ray

D.    pneumonia is diagnosed nat presence of  respiratory insufficiency

E.     * it is aoninfectious ndisease of pulmonary parenchyma

115.         nAmong the forms of pneumonia is absent:

A.    community acquired

B.    hospital

C.    ventilator associated

D.    bronchopneumonia

E.     * teenagers’ pneumonia

116.         nIn classification of pneumonia forms is absent:

A.    pneumonia in childrewho have an immune deficit

B.    ventilator  associated

C.    congenital pneumonia

D.    hospital

E.     * extraschool

117.         nHospital pneumonia is one that developed:

A.    during 6 hours being ithe hospital

B.    during 12 hours being ithe hospital

C.    during a 24 hours being nin the hospital

D.    during 56 hours being ithe hospital

E.     * during 48 hours being nin the hospital

118.         nHospital pneumonia is one that developed:

A.    during 6 hours after ndischarge from the hospital

B.    during 12 hours  after discharge from the hospital

C.    during a 24 hours  after discharge from the hospital

D.    during 56 hours  after discharge from the hospital

E.     * during 48 hours  after discharge from the hospital

119.         nPulmonary complications of pneumonia don’t belong to:

A.    pleurisy 

B.    pneumothorax

C.    pyopneumothorax

D.    abscess

E.     * DIC syndrome

120.         nMore often the etiology of community acquired pneumonia in children from n6 months to 6 years is:

A.    chlamydia 

B.    mycoplasm

C.    staphylococcus

D.    E. coli

E.     * pneumococcus

121.         nMore often the etiology of community acquired pneumonia in children from n7 to 15 years is:

A.    streptococcus  

B.    Listeria monocytogenes

C.    hemophilus influenza

D.    E. coli

E.     * pneumococcus

122.         nWhat is the definition of tachypnea in children 2-12 mo:

A.    >80

B.    >60

C.    >40

D.    >35  

E.     * >50 breaths/min

123.         nWhat is the definition of tachypnea in children 1-5 ya:

A.    >50 breaths/min

B.    >80

C.    >60

D.    >35  

E.     * >40

124.         nTo the most frequent etiological agents of hospital pneumonia does not nbelong:

A.    E. coli

B.    proteus

C.    enterobacter

D.    virus

E.     * pneumococcus

125.         nVentilator associated pneumonias (with less than four days of artificial nventilation), usually, are conditioned by:

A.    pneumococcus

B.    B. cereus

C.    enterobacter

D.    virus

E.     * klebsiella

126.         nPneumococci are absolutely non-sensitive to:

A.    penicillines

B.    macrolydes

C.    cephalosporin’s

D.    tetracycline’s

E.     * aminoglicozides

127.         nMedicine of choice to treat typical community acquired pneumonias is:

A.    carbapenems

B.    fluorquinolones

C.    antibiotics of other ngroups

D.    tetracycline’s

E.     * aminopenicillins

128.         nTo the antibiotics of the first choice to treat typical community nacquired pneumonias do not belong:

A.    amoxycillin

B.    macrolides

C.    inhibitor-protected npenicillins

D.    carbapenems

E.     * fluorquinolones

129.         nPositive effect of pneumonia treatment by antibiotic is all, except:

A.    improvement of the ngeneral condition

B.    decrease of temperature nbelow 38°C in 24 – 48 hours from the beginning of treatment

C.    roentgenologic changes ndo not increase or even decrease

D.    decrease of dyspnea

E.     * increase of dyspnea

130.         nAn absent effect of pneumonia treatment by antibiotic is all, except:

A.    fever remains

B.    increase of pathological nchanges in the lungs

C.    increase of dyspnea and nhypoxemia

D.    decrease of dyspnea and nhypoxemia

E.     * improvement of the ngeneral condition

131.         nFor the beginning of lobar pneumonia is not typical:

A.    headache

B.    normal or subfebrile ntemperature

C.    cough with «ferruginous» nsputum

D.    febrile temperature

E.     * poor consciousness

132.         nAt what respiratory insufficiency stage  nis observed inconstant perioral cyanosis ?

A.    At the second

B.    At the third

C.    At all  stages

D.    Does not have the ndiagnostic value

E.     * At the first

133.         nBeginning of lobar pneumonia reminds sometimes:

A.    attack of bronchial nasthma

B.    rheumatism

C.    pyelonephritis

D.    gastritis

E.     * acute appendicitis

134.         nMore often the reason of obstructive bronchitis is:

A.    Parasites

B.    Fungi’s

C.    Bacterial – fungi’s nflora

D.    Viral – fungi’s flora

E.     * Viral – bacterial flora n

135.         nThe beginning of obstructive bronchitis is:

A.    Allergic reactions

B.    Inspiration dyspnea

C.    Expiration dyspnea

D.    Tonsillitis

E.     * Catarrhal syndrome

136.         nAt the acute phase of obstructive bronchitis is prevailing:

A.    Intoxication

B.    Dyspnea

C.    Wheezing

D.    Tonsillitis

E.     * Cough

137.         nPercussion during the acute phase of obstructive bronchitis is:

A.    Clear lung sound

B.    Dullness of lung sound

C.    Dullness of lung sound nin lower parts

D.    Dullness of lung sound nin upper parts

E.     * Box sound

138.         nAuscultation during the acute phase of obstructive bronchitis is:

A.    Prolonged inspiration

B.    Decrease of breathing

C.    Crepitation

D.    Local moist rales

E.     * Dry rales and moist ndiffuse rales

139.         nDuring the acute period of obstructive bronchitis on X-ray is present:

A.    Particularly clear lung nfield

B.    Hyperinflation

C.    Occasional scattered nareas of consolidation

D.    Local infiltration of nlung tissue

E.     * Perivascular and nperibronhial infiltration, increasing of lung pattern and enlarged roots of nlungs

140.         nThe main treatment of obstructive bronchitis is:

A.    Liquidation of viruses

B.    Desintoxication therapy

C.    Rehydratation therapy

D.    Antibiotics

E.     *  Normalization of drainage function of nbronchus

141.         nThe chest falls on inspiration and rises on expiration. What type of nrespiration is it?

A.    Kussmaul’s respiration

B.    Normal respiration

C.    Biot’s respiration

D.    Cheyne-Stokes nrespiration

E.     * Paradoxical respiration

142.         nWhat type of respiratory movements is in girls after 7 years?

A.    Abdominal

B.    Costal

C.    Sternly

D.    Diaphragmatic

E.     * Thoracic

143.         nWhat is tachypnea?

A.    The distress during nbreathing

B.    The decrease of the nrespiratory rate

C.    The cessation of nbreathing

D.    The increase of the respiratory ndepth

E.     * The increase of the nrespiratory rate

144.         nWhat is an average respiratory rate in 1-year old child?

A.    20

B.    18

C.    50

D.    60

E.     * 30

145.         nWhat is apnea?

A.    The increase of the nrespiratory rate

B.    The distress during nbreathing

C.    The decrease of the nrespiratory rate

D.    The increase of the nrespiratory depth

E.     * The cessation of nbreathing

146.         nWhat is an average respiratory rate in children after 12 years?

A.    22

B.    32

C.    25

D.    45

E.     * 18

147.         nWhat is bradypnea?

A.    The increase of the nrespiratory rate

B.    The distress during nbreathing

C.    The cessation of nbreathing

D.    The decrease of the nrespiratory depth

E.     * The decrease of the nrespiratory rate

148.         nWhat is usual ratio of breaths to heartbeats?

A.    1:1

B.    1:2

C.    1:3

D.    1:5

E.     * 1:4

149.         nWhat is an average respiratory rate  niewborn?

A.    22

B.    30

C.    18

D.    64

E.     * 45

150.         nWhat main clinical features are useful in the diagnosis of nbronchiolitis?

A.    Paroxysmal cough

B.    *Tachypnea

C.    Tachicardia

D.    Tension and flaring of nthe nostris

E.     Wheezing

151.         nWhat main X-ray features are useful in the diagnosis of acute nbronchitis?

A.    Particularly clear lung nfield

B.    Hyperinflation

C.    Occasional scattered nareas of consolidation

D.    Local infiltration of nlung tissue

E.     * Perivascular and nperibronhial infiltration

152.         nWhat examination is most important in the case of bronchitis?

A.    Complete blood count

B.    Culture of sputum

C.    Culture of alveolar nfluid

D.    Biochemical examinatioof the blood

E.     * Chest X-ray

153.         nBronchitis is caused most often by:

A.    Fungi

B.    Bacteria

C.    Parasites

D.    Mixed flora

E.     * Viruses

154.         nAll factors can lead to bronchitis, except:

A.    Cooling

B.    Allergies

C.    Genetically predilection

D.    Bad ecology

E.     * Poor feeding

155.         nSuch auscultation picture may be determined at obstructive bronchitis, nexcept:

A.    Increase vesicular nbreathing

B.    Rough breathing

C.    Puerile breathing

D.    Bronchus breathing

E.     * Local decrease of nvesicular breathing

156.         nWhat is the main feature of bronchiolitis?

A.    Puerile breathing

B.    Dry wrestling rales

C.    Course bubbling rales ilower parts of lungs

D.    Decreased vesicular nbreathing

E.     * Diffuse fine rales

157.         nThe criteria of acute obstructive bronchitis are all, except:

A.    The great quantity of ndry rales

B.    Nonproductive cough

C.    Box sound during npercussion

D.    Perivascular ninfiltration of lung tissue

E.     * Severe intoxication

158.         nThe X-ray criteria of acute bronchitis is all, except:

A.    Increase of lung pattern

B.    Perivascular ninfiltration

C.    Peribronchial ninfiltration

D.    Infiltration of roots

E.     * Atelectasis

159.         nAccording classification bronchitis cannot be:

A.    Acute

B.    Relapse

C.    Chronic

D.    Bronchiolitis

E.     * Latent

160.         nThe main symptom of acute bronchitis is:

A.    Wheezing

B.    Pain in throat

C.    Dyspnea

D.    Hyperthermia

E.     * Cough

161.         nThe first sign of acute bronchitis is everything, except:

A.    Hyperthermia

B.    Wheezing

C.    Pharyngitis

D.    Cough

E.     * Vomiting

162.         nThere is not typical such type of rales during bronchitis:

A.    Diffuse

B.    Symmetrical

C.    Decreasing or ndisappearing of rales after cough

D.    Dry rales

E.     * Local

163.         nThere is not typical such auscultation dates during bronchitis:

A.    Rough breathing

B.    Dry rales

C.    Moist diffuse rales

D.    Decreasing or ndisappearing of rales after cough

E.     * Decrease breathing

164.         nThe auscultation date during bronchitis is:

A.    Puerile breathing

B.    Decrease breathing

C.    Moist local rales

D.    Crepitus rales

E.     * Rough breathing

165.         nDuring acute bronchitis respiratory insufficiency is most often of:

A.    1 stage

B.    2 stage

C.    3 stage

D.    2-3 stage

E.     * 0 stage

166.         nX-ray criterion of acute bronchitis is:

A.    Symmetrical decreasing nof lung pattern

B.    Infiltration of lung ntissue

C.    Infiltration of lung ntissue near roots

D.    Symmetrical decreasing nof lung pattern and infiltration of lung tissue

E.     * Symmetrical increasing nof lung pattern

167.         nComplex of treatment of acute bronchitis does not include:

A.    Mucolitics

B.    Physiotherapy

C.    Antipiretics drugs

D.    Antibiotics

E.     * Antacids drugs

168.         nDrugs, which have no mucolitic effect:

A.    Acetylcistein

B.    Bromhexin

C.    Ambroxol

D.    Claritin

E.     *Mucaltin

169.         nBronchoobstructive syndrome is characterized by:

A.    Paroxysmal breathing

B.    Stridor breathing

C.    Silent breathing

D.    Diminished breathing

E.     * Noisy breathing

170.         nWhat main clinical features are useful in the diagnosis of bronchial nasthma?

A.    Chest pain

B.    Tahycardia

C.    Vomiting

D.    Wet cough

E.     * Dispnoe

171.         nWhat examination is the most important at bronchial asthma?

A.    Stools examination

B.    Culture of sputum

C.    Biochemical examinatioof the blood

D.    Chest X-ray

E.     * Immunoglobulin E

172.         nWhat special substances may be found in sputum in case of bronchial nasthma?

A.    Erythrocytes

B.    Neuthrophyls

C.    Leucocytes

D.    Monocytes

E.     * Eosinophyls

173.         nWhat will be the therapeutic management of acute attacks of asthma?

A.    Anti-inflammatory agents

B.    Commonly sodium

C.    Inhalation of ncorticosteroids

D.    Prednizolon orally

E.     * Bronchodilators

174.         nThere is necessary to use for control the effect of treatment of nbronchial asthma:

A.    Spirography

B.    ECG

C.    Allergic tests

D.    X-ray

E.     * Peak Flow Meter

175.         nMore often the reason of bronchial asthma is the:

A.    Drugs

B.    Food

C.    Bacteria

D.    Viruses

E.     * Dust

176.         nChildren with such pathology have a high risk of the congenital heart ndisease, except for:

A.    Down syndrome

B.    Genetic disorders n(chromosomal abnormalities)

C.    Premature babies

D.    Children with multiple nextracardiac (other than the heart defect) malformations

E.     * Newborns with chronic nintrauterine hypoxia

177.         nWhat symptom is not specific for atrial septal defect?

A.    Difficulty breathing n(dyspnea)

B.    Frequent respiratory ninfections in children

C.    Sensation of feeling the nheart beat (palpitations)

D.    Shortness of breath with nactivity

E.     * Cyanosis

178.         nThe most common symptoms of patent ductus arteriosus are:

A.    Tachycardia or other narrhythmia

B.    Shortness of breath and nother respiratory problems

C.    Enlarged heart

D.    All mentioned above

E.     * Continuous machine-like nmurmur

179.         nWhat heart murmur is characteristic for patent ductus arteriosus?

A.    Systolic

B.    Diastolic

C.    Systolic and diastolic

D.    May be variants

E.     * Continuous machine-like nmurmur

180.         nWhat symptom is not typical for hypoplastic left heart?

A.    cyanosis

B.    cold extremities

C.    Lethargy

D.    Poor pulse

E.     * hepatosplenomegaly

181.         nWhat symptoms are typical for aortic coarctation (aortarctia)?

A.    Dizziness or fainting

B.    Shortness of breath

C.    headache

D.    Chest pain

E.     * all that is mentioned

182.         nAttack of rheumatic fever is more frequent after the:

A.    flu

B.    sinusitis

C.    measles

D.    rhinitis

E.     * scarlet fever

183.         nEtiology of rheumatic fever is:

A.    pneumococcus

B.    the virus of influenza

C.    fungi

D.    staphylococcus

E.     * streptococcus

184.         nWhat does confirm streptococcal etiology of rheumatic fever?

A.    previous measles

B.    previous influenza

C.    previous sepsis

D.    previous pneumonia

E.     * previous acute ntonsillitis

185.         nWhat heart defect is most often formed on a background of rheumatic nfever?

A.    stenosis of aorta valves

B.    insufficiency of aortic nvalves

C.    tricuspid valve ninsufficiency

D.    stenosis of mitral valve

E.     * mitral valve ninsufficiency

186.         nWhat is the main criterion of rheumatic fever?

A.    hepatitis

B.    nephritis

C.    pneumonia

D.    gastritis

E.     * carditis

187.         nWhat is the main criterion of rheumatic fever?

A.    nephritis

B.    hepatitis

C.    pneumonia

D.    gastritis

E.     * carditis

188.         nWhat is the main criterion of rheumatic fever?

A.    hepatitis

B.    dermatitis

C.    pneumonia

D.    gastritis

E.     * polyarthritis

189.         nWhat is the main criterion of rheumatic fever?

A.    dermatitis

B.    nephritis

C.    pneumonia

D.    gastritis

E.     * rheumatic nodules

190.         nWhat is the criterion of carditis?

A.    cardialgias

B.    damage of epicardium

C.    only pericarditis

D.    hypothermia

E.     * damage of myocardium nand endocardium

191.         nWhat is typical for myocarditis?

A.    heart borders narrowed

B.    strengthening of the nheart tones

C.    syndrome WPW

D.    СLС syndrome

E.     * heart borders ndilatation

192.         nWhat is typical for myocarditis?

A.    increase of arterial npressure

B.    normal arterial pressure n

C.    high pulse pressure

D.    СLС syndrome

E.     * decrease of arterial npressure

193.         nFor rheumatic polyartritis is typical:

A.    morning stiffness

B.    constant deformations of nthe joints

C.    damage of spine

D.    damage of neck

E.     * inconstant damage of njoints

194.         nSmall chorea is characterized for..

A.    violation of nconsciousness

B.    central paralyses

C.    damage of the cranial-cerebral nnerves

D.    muscular hypertonia

E.     * muscular hypotonia

195.         nRheumatic endocarditis is characterized by:

A.    accent of 2 tone above nthe aorta

B.    soft systolic murmur othe apex

C.    systolic murmur above nthe pulmonary artery

D.    soft systolic murmur othe aorta

E.     * rough systolic murmur non the apex

196.         nECG in case of rheumatism characteristically is characterized by:

A.    lengthening of the QT ninterval

B.    deformation of the QRS ncomplex

C.    increase of voltage

D.    decrease of voltage

E.     * lengthening of the PQ ninterval

197.         nIn the case of the rheumatism’s acute duration is better to use:

A.    plaquenil

B.    delagyl

C.    ibuprophen

D.    analgin

E.     * aspirin

198.         nIn the case of the rheumatism’s prolonged duration is better to use:

A.    voltaren

B.    ibuprophen

C.    aspirin

D.    analgin

E.     * plaquenil

199.         nWhat is prescribed in case of penicillin allergy for rheumatism netiological treatment?

A.    gentamycin

B.    claforan

C.    chloramphenicol

D.    kanamycin

E.     * erythromycin

200.         nWhat is the dose of prednisolone in case of severe rheumatic carditis?

A.    1 mg/kg;

B.    3 mg/kg;

C.    4 mg/kg;

D.    5 mg/kg

E.     * 2 mg/kg;

201.         nWhat is the complication of rheumatic fever?

A.    tricuspid valve ninsufficiency 

B.    stenosis pulmonary nartery

C.    pulmonary artery valves ninsufficiency 

D.    pulmonary artery valves nstenosis 

E.     * mitral valve ninsufficiency

202.         nWhat is typical for myocardiosclerosis?

A.    low blood pressure

B.    high  blood pressure

C.    bradypnea

D.    tachypnea

E.     * arrhythmia  

203.         nWhat is typical for rheumatic arthritis?

A.    Morning stiffness

B.    Permanent course

C.    Pale skin over joints

D.    All transffered

E.     * Symptoms subside withi2 weeks

204.         nArthralgia associated with rheumatic fever differs from arthralgia nassociated with rheumatoid arthritis by:

A.    Permanent course

B.    More expressed in the nmorning

C.    More expressed in the nevening

D.    Increases day by day

E.     * Absence of tenderness nduring passive movement of the affected joint

205.         nSydenham’s chorea is characterized by involuntary movements, specially:

A.    On the legs

B.    On the hands

C.    On the face

D.    All over the body

E.     * On the face and limbs

206.         nClinic of Sydenham’s chorea includes:

A.    Concomitant npsychological dysfunction

B.    Increased emotional nlabiality

C.    Hyperactivity

D.    Age-regressed behaviour

E.     * All transferred

207.         nChoose WRONG assertion about diagnostic of rheumatic fever

A.    No exact diagnostic test nhas been developed to test for its presence

B.    A careful exam by a nqualified medical practitioner  is nnecessary

C.    Just as there is no nparticular laboratory test to diagnose Rheumatic fever

D.    Throat swab for culture, nAntistreptolysin O titre (ASOT) and blood for acute phase reactants must be ndone

E.     * Only blood tests to ncheck for the presence of a strep infection are helpful

208.         nThe duration of salicylates treatment at rheumatic fever is:

A.    1 week

B.    2 weeks

C.    6 weeks

D.    2 months

E.     * 3-4 weeks

209.         nName the main treatment of rheumatic carditis

A.    Cortiscoteroids

B.    Salicylates

C.    Vasodilators

D.    Digoxin

E.     * All that is mentioned

210.         nName the main treatment of Sydenham’s chorea.

A.    Corticosteroids

B.    Salicylates

C.    Vasodilators

D.    Diuretics

E.     * Haloperidol

211.         nThe acute phase of rheumatic fever lasts in 75% of cases:

A.    2 weeks

B.    4 weeks

C.    2 months

D.    3 months

E.     * 6 weeks

212.         nWhat is primary prevention of rheumatic fever?

A.    Periodic examination of npeople who have a family history of Rheumatic fever

B.    Good nutrition

C.    Obligatory antibiotic ntherapy after dental operations

D.    All that is mentioned

E.     * Treatment of the nstreptococcal upper respiratory infection with antibiotics

213.         nPatients without rheumatic carditis need a secondary prophylaxis:

A.    2 yrs

B.    3 yrs

C.    10 yrs

D.    Whole life

E.     * 5 yrs

214.         nWhat is not acquired heart diseases in children?

A.    Mitral insufficiency

B.    Tricuspid insufficiency

C.    Mitral stenosis

D.    Aortic stenosis

E.     * Coarctation of aorta

215.         nPathogenesis of mitral insufficiency includes:

A.    Constant retrograde flow nof blood in the left atrium during systole of the lef ventricle

B.    Expansion and nhypertrophy of the left ventricle

C.    Stagnation in the npulmonary veins

D.    Decompositions of right nventricular stagnation

E.     * All that is mentioned

216.         nClinic of mitral insufficiency includes:

A.    Weakness

B.    Poor appetite

C.    Pale skin

D.    Nothing that is nmentioned

E.     * Shortness of breath

217.         nClinic of mitral insufficiency includes:

A.    Weakness

B.    Palpitations

C.    Pasty legs and feet

D.    Nothing that is nmentioned

E.     * All that is mentioned

218.         nName the most common rheumatic heart disease

A.    Mitral insufficiency

B.    Coarctation of aorta

C.    Tricuspid insufficiency

D.    Aortic stenosis

E.     * Mitral stenosis

219.         nName auscultation data at mitral stenosis

A.    The second heart sound nis unusually loud

B.    The first heart sound is nunusually dull

C.    The second heart sound nis unusually dull

D.    Heart sounds are normal

E.     * The first heart sound nis unusually loud

220.         nName auscultation data at mitral stenosis.

A.    Mid-diastolic rumbling nmurmur

B.    Mid-systolodiastolic nrumbling murmur

C.    Blowing systolic murmur

D.    Blowing diastolic murmur

E.     * Mid-systolic rumbling nmurmur

221.         nClinic at mitral stenosis includes:

A.    Butterfly rash

B.    Arthralgia

C.    Ascites

D.    All transferred

E.     * Ankle/sacral edema

222.         nName changes of arterial pressure at aortic insufficiency

A.    The maximum arterial npressure is dramatically reduced with high minimum

B.    High arterial pressure non hands and low on legs

C.    Arterial nhypertension 

D.    May be different nvariants

E.     * The minimum arterial npressure is dramatically reduced with high maximum

223.         nThe most characteristic feature in tricuspid insufficiency is:

A.    Systolic murmur

B.    Diastolic murmur

C.    Loud heart tones

D.    Peripheral oedema

E.     * Pulsation of the neck nveins and the liver

224.         nCardiac catheterization provides in tricuspid insufficiency aopportunity to identify:

A.    Size of defect

B.    Diagnose

C.    Presence of hypertrophy

D.    All that is mentioned

E.     * High pressure in the nright atrium and the portal veins

225.         nOn the first place as ethiologic factor at nonrheumatic carditises are:

A.    Bacteria

B.    Viruses + bacteria

C.    Fungi

D.    Alergic reactions

E.     * Viruses

226.         nWhat is the main clinical feature of early congenital carditis?

A.    Physical and psychomotor nretardation

B.    Tachycardia

C.    Occurs under ninfluence  of harmful factors

D.    ECG: high R

E.     * Progressive left-heart ncardiac insufficiency, refraction to the therapy

227.         nFibroelastosis is a result of:

A.    Viral carditis

B.    Bacterial carditis

C.    Fungi carditis

D.    Late congenital carditis

E.     * Early congenital ncarditis

228.         nWhat is used for treatment of acute nonrheumatic carditis?

A.    Chinoline  derivatives+ nonsteroid anti-inflammatory ndrugs 

B.    Antibiotics

C.    Vitamins

D.    All transferred

E.     * Glucocorticoids+ nnonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs

229.         nWhat dose of Heparin is used at treatment of nonrheumatic carditis?

A.    50 U/kg

B.    150 U/kg

C.    200 U/kg

D.    250 U/kg

E.     * 100 U/kg

230.         nWhat type of cardiomyopathy does not exist?

A.    Restrictive ncardiomyopathy

B.    Dilated 

C.    Hypertrophic

D.    Ischemic cardiomyopathy

E.     * Hypotrophic

231.         nWhat is the main symptom of cardiomyopathy?

A.    Fatigue

B.    Difficulty breathing

C.    Poor appetite

D.    All transferred

E.     * Arrhythmia

232.         nWhat investigation can differentiate between hypertrophic, restrictive nor dilated cardiomyopathy in most cases?

A.    24-hour Holter monitor

B.    ECG

C.    X-ray of chest

D.    All that is mentioned

E.     * EchoCG

233.         nWhat is the most common form of cardiomyopathy?

A.    Restrictive

B.    Hypertrophic

C.    Infiltrative

D.    Ischemic

E.     * Dilated 

234.         nBasis of therapy of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is:

A.    Calcium antagonists of nVerapamilum group

B.    Metoprolol succinate

C.    Propranolol

D.    Atenolol

E.     * All that is mentioned

235.         nBasis of therapy of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is:

A.    Antiunrhythmical npreparations 

B.    inhibitors of ACE n(angiotensin converting enzyme)

C.    Cardiac glycozides

D.    All that is mentioned

E.     * Calcium antagonists of nVerapamilum group

236.         nSurgical treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is indicated at:

A.    Immediately after ndiagnose

B.    In early age

C.    Appearance of heart nfailure

D.    All that is mentioned

E.     * Absence of clinical neffect from active medicinal therapy

237.         nSpecify one of symptoms of acute left heart insufficiency.

A.    Swelling of neck veins

B.    Skin cyanosis

C.    Hepatomegalia

D.    Edema on extremities

E.     * Foamy excretions from nmouth

238.         nSpecify one of symptoms of acute left heart insufficiency.

A.    Olyguria

B.    Expansion of right nborder of heart     

C.    Decline of arterial npressure   

D.    Edema  on extremities

E.     * Forced sitting positioof body

239.         nAt what degree of cardiac insufficiency does ascites appear?

A.    I A

B.    I B   

C.    II A  

D.    II B

E.     * III

240.         nSpecify indications for prescription of cardiac glycosides.

A.    Atrioventricular nblockade

B.    Expressed bradycardia

C.    Group extrasystoles

D.    Expressed hypokaliemia

E.     * Cardiac insufficiency

241.         n241.      At what type of collapse nis necessary to include mezatoni and adrenalini in urgent   therapy?

A.    Toxic

B.    Sympathotonic

C.    Ortostatic

D.    Hypoxic

E.     * Paralytic

242.         nAt what type of collapse is necessarily to include  aminasini in urgent therapy?

A.    Toxic

B.    Paralytic

C.    Hypoxic

D.    Ortostatic

E.     * Sympathotonic

243.         nRatio of indirect heart massage and artificial respiration for childreof all age groups is:

A.    2:1

B.    3:1

C.    5:1

D.    6:1

E.     * 4:1

244.         nName one of symptoms of acute left heart insufficiency.

A.    Edema of extremities

B.    Accent of 2nd tone on a npulmonary artery   

C.    Swelling of neck veins

D.    Hepatomegaly

E.     * Weak pulse or nundetermined

245.         nPosition of patient at syncope must be:

A.    Horizontal with the low nposition of feet

B.    Half sitting with the ninclined head to the right

C.    Half sitting with the ninclined head to the left

D.    Raised with the low nposition of feet

E.     * Horizontal with high nposition of feet

246.         nThe best medicines at symphatotic collapse are:

A.    Cordiamini, caffeini

B.    Eyphyllini, salbutamoli

C.    Adrenalini, mezatoni

D.    Reopolyglucini, npolyglucini

E.     * Droperidoli,aminasini

247.         nThe best medicines at vagotonic collapse are:

A.    Droperidoli,aminasini

B.    Eyphyllini, salbutamoli

C.    Cordiamini, ncaffeine 

D.    Reopolyglucini, npolyglucini

E.     * Adrenalini, mezatoni

248.         nParoxismal tachycardia is the attack of sudden tachycardia:

A.    More than 90-100 per nminute

B.    More than 110-130 per nminute

C.    More than 130-140 per nminute

D.    More than 200 per minute

E.     * More than 150-180 per nminute

249.         nThe general electrocardiography criteria of paroxysmal tachycardia are:

A.    Presence 3 and anymore ngroups of extrasystoles

B.    Absence of compensating npause

250.         nC.          Cardiac frequency   more than 150 per 1 minute

A.    All that is mentioned

B.    * Outbreak and sudden end

251.         nThe first medicine at treatment of ventricular paroxysmal tachycardia nis:

A.    Cordaroni

B.    Novocainomidi

C.    Corgluconi

D.    Seduxeni

E.     * Lidocaini

252.         nSymptomatic hypertension in children is conditioned:

A.    By illnesses of kidneys

B.    By the anomalies of nvessels

C.    By illnesses of adrenal nglands   

D.    By nothing of these

E.     * By all of these

253.         nBasic in determination of clinical death is:

A.    Absence of the nindependent breathing

B.    Absence of photoreactioof pupils on light

C.    Absence of pulse ocarotid and femoral arteries

D.    All of these

E.     * Permanent expansion of npupils

254.         nWhat drug is possible to enter only intracardiac?

A.    Lidocaini

B.    Atropini

C.    All that is mentioned

D.    sodium hydrocarbonatum

E.     * Adrenalini

255.         nWhat is the best method for diagnostic of arrhythmias?

A.    ECG

B.    EchoCG

C.    Heart catheterization

D.    All transferred

E.     * Holter-monitoring

256.         nChronic cardio-vascular insufficiency (heart failure) is classified as:

A.    Left heart, right heart, narythmogenes, total

B.    Systolic, diastolic, nmixed

C.    Left heart, right heart, nsystolic, diastolic

D.    All of these

E.     * On stages: I-A, I-B, nII-A, II-B,III

257.         nVentricular tachycardia is indeed the most dangerous of the cardiac narrhythmias with a real risk of:

A.    Infarction

B.    Myocardiosclerosis

C.    Heart failure

D.    All transferred 

E.     * Sudden cardiac death

258.         nWhat type of tachycardia does not exit?

A.    Supraventricular ntachycardia

B.    Ectopic atrial ntachycardia

C.    Ventricular tachycardia

D.    All exit

E.     * Restrictive tachycardia

259.         nWhat systemic connective tissue disease is on the first place of nprevalence in children?

A.    Systemic lupus nerythematosus

B.    Dermatomyositis

C.    Periarteritis nodosa

D.    Scleroderma

E.     * Rheumatoid arthritis

260.         nHow many criteria out of ten (according criteria) are enough to put the ndiagnosis of SLE?

A.    3

B.    5

C.    6

D.    7

E.     * 4

261.         nAffection of the eyes is specific for:

A.    Infectious arthritis

B.    Acute rheumatic lever

C.    systemic lupus nerythematosus

D.    Osteomyelitis

E.     * Juvenile rheumathoid narthritis

262.         nThe dose of aspirin for the treatment of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis nis:

A.    10-20 mg/kg/day

B.    25-50 mg/kg/day

C.    100-120 mg/kg/day

D.    150-200 mg/kg/day

E.     * 50-120 mg/kg/day

263.         nThe dose of ibuprofen for the treatment of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis nis:

A.    30-50 mg/kg/day

B.    50-120 mg/kg/day

C.    100-120 mg/kg/day

D.    150-200 mg/kg/day

E.     * 10-30 mg/kg/day

264.         nThe “gold standard” of JRA treatment considered to be:

A.    Aspirin

B.    Cyclophosphamide

C.    Azathioprine

D.    Hydroxychloroquine

E.     * Methotrexate

265.         nHow long should be present arthritis in patient to diagnose JRA n(according WHO criteria)?

A.    More than 1 month

B.    More than 2 months

C.    More than 6 months

D.    More than 1 year

E.     * More than 3 months

266.         nThe main clinical criterion of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is:

A.    Morning stiffness of njoints

B.    Symmetrical affection of nsmall joints

C.    Effusion in joint cavity n(under the capsule)

D.    Joint contracture.

E.     * Arthritis more than 3 nmonths

267.         nAmong clinical criteria of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is NOT present:

A.    Arthritis more than 3 nmonths

B.    Morning stiffness of njoints

C.    Symmetrical affection of nsmall joints

D.    Effusion in joint cavity n(under the capsule)

E.     * Subfebrile temperature

268.         nWhat joints are the most frequently damaged in JRA?

A.    Ankles

B.    Wrists

C.    Elbow

D.    Hip

E.     * Knee

269.         nChoose the most typical sign of rheumatoid arthritis in children idifference from adults:

A.    Symmetrical involvement nof small joints

B.    Rheumatoid nodules

C.    Resistance to the ntreatment

D.    Rare mono- or npauciarticular types development

E.     * Damage of neck and nmandible joints

270.         nWhat is NOT characteristic for the damage of mandible joint at JRA?

A.    Limited possibility to nopen the mouse

B.    Further lower jaw ndysplasia

C.    Pain during opening the nmouse

D.    Crepitating at palpation

E.     * Edema of parotid area

271.         nWhat form is absent in the JRA classification?

A.    Systemic

B.    Pauciarticular

C.    Still’s syndrome

D.    Polyarticular

E.     * Waterhouse-Friderichsesyndrome

272.         nWhat is Still’s syndrome?

A.    Pauciarticular form JRA

B.    Subclinical form JRA

C.    Damage of spine in JRA

D.    Damage of eyes in JRA

E.     * Systemic form JRA

273.         nChoose the most typical sign of Still’s syndrome?

A.    Muscular atrophy

B.    Symmetrical involvement nof small joints

C.    Eyes involvement

D.    Presence of rheumatoid nnodules

E.     * Salmon pink rush on the nbody

274.         nChoose the most typical sign of Still’s syndrome?

A.    Muscular atrophy

B.    Iritis, uveitis

C.    Symmetrical involvement nof small joints

D.    Presence of rheumatoid nnodules

E.     * Fever

275.         nFor polyarticilar form of JRA typical is damage of more than:

A.    1 joint

B.    3 joints

C.    10 joints

D.    4 joints

E.     * 5 joints

276.         nWhat factors contribute to the immune system disturbances observed ilupus?

A.    Genetic predisposition

B.    Hormonal imbalance

C.    Allergens (eggs, drugs)

D.    Sunlight exposure

E.     * All mentioned above

277.         nWhat is the daily dose of prednisolone (mg) for pulse-therapy?

A.    50

B.    100

C.    250

D.    500

E.     * 1000

278.         nWhat daily dose of prednisolone (mg/kg) should be given for treatment of npolyarteritis nodosa with abdominal syndrome?

A.    0,5 – 0,75

B.    1 – 2

C.    2,5 – 5

D.    10

E.     * 5 – 7

279.         nWhat average daily dose of prednizolne (mg/kg) shoild be given for npolyarteritis nodosa treatment?

A.    0,5 – 0,75

B.    2,5 – 3

C.    5-7

D.    10

E.     * 1 – 2

280.         nWhat is the most frequent cardio-vascular system involvement symptom at npolyarteritis nodosa?

A.    Fibroelastosis

B.    Myocarditis

C.    Myocardiosclerosis

D.    Pancarditis

E.     * Ischemia of myocardium

281.         nThe characteristic skin changes at polyarteritis nodosa are named:

A.    Nodular erythema

B.    Annular erythema

C.    «Butterfly»-rash

D.    Heliotrope erythema

E.     * Livedo reticularis

282.         nWhat is NOT the diagnostic criterion of polyarteritis nodosa?

A.    Loss more than 4 kg of nbody weight during the month

B.    Diffuse myalgia

C.    Polyneuropathy

D.    Increased level of urea nin the blood

E.     * Annular (ring-form) nerythema

283.         nWhat from enumerated is NOT typical for dermatomyositis?

A.    Leucocytosis

B.    Creatininuria

C.    Increased activity ALT, АSТ

D.    Presence of MSA

E.     * Lymphocytosis

284.         nWhat is NOT included in Peter’s and Bohan’s criteria of juvenile ndermatomiositis?

A.    Symmetrical proximal nmuscle weakness

B.    Elevated serum enzymes n(CK,CPK, LDH, and/or aldolase)

C.    Abnormal EMG (abnormal nactivity and muscle movements)

D.    Inflammation or necrosis non muscle biopsy

E.     * Hypertermia and nintoxication syndrome

285.         nWhat is NOT included in Peter’s and Bohan’s criteria of juvenile ndermatomiositis?

A.    Symmetrical proximal nmuscle weakness

B.    Characteristic skieruption

C.    Abnormal EMG (abnormal nactivity and muscle movements)

D.    Inflammation or necrosis non muscle biopsy

E.     * All signs mentioned nabove are among criteria

286.         nHeart pain at dermatomyositis is more frequent caused by all enumerated, nEXEPT:

A.    Intercostal myositis

B.    Coronaritis

C.    Necrosis of myofibrils

D.    Pericarditis

E.     * Stenocardia

287.         nLimitation of motions at patients with dermatomyositis is due to:

A.    Flexors hypertonia

B.    Atrophy of muscles

C.    Pain in joints

D.    Damage of innervation

E.     * Pain in muscles

288.         nThe characteristic skin changes at dermatomyositis are named:

A.    Livedo reticularis

B.    Nodular erythema

C.    Annular erythema

D.    «Butterfly»-rash

E.     * Heliotrope erythema

289.         nCalcinosis at dermatomyositis can develop mainly in:

A.    Kidneys

B.    Cardiac muscle

C.    Lungs

D.    Joints

E.     * Perypheral muscles

290.         nDermatomyositis is more frequently seen in:

A.    Boys

B.    Newborns

C.    Preschoolers

D.    Teenagers

E.     * Girls

291.         nWhat of the following is NOT the systemic scleroderma symptom?

A.    Raynaud’s phenomenon

B.    Thickening, hardening, nand discoloration of the skin

C.    Ulcers in the oral ncavity

D.    Swelling of the fingers, nhands, forearms

E.     * Weakness of the proximal nmuscles

292.         nWhat of the following is the systemic scleroderma symptom?

A.    Symmetrical proximal nmuscle weakness

B.    Abnormal EMG (abnormal nactivity and muscle movements)

C.    Inflammation or necrosis non muscle biopsy

D.    Leukocytosis and neosynophilia in peripheral blood

E.     * Thickening, hardening, nand discoloration of the skin

293.         nWhat medicine is used for the basic therapy of systemic scleroderma?

A.    Delagyl

B.    Methotrexate

C.    Ibuprofen

D.    Prednisolone

E.     * Penicillamine

294.         n?Etiology of chronic gastroduodenitis is:

A.    Streptococcus

B.    Staphylococcus

C.    E. coli

D.    Candida

E.     * Helicobacter pylori

295.         nName aggressive factor of the stomach mucus membrane damage:

A.    Mucus production

B.    Prostaglandin Е2

C.    Bicarbonates

D.    NaCl

E.     * HCl

296.         nName aggressive factor of the stomach mucus membrane damage:

A.    Mucus production

B.    Prostaglandin Е2

C.    Bicarbonates

D.    KCl

E.     * Pepsin

297.         nThe regulator of the hydrochloric acid secretion is:

A.    Somastatin

B.    Glucagon

C.    Insulin

D.    Bicarbonates

E.     * Gastrin

298.         nName the factor of the stomach mucus membrane protection:

A.    Pepsin

B.    HCl

C.    Gastrin

D.    NaCl

E.     * Mucus production

299.         nPathogenesis of the gastritis development is:

A.    Increase of mucus nproduction

B.    Increase of bicarbonates nsecretion

C.    Physiological blood nstream in a mucus membrane

D.    Decrease of the salt nacid secretion

E.     * Increase of the salt nacid secretion

300.         nHelicobacter pylori is the cause of:

A.    Esophagitis

B.    Colitis

C.    Hepatitis

D.    Uretritis

E.     * Gastritis

301.         nHelicobacter pylori is colonized at the:

A.    Cardial part of the nstomach

B.    Fundal part of the nstomach

C.    Pyloric part of the nstomach

D.    Esophagus

E.     * Antral part of the nstomach

302.         nWhat enzyme is produced by Helicobacter pylori?

A.    Lactase

B.    Peptidase

C.    Lipase

D.    Amylase

E.     * Urease

303.         nProduct of urea hydrolyses in the gastric juice is:

A.    Oxygen

B.    Nitrogen

C.    Chlorine

D.    HCl

E.     * Ammonium

304.         nWhat neutralizes the ammonia in the stomach juice?

A.    Pepsin

B.    Bicarbonates

C.    Mucus

D.    Ammonium

E.     * HCl

305.         nName main syndromes of chronic gastritis:

A.    Pain, dyspepsic, nhemorrhagic

B.    Disuric, dyspepsic,  intoxication

C.    Pain, hemorrhagic, ndysuric

D.    Pain, dyspepsic, dysuric

E.     * Pain, dyspepsic, nintoxication

306.         nIn the case of increased secretion in patients with gastritis more nprominent is:

A.    Dyspepsia

B.    Intoxication

C.    Dysuria

D.    Hemorrhagic syndrome

E.     * Pain

307.         nIn case of increased secretion in patients with gastritis pain is:

A.    Mild

B.    Dull

C.    Moderate

D.    No intensive

E.     * Intensive

308.         nIn case of decreased secretion in patients with gastritis pain is:

A.    intensive

B.    acute

C.    absent

D.    moderate

E.     * mild

309.         nAt patients with hyperacidic gastritis pain arises up through:

A.    30-45 min. after a meal

B.    45-60 min. after a meal

C.    1-1.5 hours after a meal

D.    2-2.5 hours after a meal

E.     *  15-30 min. after a meal

310.         nAt patients with duodenitis pain arises up more frequent through:

A.    15-30 min. after a meal

B.    30-45 min. after a meal

C.    45-60 min. after a meal

D.    2-2.5 hours. after a nmeal

E.     * 1-1.5 hours. after a nmeal

311.         nMost frequent localization of pain at gastritis is:

A.    In mesogastrium

B.    Right hypochondria

C.    Left hypochondria

D.    Hypogastria

E.     * Epigastria

312.         nMost frequent localization of pain at duodenitis is:

A.    In mesogastrium

B.    Right hypohondrium

C.    Left hypochondria

D.    Hypogastria

E.     * Pyloroduodenal area

313.         nPain on empty stomach is characteristic for patients with: 

A.    Normal acid production

B.    Decreased acid nproduction

C.    Achlorhydria

D.    Hypochlorhydria

E.     * Increased acid nproduction

314.         nNightly pains are characteristic for patients with:

A.    Normal acid production

B.    Decreased acid nproduction

C.    Achlorhydria

D.    Hypochlorhydria

E.     * Increased acid nproduction

315.         nPredominance of pain above a dyspepsia syndrome is characteristic for ngastroduodenitis with:

A.    Normal acid production

B.    Decreased acid nproduction

C.    Achlorhydria

D.    Hypochlorhydria

E.     * Increased acid nproduction

316.         nPredominance of dyspepsia above a pain syndrome is characteristic for ngastroduodenitis with:

A.    Increased acid nproduction

B.    Normal acid production

C.    Achlorchydria

D.    Hypochlorhydria

E.     * Decreased acid nproduction

317.         nFeeling of overweight in epigastria is characteristic for patients nwith:   

A.    Increased acid nproduction

B.    Normal acid production

C.    Achlorhydria

D.    Hypochlorhydria

E.     * Decreased acid nproduction

318.         nMeteorism is characteristic for gastritis with:

A.    Increased acid nproduction

B.    Normal acid production

C.    Achlorhydria

D.    Hypochlorhydria

E.     * Decreased acid nproduction

319.         nConstipation is characteristic for gastritis with: 

A.    Normal acid production

B.    Decreased acid nproduction

C.    Achlorhydria

D.    Hypochlorhydria

E.     * Increased acid nproduction

320.         nSecondary gastroduodenitis develops more frequently on the background nof:

A.    Food poisoning

B.    Helicobacter pylori npersistency

C.    Parasites invasion

D.    Gastroenteral nenzymopathy

E.     * Other chronic diseases nof digestive organs

321.         nChronic gastroduodenitis more frequently begins at children in:

A.    The first month of life

B.    The first year of life

C.    First three years of nlife

D.    School age

E.     * Preschool age

322.         nChronic gastroduodenitis more frequently combines with diseases of:

A.    CNS

B.    Respiratory system

C.    Heart and vessels

D.    Urinary system

E.     * Hepatobiliary system

323.         nWhat syndrome is the most constant in case of chronic gastroduodenitis nat children?

A.    Dyspepsic

B.    Intoxication

C.    Epithelial

D.    Hemrrhagic

E.     * Pain

324.         nThe intensity of dyspepsia at chronic gastroduodenitis in childredepends on:

A.    Age of child

B.    Peculiarities of feeding

C.    Intervals between the nreceptions of meal

D.    Balanced food ningredients

E.     * Secretory function

325.         nIn case of the decreased stomach juice acidity more frequently is nobserved:

A.    Constipation

B.    Intensive pain

C.    “Hungry” pain

D.    Vomiting

E.     * Diarrhea

326.         nIn case of the decreased stomach juice acidity is not characteristic:

A.    Constipation

B.    Pain in epigastrium

C.    Belch (regurgitation)

D.    Nausea

E.     * Diarrhea

327.         nClassification of the chronic gastroduodenitis by the etiology is:

A.    Inborn and acquired

B.    Postinfectious and nalimentary

C.    Widespread and limited

D.    Allergic and toxic

E.     * Primary and secondary

328.         nWhat secretory function in gastritis is the most characteristic for nchildren?

A.    Decreased

B.    Decreased or normal

C.    Decreased

D.    Served

E.     * Increased or normal

329.         nWhat from the instrumental methods is most informative for the ndiagnostics of chronic astroduodenitis?

A.    рН-metry

B.    Breath test

C.    Colonoscopy

D.    X-ray of abdomen

E.     * nEsophagogastroduodenoscopy

330.         nIn children most rare chronic gastroduodenitis according the endoscopic ndescription is:

A.    Superficial

B.    Hemorrhagic

C.    Mixed

D.    Erosive

E.     * Atrophic

331.         nWhat from the helicobacteriosis diagnostics methods belongs to invasive?

A.    PCR of feces and saliva

B.    Respiratory tests

C.    Determination of nspecific immunoglobulines

D.    “Aerotest”

E.     * Biopsy of the stomach nmucus membraine with its bacteriological investigation

332.         nWhat does determine duration of the bed regime in case of chronic ngastroduodenitis in children?

A.    Severity of dyspepsia

B.    Type of secretion

C.    Age of child

D.    Endoscopic changes

E.     * Severity of paisyndrome

333.         nWhat diet is appointed at the exacerbation of chronic gastroduodenitis?

A.    № 1

B.    № 5

C.    № 10

D.    № 9

E.     * № 1A, 1B

334.         nWhat from antacids is the most reasonable to appoint to the children?

A.    Sodium hydrocarbonate

B.    Calcium carbonate

C.    Magnesium hydrochloride n+ Carbonic acid

D.    Carbonic acid

E.     * Aluminium hydrate + nMagnesium hydrochloride

335.         nWhat from the medicine belongs to Н2 histamine-blockers?

A.    Maalox

B.    Vicalin

C.    Methacin

D.    Gastropharm

E.     * Cimetidin

336.         nWhat from medicine belongs to procinetics?

A.    Panzynorm

B.    Renegast

C.    Bellaspon

D.    Ranitidin

E.     * Domperidon

337.         nWhat physical therapy procedure is reasonable to apply to the childrewith chronic gastroduodenitis with the expressed pain syndrome?

A.    Ozocerite appliques

B.    Probbing with xylitol

C.    Diathermy

D.    Balneotherapy

E.     * Electrophoresis with nnovocaine

338.         nWhat from the named medicine is used for Helicobacter pylori neradication?

A.    Maalox

B.    Motilium

C.    Cimetidin

D.    Benzylpenicilliun

E.     * De-nol

339.         nThe leading symptom of the 1st stage of peptic ulcer disease is:

A.    Vomiting

B.    Belch (regurgitation)

C.    Heartburn

D.    Local tension of muscles

E.     * Pain

340.         nThe sequence of symptoms at the Moinighan rhythm is the following:

A.    The intake of meal – npain – hunger – relief

B.    Pain – hunger – the nintake of meal – relief

C.    Hunger – relief – the nintake of meal – pain

D.    The intake of meal – nrelief – pain – hunger

E.     * Hunger – pain – the nintake of meal – relief

341.         nName the forms of chronic hepatitis at children:

A.    Persistent, active, nautoimmune

B.    Medicinal, autoimmune, nalcoholic

C.    Cryptogenic, viral, ntoxic

D.    Cryptogenic, autoimmune, ntoxic, alcoholic

E.     * Viral, autoimmune, nmedicinal-induced, toxic

342.         nPhases of chronic hepatitis activity are:

A.    Active (minimum, nmoderate, expressed)

B.    Active (mild, moderate, nsevere) and nonactive

C.    Active, incomplete nclinic-laboratory remission, complete clinic-laboratory remission

D.    Incomplete nclinic-laboratory remission, complete clinic-laboratory remission

E.     * Active (minimum, nmoderate, expressed) and nonactive

343.         nTo the necessary biochemical researches for patients with the diseases nof hepatobiliary system belong:

A.    General albumen, CRP, nseromucoid, bilirubin

B.    General protein and nfractions, urea, creatinin, cholesterol

C.    General protein and nfractions, CRP, seromucoid, urea

D.    General protein and nfractions, CRP, cholesterol

E.     * General protein and nfractions, transaminases, bilirubin, cholesterol

344.         nThe syndrome of “cytolysis” includes:

A.    Increase level of ncholesterol, iron, LDG

B.    Decrease level of nproteins, cholesterol, bilirubin, СRP

C.    Decrease level of iron, СRP, remaining nitrogen, АsАТ, АlАТ

D.    Decrease of the АsАТ level, АlАТ, LDG, iron, bilirubin

E.     * Increase of the АsАТ level, АlАТ, LDG, iron, bilirubin

345.         nName basic clinical signs of cholestasis syndrome:

A.    Jaundice, nhepatosplenomegaly

B.    Pallor, jaundice,  hepatosplenomegaly

C.    Stomach-aches, jaundice

D.    Pallor, skin itching

E.     * Jaundice, skin itching

346.         nMarkers of the chronic hepatitis С are:

A.    HBe Ag, HBs Ag, HBV-DNA, nanti-HBe Ig G, anti-HBs Ig G

B.    HAV-RNA, anti-HAV Ig M, nanti-HAV Ig G

C.    HBs Ag, HDV-RNA, nanti-HDV Ig M, anti-HBe Ig M

D.    HGV-RNA, anti-E2 HGV

E.     * HСV-RNA, anti-HСV Ig M

347.         nMarkers of the chronic hepatitis D are:

A.    HBe Ag, HBs Ag, HBV-DNA, nanti-HBe Ig G, anti-HBs Ig G

B.    HAV-RNA, anti-HAV Ig M, nanti-HAV Ig G

C.    HСV-RNA, anti-HСV Ig M

D.    HGV-RNA, anti-E2 HGV

E.     * HBs Ag, HDV-RNA, nanti-HDV Ig M, anti-HBe Ig M

348.         nMarkers of the chronic hepatitis G are:

A.    HBe Ag, HBs Ag, HBV-DNA, nanti-HBe Ig G, anti-HBs Ig G

B.    HAV-RNA, anti-HAV Ig M, nanti-HAV Ig G

C.    HСV-RNA, anti-HСV Ig M

D.    HBs Ag, HDV-RNA, nanti-HDV Ig M, anti-HBe Ig M

E.     * HGV-RNA, anti-E2 HGV

349.         nWhat color of feces is in case of viral hepatitis?

A.    Bright-yellow

B.    Dark-brown

C.    Mud-color

D.    Black

E.     * Clays color

350.         nWhat medicine does belong to interferons?

A.    Essentiale

B.    Cholenzym

C.    Carsyl

D.    Prednisolon

E.     * Intron A

351.         nViferon is the medicine of group:

A.    Glucocorticoids

B.    Antibiotics

C.    Antihystamine

D.    Vitamins

E.     * Interferon

352.         nMain treatment of autoimmune hepatitis is:

A.    Antiviral therapy

B.    Antibiotic therapy

C.    Immunomodulators

D.    Antihystamines

E.     * Immunesuppressive ntherapy

353.         nWhat medicine with immune suppressive effect will you use for treatment nof chronic hepatitis?

A.    Voltaren

B.    Cycloferon

C.    Essential

D.    Vitamins

E.     * Prednisolon

354.         nWhat medicine does belong to immune suppressive therapy of chronic nhepatitis?

A.    Indomethacin

B.    Penicillin

C.    Cholenzym

D.    Vitamins

E.     * Azatioprin

355.         nPrimary dyskinesia of bile ducts is connected with:

A.    Pathology of stomach

B.    Pathology of duodenum

C.    Pathology of large nintestine

D.    Pathology of esophagus

E.     * Neurohumoral regulatiodysfunction

356.         nSecondary dyskinesia of bile ducts is connected with:

A.    Neurohumoral regulatiodysfunction

B.    Disorder of  the vegetative nervous system

C.    Pathology of hypophysis

D.    Pathology of esophagus

E.     * Pathology of stomach nand duodenum

357.         nAt the decreased synthetic function of liver is observed:

A.    Hyperbilirubinemia, ndecreased levels of fibrinogen and protrombin

B.    Hypoalbuminemia, nhypercholesterolemia, hyperazotemia

C.    Hyperbilirubinemia, nhypercholesterolemia, hyperazotemia

D.    Hyperalbuminemia, ndecreased levels of fibrinogen and protrombin

E.     * Hypoalbuminemia, ndecreased levels of fibrinogen and protrombin

358.         nAbout the decreased detoxication function of liver testifies:

A.    Hyperbilirubinemia, nhypoproteinemia, hypoazotemia

B.    Hyperbilirubinemia, nhypoproteinemia, hypophenolemia

C.    Hypoazotemia, nhyperphenolemia, hypoamiakemia

D.    Hypoazotemia, nhypophenolemia, hyperamiakemia

E.     * Hyperazotemia, nhyperphenolemia, hyperamiakemia

359.         nUltrasonography signs of hypotonic form of bile ducts dyskinesia are:

A.    Increase of liver

B.    Goal bladder is ndiminished in sizes

C.    Diminishment of liver

D.    Decrease of liver

E.     * Enlarged goal bladder

360.         nUltrasonography signs of hypertonic form of bile ducts dyskinesia are:

A.    Increase of liver

B.    Diminishment of liver

C.    Enlarged goal bladder

D.    Decrease of liver

E.     * Goal bladder is ndiminished in sizes

361.         nIn treatment of hypotonic form of bile ducts dyskinesias apply:

A.    Analgetics

B.    Spasmolitics

C.    Hepatoprotectors

D.    Vitamins

E.     * Choleretics and ncholekinetics

362.         nIn treatment of hypertonic form of bile ducts dyskinesias apply:

A.    Analgetics

B.    Antibiotics

C.    Hepatoprotectors

D.    Vitamins

E.     * Spasmolitics and nsedatives

363.         nEtiology of chronic cholecystocholangitis is:

A.    Streptococcus

B.    Viruses

C.    Micopolasms

D.    Staphylococcus

E.     * E. coli

364.         nChronic cholecystocholangitis is the chronic inflammation of:

A.    Stomach and duodenum

B.    Stomach and goal bladder

C.    Goal bladder and npancreas

D.    Stomach and bile ducts

E.     * Goal bladder and bile nducts

365.         nLeading syndromes in case of chronic cholecystocholangitis are:

A.    Pain, dysuria

B.    Toxic, hemorrhagic

C.    Dyspepsia, dysuria

D.    Pain, toxic

E.     * Pain, dyspepsia

366.         nPresence of vascular asterisks is characteristic for:

A.    Gastritis

B.    Duodenitis

C.    Bile ducts dyskinesia

D.    Colitis

E.     * Cholecystocholangitis

367.         nToxic syndrome is more characteristic for:

A.    Bile ducts dyskinesia

B.    Gastritis

C.    Duodenitis

D.    Colitis

E.     * Cholecystocholangitis

368.         nEnlargement of liver is typical for:

A.    Bile ducts dyskinesia

B.    Gastritis

C.    Pancreatitis

D.    Colitis

E.     * Cholecystocholangitis

369.         nMedicine of choice at the cytolitic syndrome is:

A.    Cholenzym

B.    Interferon

C.    No-spa

D.    Papaverin

E.     * Essentiale

370.         nMedicine of choice at cholestasis is:

A.    Essentiale

B.    Carsil

C.    No-spa

D.    Papaverin

E.     * Cholenzym

371.         nMedicine of choice at the low synthetic function of liver is:

A.    Essentiale

B.    Cholenzym

C.    Interferon

D.    Papaverin

E.     * Carsyl

372.         nDistension of the skin capillaries on the back is characteristic for:

A.    Bile ducts dyskinesia

B.    Gastritis

C.    Duodenitis

D.    Colitis

E.     * Cholecystocholangitis

373.         nMedicine of choice in case of lambliosis (giardiasis) is:

A.    Gentamycin

B.    Penicillin

C.    Aspirin

D.    Papaverin

E.     * Furasolidon

374.         nCauses of secondary chronic pancreatitis are:

A.    Viral-bacterial ninfections

B.    Allergic factors

C.    Medicinal damages

D.    Traumas of stomach

E.     * Liver pathology

375.         nLocalization of pain at chronic pancreatitis:

A.    In the right subcostal narea

B.    In the left subcostal narea

C.    In the left inguinal narea

D.    In the right inguinal narea

E.     * In epigastrium

376.         nTypical point tenderness at chronic pancreatitis is:

A.    Mendehl

B.    Kehr

C.    Orthner

D.    Maslov

E.     * Mayo-Robson

377.         nWhat symptom is a positive at chronic pancreatitis?

A.    Mendehl

B.    Orthner

C.    Musse-Georgievsky

D.    Kehr

E.     * Shoffar

378.         nFeces at chronic pancreatitis are:

A.    Solid

B.    Thick

C.    Putty-like

D.    Normal

E.     * Porridge-like or liquid

379.         nChronic pancreatitis is characterized by:

A.    Hyperbilirubinemia

B.    Hypoamylasemia

C.    Hypercholesterolemia

D.    Hypobilirubinemia

E.     * Hyperamylasemia

380.         nSteatorrhea is characteristic for:

A.    Gastritis

B.    Hepatitis

C.    Colitis

D.    Esophagatis

E.     * Pancreatitis

381.         nKreatorrhea is characteristic for:

A.    Gastritis

B.    Hepatitis

C.    Colitis

D.    Esophagatis

E.     * Pancreatitis

382.         nAmylase level of blood is:

A.    10-15 g/hour/l

B.    33-45 g/hour/l

C.    46-60 g/hour/l

D.    60-90 g/hour/l

E.     * 16-32 g/hour/l

383.         nDiastasuria is characteristic for:

A.    Hepatitis

B.    Cholecystitis

C.    Colitis

D.    Esophagatis

E.     * Pancreatitis

384.         nFor correction of endotoxic shock in the patients with pancreatitis is nused:

A.    Albumen

B.    Crioprecipitate

C.    Haemodes

D.    Heparin

E.     * Rheopoliglucin

385.         nWhat parasites may not be present in bile?

A.    Giardia

B.    Opistarchosis

C.    Stroingyloides

D.    All may be present

E.     * Ascaridosis

386.         nAll of the following conditions are cause of glomemlonephritis, except:

A.    Bacterial infection

B.    Viral

C.    Fungal

D.    Vaccination

E.     * Allergies

387.         nWhich symptom is the criterion of nephritic variant of acute nglomerulonephritis?

A.    nLeucocyturia

B.    nBacteruria

C.    Anasarca

D.    Proteinuria more than 3g nper day

E.     *Hematuria

388.         nWhat investigation must be performed to confirm the kidneys dysfunctioduring chronic glomerulonephritis?

A.    General analysis of nurine

B.    Nechiporenko test

C.    Estimation of daily nproteinuria

D.    Estimation of ncholesterol

E.     * Endogenous creatiniclearance

389.         nWhat dose of heparin is necessary to prescribe for treatment of acute nglomerulonephritis?

A.    50-100 IU/kg

B.    10-20 IU/kg

C.    500-600 IU/kg

D.    250-500 IU/kg

E.     * 100-300 IU/kg

390.         nWhich position is incorrect in relation to treatment of nephrotic nsyndrome:

A.    Corticosteroid therapy nis appointed

B.    The dose of diuretics is ndepending from an effect

C.    During the expressed nedema and hyper coagulation it is necessary to prescribe heparin

D.    It is necessary to nprescribe cytostatics according the needing

E.     * To all patients with nnephrotic syndrome it is necessary to prescribe cytostatics

391.         nDuring the hormone depending nephrotic form of chronic nglomerulonephritis it is necessary to prescribe with the prednisolone:

A.    Non-steroid nantiinflamation drugs

B.    Preparates of naminohinoline group

C.    Heparin

D.    Curantil

E.     * Cytostatics

392.         nWhich method of research is most informing at the syndrome of malignant nhypertension?

A.    X-ray of kidneys

B.    Excretory X- ray of nkidneys

C.    Ultrasound investigatioof kidneys

D.    Biochemical analysis of nblood

E.     * Angiography

393.         nWhich syndrome is contraindication for prescribing of heparin?

A.    Nephrotic syndrome of nacute glomerulonephritis

B.    Mixed form of chronic nglomerulonephritis

C.    Sub acute malignant nglomerulonephritis

D.    Nephrotic syndrome of nchronic glomerulonephritis

E.     * Aplastic anemia

394.         nWhich position is incorrect relatively to nephritic variant of edema nsyndrome?

A.    Edema syndrome more nfrequent is moderately expressed

B.    In. the basic of nmechanism of such edema is violation of the vascular penetrating

C.    In the basic of nmechanism of such edema hypoproteinemia is not important

D.    In. the basic of nmechanism of such edema is increase of pressure

E.     * In the basic of nmechanism of such edema is hypoproteinemia

395.         nWhich variant of therapy is most expedient during the mixed form of nchronic glomerulonephritis?

A.    Monotherapy of nprednizolone

B.    Prednisolone and heparin

C.    Prednisolone and hepariwith curantil

D.    Prednisolone and hepariwith curantil and cytostatics

E.     * Prednisolone and ncytostatics

396.         nWhich position is incorrect in relation to treatment of nephrotic nsyndrome?

A.    Corticosteroid therapy nis appointed

B.    The dose of diuretics ndepends of effect

C.    During edema syndrome nand hypercoagulation it is necessary to prescribe heparin

D.    Cytostatics are nprescribing only according indications

E.     * Cytostatics are nprescribing to all patients

397.         nViolation of desintoxication function of kidneys in the beginning of nglomerulonephritis is characteristic for:

A.    Isolated urinary nsyndrome

B.    Nephrotic syndrome

C.    Mixed form

D.    Nephrotic syndrome with narterial hypertension

E.     * Nephritic syndrome

398.         nWhich biochemical test can’t demonstrate activity of inflammatory nprocess of glomerulonephritis?

A.    Protein and its nfractions

B.    C – reactive protein

C.    Seromucoid

D.    ESR

E.     * Ca and P of blood

399.         nThe children of school age have normal content of creatinine in the nblood:

A.    2,1-3,2 mmol/l

B.    4,3-7,3 mmol/l

C.    15,0-17,3 mmol/l

D.    4,2- 1,1 mmol/l

E.     * Up to 0,1 mmol/l

400.         nWhich formula is necessary for the calculation of day’s amount of urine nfor children?

A.    500х(n+5), where n-amount of years

B.    mass +10

C.    600х(n+5), where n-amount of years

D.    600х(n+10), where n-amount of years

E.     * 600+100(n-1), where nn-amount of years

401.         nExcretory urography allows estimate:

A.    nAnatomical state of urinary tract and nurodinamics

B.    State of nephrons

C.    Functional state of nurinary tract

D.    State of urinary bladder

E.     n*Functional state of urodinamics

402.         nExcretory urography does not allow discover:

A.    Position, sizes, form of nkidneys

B.    State of nephrons

C.    Functional state of nurinary tract

D.    Anomaly of kidney nvessels

E.     n*State of urinary bladder

403.         nWhat is the main feature of kidney edema?

A.    Appears at morning, nwarm, pale

B.    Appears in the second nhalf of day, cold, cyanotic

C.    Dense

D.    Disposed mainly on trunk

E.     n*Disposed mainly on place or sex organs

404.         nKidney angiography is the main investigation for:

A.    Suspicion on the defects nof development or disease of vessels

B.    Arterial hypertension

C.    Nephroptosis

D.    Nephritis

E.     n*Glomerulonephritis

405.         nWhat is the normal correlation between daily and nightly dieresis?

A.    1:1

B.    2:1

C.    3:1

D.    4:1

E.     n*1:2

406.         nWhich drug do we use for pathogenetical treatment of nephrotic syndrome?

A.    Penicillin

B.    Curantil

C.    Suprastin

D.    Ascorutin

E.     * Prednisolone

407.         nWhich diet is necessary prescribes during acute glomerulonephritis?

A.    1

B.    2

C.    3

D.    5

E.     * 7

408.         nWhat reason of glomerulonephritis is the more often?

A.    Staphylococcus

B.    E.Соlі

C.    Virus of hepatitis A

D.    Virus of flu

E.     * Streptococcus

409.         nWhat is the main pathogenetical mechanism of development of nglomerulonephritis?

A.    Bacterial inflammation

B.    Allergy reaction

C.    Violation of passage of nurine

D.    Reflux

E.     * Immunocomplex damaging

410.         nWhich symptom is not characteristic for glomerulonephritis?

A.    Pain in back

B.    Hypertension

C.    Edema

D.    Oliguria

E.     * Pain during the act of nurination

411.         nFor nephrotic variant of acute glomerulonephritis is characteristic:

A.    Hypoglycemia

B.    Hyperbilirubinemia

C.    Azotemia

D.    Hypocalcaemia

E.     * Hyperlipidemia

412.         nWhich level of proteinuria is the criterion of nephrotic variant of nacute glomerulonephritis?

A.    2-3 g/l

B.    1-3 g/l

C.    Up to 1 g/l

D.    0,5-2 g/l

E.     * 3 g/l and more

413.         nWhich symptom isn’t characteristic for isolated urine syndrome during nacute glomerulonephritis:

A.    Proteinuria

B.    Erythrocyturia

C.    Cylindruria

D.    Absence of extra renal nsigns

E.     * Leucocyturia

414.         nWhich investigation is demonstrates the concentration function of nkidneys?

A.    General analysis of nurine

B.    Analysis of urine by nNechiporenko

C.    Ultrasound investigatioof kidneys

D.    Biochemical analysis of nblood

E.     * Analysis of urine by nZimnitskiy

415.         nWhich sign does give information about the damaging of function of nkidneys?

A.    Hypoproteinemia

B.    Proteinuria

C.    Hyperlipidemia

D.    Hyperglycemia

E.     * Asotemia

416.         nThe main criterion of hematuric form of chronic glomerulonephritis is:

A.    Arterial hypertension

B.    Proteinuria

C.    Cylindruria

D.    Leucocyturia

E.     * Hematuria

417.         nSevere edema syndrome is most characteristic for:

A.    Nephritic syndrome

B.    Mixed form of chronic nglomerulonephritis

C.    Hematuric form

D.    Isolated urinary nsyndrome

E.     * Nephrotic syndrome

418.         nWhat is the reason of pain during glomerulonephritis:

A.    Inflammation syndrome

B.    Stagnation of urine

C.    Physical exertion

D.    Hematuria

E.     * Enlargement of capsules nof kidneys

419.         nWhich medicine do we use during pathogenetical treatment of nephritic nvariant of lomerulonephritis?

A.    Reserpin

B.    Lasix

C.    Tavegil

D.    Delagil

E.     * Prednisolone

420.         nWhich dose of indometacin is use for treatment of nephritic variant of nglomerulonephritis?

A.    1-2 mg/kg/day

B.    3 – 5 mg/kg/day

C.    0,5 – 1 mg/kg/day

D.    0,8 – 1 mg/kg/day

E.     * 2-3 mg/kg/day

421.         nIt is nessesary to prescribe imunosupressors during acute nglomerulonephritis in the case of:

A.    Suddenly beginning of ndisease

B.    Severe proteinuria

C.    The absence of effect nfrom the treatment of prednisolone during 3-4 weeks in the case of nephritic nvariant

D.    The damaging of nfunctions of kidneys at the beginning of disease

E.     * The absence of effect nfrom the treatment of prednisolone during 3-4 weeks in the case of nephrotic nvariant

422.         nSevere edema syndrome is more characteristic for:

A.    Myocarditis

B.    Pyelonephritis

C.    Kidney stones disease

D.    Cystitis

E.     * Glomerulonephritis

423.         nThe Zimnitski test of urine gives information about:

A.    Bacteruria

B.    Leucocyturia

C.    Erithrocyturia

D.    Glucosuria

E.     * Concentration function

424.         nWhich from these products are eliminated in a diet 7?

A.    Rice

B.    Porridge

C.    Vegetable puree

D.    Egg

E.     * Meat

425.         nWhat from diseases more frequent can result in development of chronic nkidney insufficiency?

A.    Kidney stones disease

B.    Metabolic nephropathies

C.    Reflux

D.    Oxalaturia

E.     * Glomerulonephritis nchronic

426.         nThe middle age dose of lasix is:

A.    4-5 mg/kg/day

B.    10 mg/kg/day

C.    0,5-1 mg/kg/day

D.    0,5mg/kg/day

E.     * 1-2 mg/kg/day

427.         nWhat test is used to confirm filtration function of kidneys?

A.    Urinanalysis

B.    Nechiporenco

C.    Zimnitski test

D.    Rebergs test

E.     * Creatinine clerance ntest

428.         nThe most frequent complication of hereditary nephropathy is:

A.    ARF

B.    Pyelonephrosis

C.    Nephrolithiasis

D.    Amiloidosis of kidneys

E.     * CRF

429.         nThe development of hereditary nephropathy is often associated with:

A.    Sex chromosome nabnormality

B.    Chronic inflammatory ndiseases of the mother

C.    Measles of pregnant nwomen

D.    Change of the number of nchromosomes

E.     * Gene mutations

430.         nWhat is Alport syndrome?

A.    Cystic kidneys

B.    Hereditary nephritis nwithout deafness

C.    Renal diabetes

D.    Embryonic kidney tumor

E.     * Hereditary nephritis nwith deafness

431.         nWhat kidney disease is disease with chromosomal aberrations?

A.    Hereditary nephritis

B.    Primary tubulopathy

C.    Secondary tutulopathy

D.    Renal amyloidosis

E.     * Cystic kidneys

432.         nDisease caused by gene mutations is:

A.    Primary tubulopathy

B.    Secondary tubulopathy

C.    Renal amyloidosis

D.    Cystic kidneys

E.     * Hereditary nephritis

433.         nSecondary tubulopathy is observed at:

A.    Phosphate-diabetes

B.    Tubulyar renal acidosis

C.    Disease de nToni-Debrae-Fanconi

D.    Hereditary nephritis

E.     * Galaktozemia

434.         nHereditary nephritis is inherited by:

A.    Recessive type, nconnected with the X chromosome

B.    Dominant type, connected nwith Y chromosome

C.    Recessive type, nconnected with Y chromosome

D.    Autosomal recessive type

E.     * Dominant type, nconnected with the X chromosome

435.         nThe basis of the pathogenesis of hereditary nephritis is:

A.    Inflammatory process iglomerulars

B.    Violation of nintravascular coagulation in glomerular capillaries

C.    Failure of proximal ntubules in reabsorbtion of bicarbonates

D.    Violation of the process nin tubular transport

E.     * Dysembriogenesis of nconnective tissue

436.         nMost distinctive feature of the initial period of hereditary nephritis nis:

A.    Leukocyturia

B.    Bacteriuria

C.    Oxaluria

D.    Uraturia

E.     * Microhematuria

437.         nWhat symptom is observed at initial period of hereditary nephritis?

A.    Hypertension

B.    Polyuria

C.    Oliguria

D.    Edema

E.     * Vascular hypotension

438.         nHereditary nephritis with deafness is called:

A.    Disease-de Toni- Debrae- nFanconi

B.    Berger’s disease

C.    Harnupa disease

D.    Leu syndrome

E.     * Alport syndrome

439.         nWhich extrarenal signs do point the possibility of hereditary nephritis nat presence of urinary syndrome?

A.    Edema of legs

B.    Skin edema

C.    Increased AP

D.    Haemorrhagic rash

E.     * Stigmes of ndyzembriogenesis

440.         nThe diagnostic criterion of hereditary nephritis does not include:

A.    Urinary Syndrome

B.    Deafness

C.    Dysmorphies

D.    Similar illness ifamily

E.     * Prior tonsillaties

441.         nFor urinary syndrome at hereditary nephritis is not typical:

A.    Microhematuria

B.    Poteinuria

C.    Macrohematuria

D.    Cylindruria

E.     * Bacteriuria

442.         nWhat is not characteristic for hereditary nephritis?

A.    Arterial hypotension

B.    Hematuria

C.    Proteinuria

D.    Dyzmorphies

E.     * Edema

443.         nThe main criterion of differential diagnose of hereditary nephritis is:

A.    Hematuria

B.    Proteinuria

C.    Previous renal colic nattacks

D.    Hypertension

E.     * Genetic anamnesis

444.         nAt hereditary nephritis connection of bacterial infection in childreleads to:

A.    Azotemia

B.    Cylindruria

C.    Hypoproteinemia

D.    Crystaluria

E.     * Piuria

445.         nThe main role in etiology of pielonephritis plays:

A.    Viruses

B.    Micoplasma

C.    Parasites

D.    Fungi

E.     * Bacteria

446.         nWhat from such drugs is not used at treatment of acute pyelonephritis?

A.    Antibiotics

B.    Uroseptics

C.    Antiinflamation drugs

D.    Diet

E.     * Hormones

447.         nWhat from such drugs is ineffective at treatment of pyelonephritis?

A.    Ampicillin

B.    Amicin

C.    Cefatoxin

D.    Loracin

E.     * Levomicetin

448.         nWhat from these signs do not present at pyelonephritis?

A.    Leucocytosis

B.    Leucocyturia

C.    Little proteinuria

D.    Bacteriuria

E.     * Hematuria

449.         nWhat sign gives information about the damaging of kidneys function?

A.    Hypoproteinemia

B.    Proteinuria

C.    Hyperlipidemia

D.    Hyperglycemia

E.     * Azotemia

450.         nIn oxalaturia it is necessary to eliminate from ration: 

A.    Potatoes

B.    Cabbage

C.    Pea

D.    Mushrooms

E.     * Sorrel

451.         nWhat diet it is necessary prescribe during acute pyelonephritis?

A.    1

B.    2

C.    3

D.    7

E.     * 5

452.         nThe main sign of pielonephritis is:

A.    n*Leukocyturia

B.    Hematuria

C.    Erythrocyturia

D.    Proteinuria

E.     nCylindruria

453.         nExcretory urographia allows to estimate:

A.    State of nephrons

B.    Functional state of nurinary tract

C.    State of urinary bladder

D.    Functional state of nurodinamics

E.     * Anatomical state of nurinary tract and urodinamics

454.         nAt what pathology ultrasound research is most informing?

A.    Hydronephrotic ntransformation

B.    Glomerulonephritis

C.    Pielonephritis

D.    Cystitis

E.     * Kidney tumor

455.         nWhat is predispositive factor of the development bladder-urether-pelvis nreflux in children?

A.    Intravesicular nobstruction

B.    Neurogenic dysfunctioof urine bladder

C.    Recanalization iviolation of urethers in  embriogenesis

D.    All transferred

E.     * Anatomic immaturity of nurether orifice

456.         nWhat is the etiologic factor of primary tubulopathy?

A.    Microbs

B.    Reflux

C.    Anatomic anomaly of nkidney

D.    Insufficiency of npodotcytes

E.     * Violation of membrane nsubstances inrenal tubules

457.         n?Weight deficit 10 – 20% is typical for:

A.    2nd degree malnutrition

B.    3rd degree of nmalnutrition

C.    eutrophia

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * 1st degree malnutritio

458.         nWeight deficit 21 – 30% is typical for:

A.    1st degree malnutrition

B.    3rd degree of nmalnutrition

C.    eutrophia

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * 2nd degree malnutritio

459.         nWhich of the following pathogenic mechanisms occur at chronic nobstructive pyelonephritis in hildren?

A.    Immune damage of the nglomerular capillaries of the kidneys

B.    Fatty degeneration of nthe epithelium of tubules

C.    Reflux

D.    All transferred

E.     * Malformations of the nurinary system, impeding outflow of urine

460.         nWhich of the following symptoms are typical for acute pyelonephritis ichildren?

A.    Proteinuria more than 3g n/ day

B.    Macrohematuria and nbacteriuria

C.    Microhematuria and nbacteriuria

D.    Microhematuria and nproteinuria

E.     * Pyuria and bacteriuria

461.         nWhat system of organism is damaged first of all at renal failure?

A.    Cardiovascular

B.    CNS

C.    Digestive

D.    Respiratory

E.     * All equally

462.         nWhat symptom is uncommon at cystitis in children?

A.    Fever

B.    Vomiting or diarrhea

C.    Crying, going off feeds nand generally unwell

D.    Appear to be in pain

E.     * Blood in urine

463.         nWhat is the main feature of urine infection in children?

A.    Leucocyturia

B.    Erythrocyturia

C.    Cylindruria

D.    All transferred

E.     * Bacteriuria

464.         nThe main task of therapy of acute cystitis in children should be ndirected to:

A.    The elimination of pain

B.    Normalization of nurination disorders

C.    Elimination of nmicrobial-inflammatory process in the bladder

D.    Liquidation of spasms

E.     * All transferred    

465.         nUrethritis almost always occurs in children:

A.    First year old

B.    Preschoolers

C.    14-17 years old

D.    Of all age groups

E.     * Before puberty

466.         nWhat is not characteristic for urethritis in children?

A.    Discomfort, stinging, or nburning when urinating

B.    Feeling an urgent and nfrequent need to urinate

C.    Itching in the genital narea 

D.    Pain in the genital area

E.     * Fever

467.         nWhat are the main causes of urethritis in children?

A.    Irritation by chemicals nin bubble bath

B.    Shampoo left on the ngenital area

C.    Soap left on the genital narea

D.    Urinary tract infections

E.     * All transferred

468.         nPyelonephritis is distinguishing from low urinary infection by:

A.    Fever more than 38,5°С

B.    Leukocytosis and nincreasing of ESR

C.    Increasing of nconcentration function of kidneys

D.    Proteinuria and naminoaciduria

E.     * All transferred

469.         nThe main symptom of chronic bronchitis is:

A.    Hyperthermia

B.    Wheezing

C.    Dyspnea

D.    Intoxication

E.     * Prolonged cough

470.         nWhat is the most important reason of all organs and systems dysfunctioin chronic lung disease in children?

A.    Surfactant deficiency

B.    Intoxication

C.    Hemodynamic disorders

D.    Immunity impairment

E.     * Hypoxia

471.         nWhat symptom is the sign of the continuous hypoxemia?

A.    Cyanosis of nasolabial ntriangle

B.    Acrocyanosis

C.    Wet cough in the morning n

D.    Total cyanosis

E.     * Deformation of the nterminal phalanges as “drumsticks” and “watch glasses”

472.         nWhat are the auscultation signs of chronic lung disease in children?

A.    A variety of wheezes

B.    A variety of dry and moist nrales

C.    Amphoric breathing

D.    Crepitation

E.     * Permanent local fine nrales

473.         nWhat X-ray changes are characteristic for chronic lung disease ichildren?

A.    Infiltration of lung ntissue in basal areas

B.    Lung tissue infiltratioon the tops of the lungs

C.    Availability of cavities

D.    Scanty lung pattern

E.     * Increased and ndeformation of the lung pattern

474.         nWhat is the leading component of complex treatment of chronic lung ndisease in children?

A.    Antibacterial therapy

B.    General stimulatiotherapy

C.    Therapeutic feeding

D.    Immune therapy

E.     * Restoration of nbronchial drainage function

475.         nFinal diagnose of pulmonary hypoplasia is based on:

A.    Bronchoscopy

B.    X-ray examination

C.    US observation of lungs

D.    CT-scan

E.     * Bronchography

476.         nWhat is NOT typical for lung agenesia?

A.    Cyanosis

B.    The heart is shifted ntowards the lesion

C.    On the lesion side nthorax is flattened, and the healthy half is convex

D.    Nail n”drumsticks” on phalanges

E.     * On the lesion side nthorax is convex, and the healthy half is flattened

477.         nThe incidence of lung hypoplasia is higher in:

A.    Big birth weight infants

B.    Low birth weight infants

C.    Newborns after npathological pregnancy

D.    Newborns after npathological delivery

E.     * Preterm infants

478.         nPulmonary hypoplasia occurs as a result of:

A.    Oligohydramnios

B.    Potter’s syndrome

C.    Abnormalities of the nthoracic cage

D.    Diaphragmatic hernia

E.     * All mentioned above

479.         nWhat does predominate in the clinical presentation of cystic adenomatous nmalformation?

A.    Hypoxia

B.    Respiratory acidosis

C.    Arrhythmic respiration

D.    Respiratory failure

E.     * Disturbance of the nbronchial drainage function

480.         nWhat examinations are the most important in cystic adenomatous nmalformation?

A.    Chest X-ray and CT-scan

B.    Bronchoscopy and chest nX-ray

C.    Chest X-ray and nbronchography

D.    Bronchoscopy and nbronchography

E.     * CT-scan and nbronchography

481.         nWhat complication may occur at cystic adenomatous malformation?

A.    Infection

B.    Hemorrhage

C.    Acute respiratory nfailure

D.    Neoplastic ntransformation

E.     * All mentioned above

482.         nChoose the wrong statement about cystic adenomatous malformation?

A.    Cysts may be filled with nair or fluid

B.    Cysts arise from aabnormal budding of the ventral foregut

C.    Such complications as ninfection, hemorrhage, and malignancy can occur

D.    Dysphagia and epigastric ndiscomfort can occur

E.     * Cysts caot be nasymptomatic

483.         nWhat is not characteristic for cystic adenomatous malformation?

A.    Dullness of percussiosounds

B.    Respiratory failure

C.    Auscultation with the nweakening of breath

D.    Wheezing of various nsizes

E.     * Dry rales

484.         nWhat is pulmonary sequestration?

A.    Increasing of the number nof lobes

B.    Increasing of the mass nof lobes

C.    Histological changes of nlung tissue

D.    Intralobar malformation

E.     * Benign mass of nnon-functioning lung tissue

485.         nWhat is the predominant localization of pulmonary sequestration?

A.    Left upper lobe

B.    Right lower lobe

C.    Right upper lobe

D.    Right middle lobe

E.     * Left lower lobe

486.         nWhat is NOT typical for pulmonary sequestration?

A.    Chronic cough

B.    Recurrent pneumonias

C.    Poor exercise resistance

D.    Congestive cardiac nfailure

E.     * Pain in the chest

487.         nWhat is the reason of chronic cough in children with pulmonary nsequestration?

A.    Compression of the lung ntissue

B.    Decreased mucociliary nclearance

C.    Disturbance of the ndrainage function

D.    All mentioned above

E.     * Recurrent respiratory ntract infections

488.         nChoose the gastrointestinal sign of pulmonary sequestration?

A.    Vomiting

B.    Failure to thrive

C.    Abdominal pain

D.    Poor appetite

E.     * All mentioned above

489.         nWhat is the main distinguishing feature of sequestration of the lung?

A.    Progressive respiratory nfailure

B.    Chronic cough

C.    Recurrent respiratory ntract infections

D.    Small bubbling (moist) nrales

E.     * Additional large vessel

490.         nThe main diagnostic value at sequestration of the lung has:

A.    Bronchoscopy

B.    X-ray

C.    Bronchography

D.    CT

E.     * Angiography

491.         nChoose the wrong statement about surgical treatment at sequestration of nthe lung:

A.    Can be recommended for nasymptomatic patients

B.    Is obligatory after ndiagnostics

C.    Is recommended icompression of normal lung mass

D.    It is preventive measure n

E.     * Should be performed nonly in patients with recurrent infections

492.         nWhat is the main distinguishing clinical feature of Mounier-Kuhsyndrome tracheobronchomegaly)?

A.    Attacks of spasmodic ncough

B.    Dry unproductive cough

C.    Wet unproductive cough

D.    Dry cough

E.     * Brassy paroxismal cough n

493.         nWhat is the main distinguishing clinical feature of ntracheobronchomegaly?

A.    Spasmodic cough

B.    Dry unproductive cough

C.    Wet unproductive cough

D.    Dry productive cough

E.     * Brassy paroxismal cough n

494.         nWhat auscultation data are characteristic for tracheobronchomegaly?

A.    Fine moist rales

B.    Crepitation

C.    Dry rales

D.    All mentioned above

E.     * Variety of wheezing

495.         nChoose the best method of tracheobronchomegaly diagnostics?

A.    Chest x-ray

B.    Chest ultrasound

C.    Chest CT-scan

D.    Angiography

E.     * Bronchoscopy

496.         nChoose the synonym of the Williams– Campbell syndrome:

A.    Tracheobronchomegaly

B.    Sclerotic changes in the nperibronchial tissues

C.    Deformation of trachea nand bronchi

D.    Expansion of the lumeof the trachea and main bronchi

E.     * Congenital generalized nbronchiectasis

497.         nWhat is the reason of Williams– Campbell syndrome?

A.    Bronchial muscular ndefect

B.    Mucociliary clearance ninsufficiency

C.    Atrophy of the nlongitudinal elastic fibres

D.    Disturbance of the nbronchial drainage function

E.     * Bronchial cartilage ndefect

498.         nWhat is the typical localization of pathological process at Williams– nCampbell syndrome?

A.    Upper lobes of lungs

B.    Middle lobe of right nlung

C.    Mediastinum

D.    Trachea

E.     * Low lobes of lungs

499.         nChoose RIGHT statement about Williams– Campbell syndrome.

A.    The clinical signs are ntypical for bronchial obstruction

B.    Bronchopulmonary infectiois frequent symptom

C.    The pathological process nbecomes chronic always

D.    Is typical chest ndeformation

E.     * All is correct

500.         nChoose WRONG statement about Williams– Campbell syndrome.

A.    The clinical signs are ntypical for bronchial obstruction

B.    Bronchopulmonary infectiois frequent symptom

C.    The pathological process nbecomes chronic always

D.    Is typical chest ndeformation

E.     * All is correct

501.         nChoose the best method of Williams– Campbell syndrome diagnostics?

A.    Chest x-ray

B.    Chest ultrasound

C.    CT-scan

D.    Angiography

E.     * Bronchography

502.         nChoose the WRONG statement about congenital lobar emphysema:

A.    Respiratory ninsufficiency can develop immediately after birth

B.    Surgical treatment is nnecessary

C.    Can be diagnosed with nthe help of chest x-ray

D.    Is typical absence or nhypoplasia of bronchi cartilages at the part of lung

E.     * There is abundant nanomaly

503.         nCyanosis, shortness of breath, coughing, choking during breastfeeding is nthe most typical for:

A.    Atresia of the esophagus

B.    Tracheobronchomegalia

C.    Atonia of esophagus

D.    Cogenital achalasia of nesophagus

E.     * Tracheoesophageal and nbronchoesophageal fistulas

504.         nWhat type of inheritance is characteristic for Kartagener syndrome?

A.    Autosomal dominant

B.    X-linked dominant

C.    X-linked recessive

D.    Y-linked

E.     * Autosomal recessive

505.         nHamman-Rich syndrome is characterized by:

A.    Bronchial agenesia

B.    Tracheobronchomegalia

C.    Bronchial aplasia

D.    All is correct

E.     * Rapidly progressive ndiffuse pulmonary fibrosis

506.         nWhat main treatment is used at Hamman-Rich syndrome?

A.    Antibiotics

B.    Bronchodilatators

C.    Expectorants

D.    Surgical

E.     * Corticosteroids

507.         nWhat changes in biochemical blood analysis are typical for the nidiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis:

A.    Hypoproteinemia and nhypobilirubinemia

B.    Increased level of ndirect bilirubin and transaminases

C.    Decreased level of serum niron and hypoproteinemia

D.    Increased level of serum niron and hypobilirubinemia

E.     * Decreased level of nserum iron and increased level of indirect bilirubin

508.         nTreatment of idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis includes:

A.    Oxygen therapy

B.    Glucocorticoids

C.    Cytostatics

D.    Deferoxamine

E.     * All mentioned above

509.         nWhat type of inheritance is characteristic for primary pulmonary nhypertension?

A.    Autosomal recessive

B.    Y-linked

C.    X-linked recessive

D.    X-linked dominant

E.     * Autosomal dominant

510.         nWhat type of inheritance is characteristic for cystic fibrosis?

A.    Autosomal dominant

B.    Y-linked

C.    X-linked recessive

D.    X-linked dominant

E.     * Autosomal recessive

511.         nWhat form of cystic fibrosis is typical only for newborns?

A.    Pulmonary

B.    Enteric

C.    Mixed 

D.    Edematous-anemic

E.     * Meconium ileus

512.         nWhat medicines are the basic in the cystic fibrosis treatment?

A.    Antibiotics

B.    Mycolitics

C.    Cytostatics

D.    Glucocorticoids

E.     * Enzymes

513.         nThe criterion of acute glomerulonephritis  transition in a chronic form is saving of nclinical-laboratory signs longer than:

A.    6 months

B.    3 months

C.    6 weeks

D.    9 months

E.     * 1 year

514.         nWeight deficiency more than 30% is typical for:

A.    1st degree malnutrition

B.    2nd degree malnutrition

C.    eutrophia

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * 3rd degree of nmalnutrition

515.         nParatrofia is manifested by:

A.    decreased body weight nproportionally to the length

B.    increased body weight istunted growth

C.    decreased body weight nwith an accelerated growth

D.    everything is correct

E.     * increased body weight nproportionally to the length

516.         nParatrofia is manifested by:

A.    reduction of nsubcutaneous fat

B.    reduced skin elasticity

C.    increased soft tissues nturgor 

D.    everything is correct

E.     * increased subcutaneous nfat

517.         nIn the biochemical analysis of blood ща сhild with nmalnutrition will be:

A.    hyperglycemia

B.    hypercalcemia

C.    hyperalbuminemia

D.    everything is correct

E.     * hypoproteinemia

518.         nIn coprogram of child with malnutrition will be detected signs of:

A.    hyperenzymopathy

B.    inflammation

C.    worms invasion

D.    erythrocytes

E.     * hypoenzymopathy

519.         nThe main cause of malnutrition

A.    enzymopathy

B.    pneumonia

C.    rickets

D.    dysbacteriosis

E.     * inadequate dietary nintake

520.         nCommon form of malnutrition is:

A.    spasmophylia

B.    thrombocytopenia

C.    hypoplastic anemia

D.    everything is correct

E.     * iron deficiency

521.         nBody temperature in children with severe malnutrition is:

A.    increased

B.    normal

C.    subfebrile

D.    hectic

E.     * decreased

522.         nFor severe malnutrition is typical:

A.    weight-length ncoefficient is 60

B.    trophy index is 0

C.    irritability of the nchild

D.    weight loss is 10-20%

E.     * “Old man” nface

523.         nTherapeutic feeding for children with malnutrition:

A.    diet according to the nage

B.    diet, taking into naccount the concomitant disease

C.    diet with adapted nformulas

D.    diet with maladapted nformulas

E.     * rejuvenation food

524.         nHow many days does the period of tolerance to food last in mild nmalnutrition?

A.    1 – 5 days

B.    7 days

C.    10 days

D.    everything is correct

E.     * 1 – 3 days

525.         nWhy is not good to give full food volume for the child with nmalnutrition?

A.    Because of nhyperenzymopathy

B.    Because of dyspancreatysm n

C.    Because of poor appetite n

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * Because of nhypoenzymopathy

526.         nName principles of nutrition in malnutrition:

A.    diet, taking into naccount the concomitant disease and cause of malnutrition

B.    diet, taking into naccount children’s age and cause of malnutrition

C.    diet using adopted nformulas and age of the child

D.    maximum feeding

E.     * tolerance to food nestablishment and food rejuvenation

527.         nWhat does the principle of two-phase feeding mean?

A.    establishment of ntolerance to food and the maximum feeding

B.    establishment of ntolerance to food and minimum feeding

C.    establishment of ntolerance to food and breastfeeding

D.    maximum feeding

E.     * establishment of ntolerance to food and optimal feeding

528.         nUsing of pancreatic enzymes is appropriate:

A.    1 hour before the meal

B.    after the meal

C.    1 hour after the meal

D.    before eating

E.     * during the meal

529.         nChoose the Drug for replacement therapy in case of malnutrition:

A.    pentoxyl

B.    apylac

C.    thiotriazoline

D.    glucose

E.     * pancreatin

530.         nName peculiarities of the diet in paratrophia:

A.    protein restriction

B.    restriction of vitamins

C.    increase in fat

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * reduce of carbohydrate

531.         nThe aim of probiotics therapy:

A.    for correcting the oral ncavity microflora

B.    for correcting the nbronchial microflora

C.    to fight infection

D.    everything is correct

E.     * for correcting the nintestinal microflora 

532.         nChoose bacterial drugs (probiotics):

A.    pancreatin

B.    clarithromycin

C.    penthoxyl

D.    everything is correct

E.     * linex

533.         nThe main clinical syndromes of diarrhea are:

A.    dyspepsia, dehydration, nbleeding

B.    dyspepsia, endotoxemia, nportal hypertension

C.    constipation, nendotoxemia, dehydration

D.    everything is correct

E.     * dyspepsia, dehydration, nendotoxemia

534.         nDyspeptic syndrome includes:

A.    constipation, nflatulence, fatigue

B.    fever, vomiting, njaundice

C.    vomiting, constipation, njaundice

D.    diarrhea, fever, njaundice

E.     * diarrhea, flatulence, nvomiting

535.         nWhich symptoms belongs to the clinical syndromes of enzymopathy?

A.    hepatosplenomegaly

B.    swelling of the brain

C.    renal failure

D.    everything is correct

E.     * dehydration

536.         nChoose drug, which is used for rehydration:

A.    lypofundin

B.    jelatynol

C.    alvezin

D.    rheopolyglucine

E.     * 5% glucose solution

537.         nChoose drug, which is used for detoxication

A.    alvezin

B.    acesol

C.    lypofundin

D.    potassium chloride

E.     * rheosorbilact

538.         nIt is advisable to give When diarrhea :

A.    glucocorticoids

B.    membrane stabilizatiomedicine

C.    vitamins

D.    antibiotics

E.     * enterosorbents

539.         nCiprofloxacin belongs to:

A.    macrolides

B.    cephalosporins

C.    aminoglycosides

D.    penicillins

E.     * fluoroquinolones

540.         nThe daily dose of ciprofloxacin to the child is:

A.    5 – 10 mg / kg

B.    15 – 20 mg / kg

C.    20 – 25 mg / kg

D.    30 – 40 mg / kg

E.     * 10 – 15 mg / kg

541.         nThe daily dose of cephalosporin to the child is:

A.    100 – 150 mg / kg

B.    150 – 200 mg / kg

C.    200 – 250 mg / kg

D.    10 – 30 mg / kg

E.     * 50 – 100 mg / kg

542.         nDehydration syndrome includes:

A.    polyuria

B.    edema

C.    bulging large fontanel

D.    everything is correct

E.     * loss of body weight

543.         nHypertonic dehydration is characterized by:

A.    normal body temperature

B.    hypothermia

C.    sleepiness

D.    everything is correct

E.     * hyperthermia

544.         nHypertonic dehydration is characterized by:

A.    sodium levels are normal n

B.    chloropenia

C.    reduced hematocrit

D.    decreased urine ndensity 

E.     * increased urine ndensity 

545.         nChoose indications for the antibiotic therapy in case of diarrhea:

A.    dyspnea

B.    convulsions

C.    hyperthermia

D.    vomiting

E.     * pathological admixtures nin feces

546.         nHow many fluid does healthy infant need per day?

A.    60 – 100 ml/kg

B.    110 – 120 ml/kg

C.    100 – 110 ml/kg

D.    120-130 ml/kg

E.     * 130 – 150 ml/kg

547.         nHow many fluid does infant with severe dehydratioeed per day? 

A.    150 – 160 ml

B.    170 – 180 ml

C.    100 – 120 ml

D.    50 – 100 ml

E.     * 200 – 220 ml

548.         nWhat ratio of salt and water solutions for infant with hypotonic ndehydration should be?

A.    2: 1

B.    3: 1

C.    4: 1

D.    1: 2

E.     * 1: 1

549.         nName the most common cause of acute bronchitis

A.    fungi

B.    bacteria

C.    helminth

D.    enzymopathy

E.     * viruses

550.         nRS-infection often causes bronchiolitis in:

A.    preschoolers

B.    toddlers

C.    school age children

D.    teens

E.     * infants

551.         nHelminth infection is often the cause of bronchitis in:

A.    infants

B.    toddlers

C.    adolescents

D.    school age children

E.     * preschoolers

552.         nThe main symptoms of acute bronchitis is:

A.    sore throat

B.    running nose

C.    dyspnea

D.    fever

E.     * cough

553.         nThe typical auscultatory sing of acute bronchitis is:

A.    weakened vesicular nbreathing

B.    puerile breathing

C.    local whezing  

D.    local rales

E.     * harsh breathing

554.         nIn what age group of children bronchitis is more often?

A.    infants

B.    newborns

C.    toddlers

D.    teens 

E.     * preschoolers

555.         nA typical percussion sign of acute bronchitis is:

A.    shortening of pulmonary nsound in the upper parts of the lungs

B.    shortening of pulmonary nsound in the lower parts of the lungs

C.    shortening of the lung nsound all over the lungs

D.    local tympanic sound

E.     * clear lung sound

556.         nWhat degree of respiratory failure severity is the most often in acute nbronchitis?

A.    1st degree

B.    2nd degree

C.    3rd degree

D.    everything is correct

E.     * 0 degree

557.         nRadiological signs of acute bronchitis are:

A.    symmetrical attenuatioof lung pattern

B.    symmetrical namplification pattern of lung with small focal hilar infiltration

C.    symmetrical namplification pattern of lung in hilar and lowermedial zones

D.    symmetrical attenuatioof bases of lungs

E.     * symmetrical namplification of lung pattern

558.         nTypical changes in Common blood test of patients with acute bronchitis:

A.    significant leucopenia

B.    moderate nleucocytosis 

C.    significant nleucocytosis, accelerated erythrocyte sedimentation rate

D.    anemia

E.     * leucopenia, nlymphocytosis

559.         nEtiotropic therapy of viral infection in the acute bronchitis is more neffective when it was given:

A.    no effective

B.    for 5-7 days

C.    throughout the disease

D.    after 7th day  of disease

E.     * in the first 2 days of nillness

560.         nThe effectiveness of expectorants in acute bronchitis depends on:

A.    appointment of antiviral ndrugs

B.    appointment of nantihistamines

C.    appointment of vitamins

D.    everything is correct

E.     * sufficient drinking

561.         nTypically, recurrent bronchitis exacerbation is absent in:

A.    spring

B.    winter

C.    autumn

D.    everything is correct

E.     * summer

562.         nWhat is a dominating symptom In clinical exacerbation of recurrent nbronchitis?

A.    intoxication

B.    dyspnea

C.    running nose

D.    everything is correct

E.     * cough

563.         nCough with recurrent bronchitis exacerbation is more severe:

A.    at night

B.    by the day

C.    in the evening

D.    everything is correct

E.     * in the morning

564.         nPercussion in patients with recurrent bronchitis exacerbation reveals:

A.    clear lung sound

B.    shortening of sound ithe lower parts

C.    clear sound with a short nbandbox between the scapulas

D.    everything is correct

E.     * bandbox sound

565.         nIn acute obstructive bronchitis, auscultation reveals:

A.    weakened breathing

B.    only prolonged nexpiration

C.    small bubbling rales ndiffusely

D.    small bubbling rales nlocally

E.     * dry rales, medium nbubbling rales on inspiration, prolonged expiration

566.         nBronchoscopy in recurrent bronchitis exacerbation reveals:

A.    diffuse changes in the nform of mucosal atrophy

B.    diffuse changes in the nform of mucosal hyperemia

C.    local changes of nbronchial mucosa

D.    everything is correct

E.     * diffuse changes in the nform of mucosal hyperemia, thickening of the bronchial walls and mucous nsecretion

567.         nBronchoscopy in remission of recurrent bronchitis reveals:

A.    hyperemia of the nbronchial mucosa

B.    atrophy of the bronchial nmucosa

C.    normal bronchial mucosa

D.    everything is correct

E.     * granulation obronchial mucosa

568.         nThe main treatment of recurrent bronchitis is:

A.    toxicosis liquidation

B.    antiviral treatment

C.    dehydration liquidation

D.    everything is correct

E.     * decrease of bronchial nobstruction

569.         nIn the treatment of acute recurrent bronchitis postural drainage is nbetter to use:

A.    after breakfast

B.    in the afternoon

C.    at bedtime

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * after awakening

570.         nDuration of antibiotic therapy in patients with recurrent bronchitis nexacerbation is:

A.    14 days

B.    21 days

C.    28 days

D.    everything is correct

E.     * 7 days

571.         nRecurrent bronchitis, which lasts more than 5 years, is a harbinger of:

A.    asthma

B.    scoliosis

C.    polyhypovitaminosis

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * chronic bronchitis

572.         nThe main symptom of chronic bronchitis is:

A.    running nose

B.    fever

C.    dyspnea

D.    everything is correct

E.     * persistent cough

573.         nName the criteria for chronic bronchitis:

A.    stable localized nwheezing in the lungs

B.    wet cough

C.    recurrent exacerbations

D.    everything is correct

E.     * diffuse non-permanent nrales in the lungs

574.         nThe most typical symptom of bronchiectasis is:

A.    inspiratory dyspnea

B.    expiratory dyspnea

C.    dry cough nadsadisty

D.    everything is correct

E.     * cough

575.         nThe final diagnosis of bronchiectasis needs:

A.    spirography

B.    bronchoscopy

C.    X-ray of the chest

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * bronchography

576.         nIn chronic bronchitis are affected:

A.    bronchi

B.    lung parenchyma

C.    alveoli

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * all the structures of nthe bronchopulmonary system

577.         nThe thorax in children with chronic bronchitis is:

A.    cylinder

B.    conical

C.    unmodified

D.    everything is correct

E.     * asymmetric

578.         nWhich of the symptoms indicate prolonged hypoxemia?

A.    productive cough, more nin the morning

B.    hyperhidrosis

C.    perynasal cyanosis

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * clubbing fingers

579.         nWhich of the auscultatory signs indicate chronic respiratory pathology?

A.    variety of wheezing and nmoist rales

B.    local small bubbling nrales

C.    “amphora” nbreath

D.    everything is correct

E.     * constant variety of nrales

580.         nSecondary chronic pneumonia develops:

A.    in the presence of  bronchial “foreign body”

B.    1 month after acute npneumonia

C.    on the basis of reduced nimmunity

D.    everything is correct

E.     * on the background of nsystemic and inherited pulmonary diseases  n

581.         nWhat is the lead point for the integrated treatment of chronic nbronchopulmonary pathology in children?

A.    antibacterial therapy

B.    general-stimulatiotherapy

C.    nutritional care

D.    everything is correct

E.     * renewal of the nbronchial drainage

582.         nWhat is the dose of penicillins to children with chronic nbronchopulmonary pathology?

A.    50 – 100 thousand IU / nkg / day

B.    100 – 200 thousand IU / nkg / day

C.    300 – 500 thousand IU / nkg / day

D.    10 – 25 thousand IU / kg n/ day

E.     * 100 – 150 thousand IU / nkg / day

583.         nWhat is the most effective route of antibacterial drugs administratioin patients with chronic respiratory pathology?

A.    intravenous

B.    endobronchial

C.    intramuscular

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * intraorganic nelectrophoresis

584.         nWhat is the duration of antibiotic therapy to children with chronic nbronchopulmonary pathology?

A.    2 months

B.    7 – 14 days

C.    1 month

D.    everything is correct

E.     * 14 – 21 days

585.         nWhat dose of aminophylline (euphylline) is used for intraorganic nelectrophoresis?

A.    5 – 7 mg / kg

B.    2 – 3 mg / kg

C.    9 – 11 mg / kg

D.    15 – 20 mg / kg

E.     * 3 – 5 mg / kg

586.         n?What is the requirement to inhalatory antibiotics, which are used for nchildren with chronic bronchopulmonary pathology?

A.    minimal sensitization of nchildren

B.    wide range of activity

C.    selective effect oGram-positive flora

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * good solution in water

587.         nWhen (after exacerbation of chronic broncho-pulmonary pathology) nchildren may be sent to the resort treatment?

A.    In 1 month

B.    Directly into the second nstage

C.    In 6 months

D.    In 3 weeks

E.     * In 3 months

588.         nWhich investigation is mandatory in patients with chronic respiratory npathology?

A.    X-ray of the chest

B.    spirometry

C.    fluorography

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * bronchography

589.         nWhat radiological changes are characteristic for chronic bronchopulmonary npathology in children?

A.    infiltration of lung ntissue in the basal zones

B.    infiltration of lung ntissue on the tips of the lungs

C.    presence of n”bullas”

D.    everything is correct

E.     * amplification and ndistortion of lung pattern

590.         nThe main cause of croup is:

A.    bacterial infections

B.    fungal infections

C.    parasitic lesions

D.    everything is correct

E.     * viral infections

591.         nAmong the viruses that cause croup, the first place has:

A.    Adenovirus

B.    Influenza virus

C.    RS- virus

D.    Everything is wrong

E.     * Parainfluenza virus

592.         nLohen does croup develop mostly?

A.    in the afternoon

B.    in the evening

C.    in the morning

D.    everything is correct

E.     * at night

593.         nAcute stenotic laryngotracheobronchitis of the 1st degree – is:

A.    subcompensated croup

B.    de compensated croup

C.    asphyxia

D.    everything is correct

E.     * compensated croup

594.         nName the main route of infection penetration in pneumonia:

A.    hematogenous

B.    lymphogenous

C.    mixed

D.    everything is correct

E.     * bronchiogenic

595.         nThe etiology of pneumonia is dominated by:

A.    klebsiella

B.    pathogenic fungi

C.    staphylococci

D.    viruses

E.     * pneumococci

596.         nWhat type of pneumonia in infants develops more often?

A.    croupous

B.    interstitial

C.    segmentary

D.    lobar   

E.     * focal

597.         nTypical physical data for pneumonia are:

A.    weakened breathing

B.    diffuse small moist nrales

C.    diffuse dry wheezing

D.    everything is correct

E.     * local small moist rales

598.         nTypical  radiological sign for npneumonia is:

A.    increased lung pattern

B.    emphysematous lung ndistension

C.    expansion of the roots nof the lungs

D.    everything is correct

E.     * the presence of ninfiltrative shadows

599.         nDuration of acute pneumonia is:

A.    to 6 – weeks

B.    to 10 – weeks

C.    to 12 – weeks

D.    up to 3 months

E.     * to 8 – weeks

600.         nValue of pulse and respiration 2 – 15: 1 is characteristic to:

A.    Respiratory ninsufficiency 1 degree

B.    Respiratory ninsufficiency 2 degree

C.    Respiratory ninsufficiency 0 degree

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * Respiratory ninsufficiency 3 degree

601.         nBlood oxygen saturation by 90% is typical for:

A.    Respiratory ninsufficiency 0 degree

B.    Respiratory ninsufficiency 2 degree

C.    Respiratory ninsufficiency 3 degree

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * Respiratory ninsufficiency 1 degree

602.         nNot stable perioral cyanosis is characteristic for:

A.    Respiratory ninsufficiency 0 degree

B.    Respiratory ninsufficiency 2 degree

C.    Respiratory ninsufficiency 3 degree

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * Respiratory ninsufficiency 1 degree

603.         nWhat is the most common cause of necrotizing (destructive) pneumonia:

A.    pneumococcus

B.    klebsiella

C.    proteus

D.    everything is correct

E.     * staphylococcus

604.         nWhat type of oxygen therapy is the best for the child with Respiratory ninsufficiency 3 degree?

A.    the flow of oxygen in aoxygen tent

B.    flow of oxygen through nthe intranasal catheter

C.    the flow of oxygethrough the oxygen bag

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * the flow of oxygethrough the endotracheal tube

605.         nWhat type of oxygen therapy is the best for the child with Respiratory ninsufficiency 2 degree? 

A.    the flow of oxygethrough the oxygen bag

B.    flow of oxygen through nthe intranasal catheter

C.    the flow of oxygethrough the endotracheal tube

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * the flow of oxygen ian oxygen tent

606.         nWhat is the typical X-ray sign in the necrotizing (destructive) npneumonia when abscess formation?

A.    the appearance of a nround air formations on the base of the lung infiltration

B.    parietal and sinuses ninfiltratioear the pulmonary infiltration

C.    homogeneous total ninfiltration

D.    displacement of the nmediastinal organs to the opposite

E.     * the appearance of a nround high degree infiltration with the level of liquid on the base of the lung ninfiltration

607.         nWhat is the duration of antibacterial therapy in children with mild npneumonia?

A.    3 – 5 days

B.    5 – 7 days

C.    10 – 14 days

D.    1 – 3 days

E.     * 7 – 10 days

608.         nWhat is the duration of antibacterial therapy in children with moderate npneumonia?

A.    7 – 10 days

B.    5 – 7 days

C.    14 – 20 days

D.    20 – 25 days

E.     * 10 – 14 days

609.         nWhat is the duration of antibacterial therapy in children with severe npneumonia?  

A.    10 – 14 days

B.    7 – 10 days

C.    21 – 28 days

D.    everything is correct

E.     * 14 – 21 days

610.         nWhat is the dose of  semisynthetic npenicillins in children with mild pneumonia?

A.    30 – 50 mg / kg / day

B.    80 – 100 mg / kg per day n

C.    100 – 150 mg / kg / day

D.    150 – 200 mg / kg / day

E.     * 50 – 80 mg / kg / day

611.         nWhat is the dose of  semisynthetic npenicillins in children with moderate pneumonia?

A.    50 – 80 mg / kg / day

B.    30 – 50 mg / kg / day

C.    100 – 150 mg / kg / day

D.    150 – 200 mg / kg / day

E.     * 80 – 100 mg / kg / day

612.         nWhat is the dose of  semisynthetic npenicillins in children with severe pneumonia?

A.    50 – 80 mg / kg / day

B.    80 – 100 mg / kg / day

C.    30 – 50 mg / kg / day

D.    150 – 200 mg / kg / day

E.     * 100 – 150 mg / kg / day n

613.         nThe hospital pneumonia is that pneumonia which developed:

A.    within 12 hours of nhospitalization

B.    within 24 hours of nhospitalization

C.    within 6 hours of nhospitalization

D.    everything is correct

E.     * within 48 hours of nhospitalization

614.         nMost community-acquired pneumonia in children from 6 months to 6 years nis caused by:

A.    Mycoplasma

B.    Chlamydia

C.    Staphylococcus

D.    E. coli

E.     * Pneumococcus

615.         nVentilator – associated pneumonia up to four days stay on the nventilator, usually is caused by:

A.    Enterobacteria

B.    Streptococci

C.    Klebsiella

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * Pneumococci

616.         nPneumococcal bacteria is completely resistant to:

A.    penicillins

B.    macrolides

C.    cephalosporins

D.    fluoroquinolones

E.     * aminoglycosides

617.         nThe drug of choice for treatment of typical community-acquired pneumonia nis:

A.    carbapenems

B.    fluoroquinolones

C.    aminoglycosides

D.    preparations of other ngroups

E.     * amino penicillins

618.         nWhat percussion data are characteristic for the focal pneumonia?

A.    bandbox sound over the nentire surface of the lungs

B.    shortening of the npercussion sounds at an angle of scapula

C.    shortening percussiosound in axillar region

D.    everything is correct

E.     * clear lung sounds over nthe entire surface of the lungs

619.         nShortening of the percussion sounds in infants with focal pneumonia noccurs:

A.    in 3 – 5 days of illness n

B.    in the first day of nillness

C.    in 10 – 15 days of nillness

D.    in 2 – 3 day of illness

E.     * in 5 – 10 days of nillness

620.         nAt times, the beginning of lobar pneumonia, is misdiagnosed with:

A.    rheumatism

B.    bronchial asthma

C.    pyelonephritis

D.    sepsis

E.     * appendicitis

621.         nA typical inspection sign in a patient with lobar pneumonia is:

A.    jaundiced skin

B.    butterfly rash

C.    gray color

D.    everything is correct

E.     * color, usually on the nside of lesion

622.         nWhat the inspection reveals in patient with lobar pneumonia:

A.    synchronous movement of nboth chest parts

B.    “healthy” part nof the chest lag in the breathing

C.    spasmodic twitching of nhands and feet

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * “sick” part nof the chest lag in the breathing

623.         nStaphylococcal pneumonia develops mainly in:

A.    adolescents

B.    preschoolers

C.    infants

D.    everything is correct

E.     * schoolchildren

624.         nObstructive respiratory failure is caused by:

A.    alveolar lesion

B.    violation of the nbreathing neuromuscular control

C.    capillary pulmonary ncirculation lesion

D.    everything is correct

E.     * development of the nrespiratory tract mucous edema

625.         nParenchymatous respiratory failure is caused by:

A.    changes in respiratory nmuscle

B.    compression of the nairway from the outside

C.    impairment of the nrespiratory center

D.    everything is correct

E.     * lesion of the alveoli nand capillary pulmonary circulation

626.         nVentilating respiratory failure is caused by:

A.    the presence of nbronchospasm

B.    aspirated foreign body

C.    inflammatory lung ndiseases

D.    everything is correct

E.     * violation of the nbreathing neuromuscular control

627.         nTreatment of respiratory failure provides oxygen, the oxygeconcentration must not exceed:

A.    80%

B.    70%

C.    90%

D.    everything is correct

E.     * 60%

628.         nThe absence of respiratory sounds during inspiration is characteristic nfor:

A.    Respiratory ninsufficiency 1 degree

B.    Respiratory ninsufficiency 2 degree

C.    Respiratory ninsufficiency 0 degree

D.    everything is correct

E.     * Respiratory ninsufficiency 3 degree

629.         nBradipnoe is characteristic for:

A.    Respiratory ninsufficiency 1 degree

B.    Respiratory ninsufficiency 2 degree

C.    Respiratory ninsufficiency 0 degree

D.    everything is correct

E.     * Respiratory ninsufficiency 3 degree

630.         nValue of pulse to the breathing 3,5 – 2,5: 1 is characteristic for:

A.    Respiratory ninsufficiency 1 degree

B.    Respiratory ninsufficiency 0 degree

C.    Respiratory ninsufficiency 3 degree

D.    everything is correct

E.     * Respiratory ninsufficiency 2 degree

631.         nValue of pulse to the breathing 2,5 – 2: 1 is typical for:

A.    Respiratory insufficiency n1 degree

B.    Respiratory ninsufficiency 2 degree

C.    Respiratory ninsufficiency 0 degree

D.    everything is correct

E.     * Respiratory ninsufficiency 3 degree

632.         nThe most common cause of asthma is:

A.    medications

B.    foodstuffs

C.    bacterial allergy

D.    chemicals

E.     * house dust

633.         nThe main source of antigens in house dust is:

A.    dry food for aquarium nfish

B.    wool and scurf of  animal

C.    hair and scurf of people n

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * house dust mites

634.         nMostly house dust mites are found in:

A.    soft toys

B.    upholstery

C.    bed linen

D.    pillows

E.     * carpets

635.         nThe cardinal symptom of asthma is:

A.    itchy nose

B.    constant sneezing

C.    dry compulsive cough

D.    running nose

E.     * dyspnea

636.         nMostly dyspnea in asthma patient occurs:

A.    at dawn

B.    in the morning

C.    by the day

D.    during meal

E.     * at night

637.         nWhat is the base anti-inflammatory therapy in mild bronchial asthma?

A.    oral corticosteroids

B.    intravenous ncorticosteroids

C.    nonsteroidal nanti-inflammatory drugs

D.    methylxanthines

E.     * cromoglycate sodium

638.         nWhat inflammation of the mucous membrane is typical for bronchial nasthma?

A.    infectious

B.    infectious – allergic

C.    mixed

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * allergic

639.         nWhat type of dyspnea is typical for bronchial asthma?

A.    inspiratory

B.    mixed

C.    Schick

D.    Kussmaul

E.     * expiratory

640.         nWhat peripheral blood changes are typical for bronchial asthma?

A.    anemia

B.    leukocytosis

C.    lymphocytosis

D.    monocytosis

E.     * eosynophylia

641.         nWhat is reveal in percussion during bronchial asthma attack?

A.    expansion of the heart nborders

B.    clear lung sound

C.    local shortening of lung nsound

D.    mosaic changes

E.     * bandbox sound over the nlungs

642.         nAn asthmatic status means asthma attack duration:

A.    for 24 hours

B.    more than 2 hours

C.    more than 5 hours

D.    more than 10 hours

E.     * more than 6 hours

643.         nWhat is the aminophylline (euphyllin) dose in the mild attack of nbronchial asthma?

A.    1 – 2 mg / kg

B.    10 – 12 mg / kg

C.    24 mg / kg

D.    0,5 – 1 mg / kg

E.     * 4 mg / kg

644.         nWhat antihystamines are used in bronchial asthma?

A.    diphenhydramine

B.    klaritin

C.    allergodyl

D.    everything is correct

E.     * calcium gluconate

645.         nWhat is the aminophylline (euphylline) dose in asthmatic status?

A.    15 – 16 mg / kg / day

B.    40 mg / kg / day

C.    10 mg / kg / day

D.    5 – 7 mg / kg / day

E.     * 24 mg / kg / day

646.         nName the form of bronchial asthma according to the classification

A.    allergic

B.    nonatopic

C.    infectious

D.    recurrent

E.     * persistent

647.         nWhat prevails in infants in asthma attack?

A.    bronchospasm

B.    engorgement of the lungs n

C.    emphysema

D.    pneumorrhagia

E.     * edema of the nrespiratory tract mucosa

648.         nWhat prevails in schoolchildren in asthma attack?

A.    edema of the respiratory ntract mucosa

B.    respiratory violation

C.    allergic inflammation

D.    engorgement of the lungs n

E.     * bronchospasm

649.         nWhat is the aminophylline (euphylline) dose in the moderate attack of nbronchial asthma?

A.    10 mg / kg

B.    15 mg / kg

C.    3 mg / kg

D.    1 – 2 mg / kg

E.     * 5 – 7 mg / kg

650.         nWhat is the prednisolon dose in asthmatic status?

A.    2 – 3 mg / kg / day

B.    6 – 8 mg / kg / day

C.    3 – 5 mg / kg / day

D.    0,5 – 1 mg / kg / day

E.     * 1 – 2 mg / kg / day

651.         nWhat is recommended for children in the period of asthma remission?

A.    antihystamines

B.    antibacterial therapy

C.    bronchodilator therapy

D.    nothing

E.     * anti-inflammatory ntherapy

652.         nSevere asthma requires the appointment of:

A.    aminophylline n(euphylline) 

B.    intal

C.    adrenaline

D.    ephedrine

E.     * glucocorticoids

653.         nWhat is the way of specific asthma allegro diagnostic?

A.    inhalation tests

B.    determining the npercentage of eosinophils in the blood

C.    allergenic anamnesis

D.    Mantoux test

E.     * skin allergic tests

654.         nWhat is the atopy marker in children?

A.    elevated levels of nimmunoglobulin A

B.    eosinophilia

C.    leukopenia

D.    monocytosis

E.     * elevated levels of nimmunoglobulin E

655.         nAnti-inflammatory therapy of bronchial asthma is continued for:

A.    n1 month

B.    2 weeks

C.    1 week

D.    all the life

E.     * not less than two nmonths

656.         nWhich inhalers are used in the treatment of bronchial asthma?

A.    aminophylline

B.    ingalipt

C.    amerton

D.    instaryl

E.     * salbuthamol

657.         nChildren with asthma are at the dispensary supervision by:

A.    pediatrician

B.    immunologist

C.    pulmonologist

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * allergist

658.         nOne of the criteria for asthmatic status is:

A.    attack more than 10 nhours

B.    acute adrenal ninsufficiency

C.    heart failure

D.    chronic pulmonary heart

E.     * violation of bronchial ndrainge function

659.         nWhat mainly leads to disruption of all organs and systems in asthma nchildren?

A.    surfactant deficiency

B.    hemodynamics violation

C.    low immunity

D.    anemia

E.     * hypoxia

660.         nFirst place among the allergens that cause hives, take:

A.    Pollen

B.    Epidermal allergens

C.    Medicines

D.    Physical factors

E.     * Foodstuffs

661.         nWhen urticaria next changes are developed:

A.    The lesion of the nsubcutaneous layer of the dermis

B.    The lesion of the nsubmucosal layer of the dermis

C.    The lesion of the nsubcutaneous tissue

D.    Lesion in the connective ntissue of the internal organs

E.     * Increased microvascular npermeability

662.         nQuincke’s edema affected deeper layers of skin in the following places, nexcept:

A.    Face

B.    Head

C.    Neck

D.    Genitalia

E.     * The lateral surface of nthe body

663.         nIn acute allergic urticaria rash occurs after contact with an allergethrough:

A.    Few seconds

B.    Few minutes

C.    Few days

D.    Few weeks

E.     * Few hours

664.         nElements of urticaria often are coloured as:

A.    Cyanotic

B.    Icteric

C.    Scarlet

D.    Umber

E.     * As skin

665.         nElements of urticaria preserved for:

A.    20-30 seconds

B.    5-6 minutes

C.    2-3 days

D.    1-2 weeks

E.     * 1-6 hours

666.         nQuincke’s edema can preserved for:

A.    Up to 10-20 seconds

B.    30-40 minutes

C.    1-2 hours

D.    1-2 weeks

E.     * 2-3 days

667.         nThe primary element of the rash of acute hives are:

A.    Papule

B.    Pustule

C.    Spot

D.    Crust

E.     * Urtica

668.         nBase symptomatic treatment of urticaria consists in the application of:

A.    Antibacterial drugs

B.    Anti-inflammatory drugs

C.    Sedatives

D.    Desintoxication drugs

E.     * Antihystamines

669.         nWhich system pathology is often in children with chronic urticaria?

A.    Cardiovascular

B.    Respiratory system

C.    Nervous system

D.    Locomotor

E.     * Digestive

670.         nWhat color is Quincke’s edema?

A.    Pale

B.    Cyanotic

C.    Gray 

D.    Icteric

E.     * The same as skin

671.         nWhat is the main localization of children’s eczema?

A.    Feet

B.    Elbows

C.    Abdomen

D.    Knees

E.     * Cheeks

672.         nWhen skin process mostly disappears in children’s eczema?

A.    Up to 1 year

B.    Up to 2 years

C.    Up to 3 years

D.    Up to 4 years

E.     * Up to 5 years

673.         nIn atopic dermatitis exudative skin lesions are typical to the next age ngroup:

A.    2-4 years

B.    4-6 years

C.    6-8 years

D.    8-15

E.     * Before 2 years

674.         nIn atopic dermatitis erythematous-squamous skin lesions aretypical to nthe next age group:

A.    0-3 months

B.    3-9 months

C.    9-18 months

D.    12-24 months

E.     * 2-15 years

675.         nFirst place among the concomitant disease in atopic dermatitis belongs nto the diseases of:

A.    Nervous system

B.    Respiratory system

C.    Endocrine system

D.    Urinary System

E.     * Digestive system

676.         nIn the patient with atopic dermatitis is increased:

A.    Ig A

B.    Ig G

C.    Ig M

D.    T cells

E.     * Ig E

677.         nWhat is the evidence of the rheumatic fever streptococcal etiology?

A.    increased seromucoid

B.    increased sialic acids

C.    increased LDH

D.    positive formol test

E.     * increased nantihyaluronidase

678.         nIn rheumatism pathogenesis the leading role belongs to:

A.    bacterial infection

B.    aseptic inflammation

C.    allergic reactions

D.    everything is correct

E.     * immune reactions

679.         nWhat is pathogenetic link of rheumatism?

A.    intracellular sensitizatio

B.    constant persistence of nstreptococci in the blood

C.    persistence of nstreptococci in the connective tissue

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * primary streptococcal nsensitization

680.         n?Which heart lining are often affected with rheumatic disease ichildren?

A.    endocardium

B.    myocardium

C.    all

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * endomyocardium

681.         nWhat heart disease most often is formed on the background of rheumatic nfever?

A.    stenosis of the naorticvalve

B.    aortic valve ninsufficiency

C.    tricuspid valve ninsufficiency

D.    pulmonary valve insufficiency n

E.     * mitral insufficiency

682.         nWhat are peculiarities of rheumatism in children?

A.    only polyarthritis

B.    prolonged duration

C.    latent course

D.    subacute course

E.     * formation of the heart ndefects

683.         nWhat are peculiarities of rheumatism in children?

A.    only polyarthritis

B.    only nodules

C.    latent course

D.    arthralgia

E.     * chorea

684.         nThe main criteria of rheumatic fever are:

A.    hepatitis

B.    nephritis

C.    pneumonia

D.    meningitis

E.     * carditis

685.         nThe main criteria of rheumatic fever are:

A.    meningitis

B.    hepatitis

C.    dermatitis

D.    pneumonia

E.     * polyarthritis

686.         nThe main criteria of rheumatic fever are:

A.    urticaria

B.    hemorrhages

C.    pneumonia

D.    bleeding

E.     * erythema marginatum

687.         nAdditional criteria of rheumatism are:

A.    hematoma

B.    bleeding into the joints n

C.    petechia

D.    chorea

E.     * nosebleeds

688.         nAdditional criteria of rheumatism are:

A.    arthritis

B.    muscle pain

C.    backache

D.    headaches

E.     * arthralgia

689.         nCriteria for rheumatic carditis are:

A.    only myocarditis

B.    cardialgia

C.    epicardium lesion

D.    only pericarditis

E.     * lesion of the nmyocardium and endocardium

690.         nWhat is typical for myocarditis?

A.    decreased heart size

B.    increased heart tones

C.    WPW syndrome

D.    CLC syndrome

E.     * expansion of the heart nborders

691.         nWhich joints are often affected with rheumatism?

A.    interphalangeal

B.    mandibular

C.    cervical spine

D.    lumbar spine

E.     * knee

692.         nRheumatic arthritis is characterized by:

A.    morning stiffness

B.    resistant strain of njoints

C.    spine lesion

D.    contractures

E.     * volatility of joint ndamage

693.         nChorea is characterized by:

A.    violation of nconsciousness

B.    central paralysis

C.    lesion of cranial nerves n

D.    decrease of tendoreflexes

E.     * muscular hypotonia

694.         nChorea is characterized by:

A.    impaired consciousness

B.    central paralysis

C.    lesion of cranial nerves n

D.    decrease of tendoreflexes

E.     * poor coordination

695.         nRheumatic endocarditis is characterized by:

A.    accent II tone of the naorta

B.    soft systolic murmur at napex

C.    systolic murmur over the npulmonary artery

D.    diastolic murmur on the napex

E.     * rough systolic murmur nat apex

696.         nRheumatic pancarditis is characterized by:

A.    increased heart sounds

B.    increased BP

C.    decrease in heart size

D.    accent II tone of the naorta

E.     * significant cardiomegaly n

697.         nThe ECG for rheumatism is characterized by:

A.    lengthening the QT ninterval

B.    deformation of the QRS ncomplex

C.    increasing of the nvoltage

D.    syndrome CLC

E.     * lengthening of the PQ ninterval

698.         nWhat is an antibiotic of choice in rheumatism?

A.    ampicillin

B.    gentamicin

C.    kefzol

D.    ceftriaxone

E.     * penicillin

699.         nWhat is the dose of penicillin for rheumatism per kg?

A.    200-250 thousand units

B.    100-150 thousand units

C.    10-20 thousand units

D.    250 – 350 thousand units

E.     * 30-50 thousand units

700.         nWhat is advisable to appoint in acute rheumatic fever?

A.    plaquenil

B.    delagil

C.    paracetamol

D.    sigan

E.     * ibuprofen

701.         nWhat is advisable to appoint in protracted rheumatic fever?

A.    aspirin

B.    voltaren

C.    ibuprofen

D.    paracetamol

E.     * plaquenil

702.         nWhat is advisable to appoint for treatment of rheumatism if you are allergic nto penicillin?

A.    gentamicin

B.    klaforan

C.    chloramphenicol

D.    ceftriaxone

E.     * azithromycin

703.         nThe dose of prednisolone in severe rheumatic carditis is:

A.    1 mg / kg

B.    3 mg / kg

C.    4 mg / kg

D.    5 mg / kg

E.     * 2 mg / kg

704.         nThe duration of outpatient (dispensary) treatment of rheumatic fever ndepends on:

A.    process activity

B.    duration of attack

C.    child’s age

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * development of ncomplications

705.         nWhat is used for year-round prevention of rheumatism?

A.    penicillin

B.    aspirin

C.    delagyl

D.    ampicillin

E.     * bicillin

706.         nWhat is bicillin-1 dose for schoolchildren?

A.    600 thousand units 2 ntimes a month

B.    600 thousand IU 1 time nper month

C.    1200 thousand units 2 ntimes a month

D.    everything is correct

E.     * 1200 thousand units 1 ntime per month

707.         nWhat is bicillin-1 dose for preschoolers?

A.    600 thousand IU 1 time nper month

B.    1200 thousand units 2 ntimes a month

C.    1200 thousand units 1 ntime per month

D.    everything is correct

E.     * 600 thousand units 2 ntimes a month

708.         nThe duration of outpatient (dispensary) treatment of complicated nrheumatic fever is:

A.    2 years

B.    3 years

C.    4 years

D.    1 year

E.     * 5 years

709.         nThe duration of outpatient (dispensary) treatment of uncomplicated nrheumatic fever is:

A.    2 years

B.    4 years

C.    5 years

D.    1 year

E.     * 3 years

710.         nName the complication of rheumatic disease

A.    myocardial infarction

B.    hypertonic disease

C.    myocardial distrophy

D.    everything is correct

E.     * myocardiosclerosis

711.         nPlaquenil dose per kg of body weight is:

A.    3mg

B.    5mg

C.    10mg

D.    1 mg

E.     * 8mg

712.         nWhat is the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis?

A.    Bone osteomalacia

B.    Metabolic abnormalities nin the bones

C.    Acute infectious ninflammation of the joints

D.    Systemic connective ntissue dysplasia

E.     * Autoimmune processes ithe connective tissue

713.         nRheumatoid arthritis is characterized by:

A.    No changes in the bones nand joint surfaces

B.    Hemarthrosis navailability

C.    The absence of effusioin the joint cavity

D.    Expansion of joint space n

E.     * Narrowing of joint nspace

714.         nWhat means “pannus” in rheumatoid arthritis?

A.    Edema and hyperemia naround the affected joint

B.    The form of joint ndeformation

C.    Effusion in the joint ncavity

D.    The form of rheumatoid nspine lesions

E.     * Microvilli nproliferation of the synovial membrane

715.         nHeart damage in rheumatoid arthritis is most often seen as:

A.    Left ventricular nhypertrophy

B.    Formation of mitral nstenosis

C.    Infringement of the ncoronary circulation

D.    Development of acute ncardiac insufficiency

E.     * The development of nmyocarditis

716.         nWhich of the joints are most often affected in patients with rheumatoid narthritis?

A.    Ankles

B.    Sternocostal

C.    Shoulders

D.    Hips

E.     * Knees

717.         nWhich of the following is typical rheumatoid arthritis clinic ichildren (unlike adults)?

A.    Frequent lesion of small nhand joints

B.    Deformation of joints

C.    The symmetry of joint ndamage

D.    Less developed of mono- nand pauciarticular form

E.     * Frequent injury of the ncervical spine

718.         nWhich of the joints in JRA is deformed in globular?

A.    Elbow

B.    Radial-carpal

C.    Shoulder

D.    Hip

E.     * Knee

719.         nWhich of the joints in JRA is deformed in a spindly?

A.    Knee

B.    Radial-carpal

C.    Shoulder

D.    Hip

E.     * Elbow

720.         nThe lesion of the cervical spine in JRA usually occurs at the level of:

A.    1st vertebrae

B.    2-3 vertebrae

C.    4th vertebrae

D.    7th vertebrae

E.     * 5-6 vertebrae

721.         nViolation of the bones growth in JRA occurs:

A.    Throughout the skeleton

B.    In the lower extremities n

C.    Mainly in the flat bones n

D.    In areas remote nfrom  the lesion

E.     * In areas that border to nthe affected joints

722.         nThe leading symptoms of Still’s syndrome are:

A.    Eye

B.    Nephritic syndrome

C.    Carditis and vasculitis

D.    The lesion of the spine

E.     * Fever and rash

723.         nSeropositive form of JRA is defined by:

A.    Leukocytosis in the nblood

B.    A positive CRP

C.    Increased levels nseromucoid

D.    By increasing the ESR

E.     * A positive rheumatoid nfactor

724.         nSystemic forms of JRA usually are characterized by:

A.    Meningitis

B.    Nephritic syndrome

C.    Abdominal syndrome

D.    Pneumonia

E.     * Polyserositis

725.         nWhat JRA eye damage is mainly manifested?

A.    conjunctivitis

B.    Retinopathy

C.    Retinal degeneration

D.    Cataracts

E.     * Iridocyclitis

726.         nWhat clinical triad often accompanies systemic form of JRA?

A.    Arthralgia, chorea, nmorning stiffness

B.    Arthritis, eye disease, ncarditis

C.    Rash in the area of the naffected joint, fever, heart damage

D.    Resistant articular nsyndrome, carditis, fever

E.     * Intermittent fever, nrash at the height of fever, arthralgia

727.         nWhat from ennumerated is a clinical diagnostic criterion of JRA?

A.    Carditis

B.    Chorea

C.    Rheumatic nodules

D.    Erythema marginatum

E.     * Muscle atrophy

728.         nWhich of the following drugs is a part of the JRA basic treatment?

A.    Hydrocortisone

B.    Ketotifen

C.    Diclofenac

D.    Indomethacin

E.     * Methotrexate

729.         nNon-rheumatic carditis in children most often affects:

A.    all of the heart lining

B.    endocardium

C.    pericardium

D.    endo-and pericardium

E.     * myocardium

730.         nEarly congenital carditis is formed in gestational age of:

A.    1 – 3 months

B.    7 – 9 months

C.    At birth

D.    10 – 12 months

E.     * 4 – 6 months

731.         nCongenital heart defects are formed in gestational age of:

A.    4 – 6 months

B.    7 – 9 months

C.    At birth

D.    10 – 12 months

E.     * 1 – 3 months

732.         nLate congenital carditis is formed in gestational age of:

A.    1 – 3 months

B.    4 – 6 months

C.    At birth

D.    10 – 12 months

E.     * 7 – 9 months

733.         nFibroelastosis in a child may be suspected when there is:

A.    rough systolic murmur ithe 5-th point

B.    stable bradyarrhythmia

C.    frequent extrasystoles

D.    rough systolic murmur at nthe apex of the heart

E.     * resistant, refractory nto therapy, tachycardia

734.         nFibroelastosis may be suspected in achild when there is:

A.    kyphoscoliosis

B.    pectus excavatum

C.    sinistral lordosis

D.    pigeon chest

E.     * “Heart hump”

735.         nWhat is the main complication of fibroelastosis?

A.    pulmonary insufficiency

B.    cardiosclerosis

C.    ventricular nextrasystoles

D.    arterial hypertension

E.     * heart failure

736.         nWhat is the prognosis of fibroelastosis?

A.    recovery

B.    death in the early nschool age

C.    death at a young age

D.    everything is correct

E.     * death up to 2 years

737.         nWhat is the drug of choice for fibroelastosis?

A.    aspirin

B.    prednisolone

C.    delagyl

D.    penicillin

E.     * digoxin

738.         nSymptomatic therapy of fibroelastosis requires the appointment of: 

A.    hypotensive

B.    enzymes

C.    antiarrhythmic medicine

D.    antibiotics

E.     * cardiac glycosides

739.         nSymptomatic therapy of fibroelastosis requires the appointment of: 

A.    hypotensive

B.    vitamins

C.    antiarrhythmic medicine

D.    antibiotics

E.     * diuretics

740.         nBy what is characterized the clinic of the late congenital carditis?

A.    significant cardiomegaly n

B.    progressive tachycardia

C.    persistent bradycardia

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * multiple arrhythmias

741.         nAcute non-rheumatic carditis in young children mainly is caused by:

A.    bacteria

B.    toxins

C.    allergic conditions

D.    fungi

E.     * viruses

742.         nAcute non-rheumatic carditis is characterized by:

A.    decreased heart borders

B.    elevated blood pressure

C.    increased heart sounds

D.    everything is correct

E.     * cardiac rhythm nimpairment

743.         nAcute non-rheumatic carditis is characterized by:

A.    organic systolic murmur

B.    elevated blood pressure

C.    increased heart sounds

D.    rough systolic murmur othe apex

E.     * functional systolic nmurmur

744.         nThe ECG in acute carditis shows:

A.    lengthening PQ

B.    shortening PQ

C.    increased voltage

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * decreased voltage 

745.         nThe ECG in acute carditis shows:

A.    lengthening PQ

B.    shortening PQ

C.    increased voltage 

D.    everything is correct

E.     * ventricular nextrasystols

746.         nThe left ventricular heart failure is characterized by:

A.    hepatomegaly

B.    swelling of the neck nveins 

C.    swelling of the hands nveins 

D.    edema on feet

E.     * moist rales in the nlungs

747.         nThe right ventricular heart failure is characterized by:

A.    wet cough

B.    moist rales in the lungs n

C.    accented 2nd tone of the nLA

D.    hemoptysis

E.     * swelling of the neck nveins 

748.         nThe left ventricular heart failure is characterized by:

A.    hepatomegaly

B.    swelling of the neck nveins 

C.    swelling of the hands nveins

D.    accented 2nd tone of the naortha

E.     * accented 2nd tone of nthe LA

749.         nThe 2nd -B st of the heart failure ion-rheumatic carditis is ncharacterized by:

A.    dyspnea on physical load n

B.    anasarca

C.    dry cough

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * moist rales in the nlungs

750.         nThe 3rd stage of the heart failure ion-rheumatic carditis is ncharacterized by:

A.    pneumonia

B.    meningitis

C.    hepatitis

D.    splenomegaly

E.     * pulmonary edema

751.         nThe 2nd -A st of the heart failure ion-rheumatic carditis is ncharacterized by:

A.    swellings on the legs

B.    anasarca

C.    dry cough

D.    hepatomegaly

E.     * dyspnea at rest

752.         nThe 1 st of the heart failure ion-rheumatic carditis is characterized nby:

A.    swellings on the legs

B.    anasarca

C.    dry cough

D.    cardiac asthma

E.     * dyspnea on physical nload

753.         nWhat is echocardioscopic sign in fibroelastosis?

A.    hyperkinetic myocardial nareas

B.    hypertrophy of the left nventricle

C.    the presence of fluid ithe pericardium

D.    anatomical defects of nthe heart

E.     * increased diastolic nvolume of the left ventricle

754.         nWhat is echocardioscopic sign in acute carditis?

A.    hyperkinetic myocardial nareas

B.    hypertrophy of the left nventricle

C.    dilatation of the left nventricle

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * decreased ejectiofraction

755.         nWhat is echocardioscopic sign in chronic carditis?

A.    akinetic myocardial nareas

B.    hyperkinetic myocardial nareas

C.    the presence of fluid ithe pericardium

D.    anatomical defects of nthe heart

E.     * hypertrophy of the left nventricle

756.         nWhat is the drug of choice for severe acute carditis?

A.    digoxin

B.    delagyl

C.    indomethacin

D.    penicillin

E.     * prednisolone

757.         nWhat is the dose of prednisolone in acute myocarditis?

A.    1,5 – 2,5 mg / kg

B.    2,5 – 3,5 mg / kg

C.    3,5 – 4,5 mg / kg

D.    everything is correct

E.     * 0,5 – 1,5 mg / kg

758.         nWhat is the dose of delagyl at carditis?

A.    1 – 2 mg / kg

B.    3 – 4 mg / kg

C.    7 – 8 mg / kg

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * 5 – 6 mg / kg

759.         nWhat is the maintenance dose of digoxin from the dose-saturation:

A.    1/2 – 1/3

B.    1/3 – 1/4

C.    1/5 – 1/6

D.    1/7 – 1/8

E.     * 1/4 – 1/5

760.         nWhich drugs improve myocardial function?

A.    prednisolone

B.    corglycon

C.    methyluracil

D.    digoxin

E.     * mildronate

761.         nVentricular septal defect is characterized by:

A.    weakened 2nd tone of the npulmonary arthery

B.    accented 2nd tone of the naorta

C.    weakened 2nd tone of the naorta

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * accented 2nd tone of nthe pulmonary arthery

762.         nVentricular septal defect is characterized by: 

A.    accented 2nd tone of the naorta

B.    weakened 2nd tone of the naorta

C.    soft systolic murmur nover the apex

D.    rough systolic murmur nover the pulmonary arthery

E.     * rough systolic murmur nover the apex

763.         nAtrial septal defect is characterized by:

A.    weakened 2nd tone of the npulmonary arthery

B.    accented 2nd tone of the naorta

C.    weakened 2nd tone of the naorta

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * accented 2nd tone of nthe pulmonary arthery

764.         nAtrial septal defect is characterized by:

A.    rough systolic murmur nover the apex

B.    accented 2nd tone of the naorta

C.    weakened 2nd tone of the naorta

D.    rough systolic murmur nover the pulmonary arthery

E.     * soft systolic murmur nover the apex

765.         nPatent ductus arteriosus is characterized by:

A.    rough systolic murmur nover the apex

B.    weakened 2nd tone of the naorta

C.    soft systolic murmur nover the apex

D.    rough systolic murmur nover the pulmonary arthery

E.     * systolic-diastolic nmurmur of the pulmonary arthery

766.         nVentricular septal defect belongs to the group of the congenital heart ndisease with:

A.    a shunt to the left 

B.    an obstacle to blood nflow

C.    mixing of blood in the natria

D.    mixing of blood in the naorta

E.     * a  shunt to the right

767.         nThe disease of Fallot belongs to the group of the congenital heart ndisease with:

A.    a  shunt to the right

B.    an obstacle to blood nflow

C.    mixing of blood in the natria

D.    mixing of blood in the npulmonary arthery

E.     * a shunt to the nleft 

768.         nThe disease of Fallot is characterized by:

A.    pale skin

B.    acrocyanosis

C.    paratrophia

D.    anemia

E.     * dyspneic-hypercyanotic nattacks

769.         nThe disease of Fallot is characterized by:

A.    pale skin

B.    acrocyanosis

C.    thrombocytopenia

D.    anemia

E.     * polycythemia

770.         nWhat is x-ray finding in the Fallot disease?

A.    increased lung pattern

B.    ribs “rosary”

C.    reducing the size of the nheart

D.    “uzures” othe ribs

E.     * weakening of the lung npattern

771.         nWhat is x-ray finding  icoarctation of the aorta?

A.    weakening of the lung npattern

B.    increased lung pattern

C.    ribs “rosary”

D.    reducing the size of the nheart

E.     * “uzures” othe ribs

772.         nWhat is x-ray finding in ventricular septal defect?

A.    weakening of the lung npattern

B.    ribs “rosary”

C.    reducing the size of the nheart

D.    “uzures” othe ribs

E.     * increased lung pattern

773.         nCoarctation of the aorta is characterized by:

A.    arterial hypotension

B.    paresthesia in the nfingers

C.    muscular hypotonia of nthe upper extremities

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * arterial hypertension

774.         nCoarctation of the aorta is characterized by:

A.    arterial hypotension

B.    paresthesia in the nfingers

C.    muscular hypotonia of nthe upper extremities

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * paresthesia in the nlower extremities

775.         nWhat belongs tothe functional gastric disorders?

A.    Chronic esophagitis

B.    Chronic gastritis

C.    Stomach ulcer

D.    Chronic duodenitis

E.     * Duodenogastric reflux

776.         nGastroesophageal reflux belongs to:

A.    Functional disorders of nthe stomach by the secretory type

B.    Chronic gastritis

C.    Biliary dyskinesia

D.    Chronic duodenitis

E.     * Functional disorders of nthe stomach by the motor type

777.         nWhat is the main pathology in gastroesophageal reflux disease?

A.    The pain behind the nsternum

B.    Nausea

C.    Vomiting

D.    Flatulence

E.     * Heartburn

778.         nWhat is the main method for diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux ndisease?

A.    EGDS

B.    Ultrasound

C.    X-ray of the esophagus

D.    Duodenal probing

E.     * PH-metry of the nesophagus

779.         nPrescribe prpeparat to a patient with gastroesophageal reflux to improve nmotility of the stomach:

A.    Almagel

B.    Gastronorm

C.    Quamatel

D.    No-spa

E.     * Motilium

780.         nPrescribe prpeparat tocorrect secretory disorders in reflux esophagitis: n

A.    Motilium

B.    No-spa

C.    Gastropharm

D.    Smectic

E.     * Quamatel

781.         nEtiology of chronic gastroduodenitis

A.    streptococcus

B.    staphylococcus

C.    E. coli

D.    Candida

E.     * Helicobacter pylori

782.         nName agression factors of gastric mucosa:

A.    mucous discharge

B.    prostaglandin E2

C.    bicarbonate

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * hydrochloric acid

783.         nWhat is the regulator of hydrochloric acid secrection? 

A.    somastatin

B.    glucagon

C.    insulin

D.    trypsin

E.     * gastrin

784.         nName protectors of gastric mucosa:

A.    pepsin

B.    hydrochloric acid

C.    gastrin

D.    trypsin

E.     * mucous discharge

785.         nName protectors of gastric mucosa:

A.    hydrochloric acid

B.    pepsin

C.    gastrin

D.    everything is correct

E.     * secretory Іg A

786.         nWhat belongs to the pathogenesis of gastritis?

A.    increased mucus nformation

B.    increased secretion of nbicarbonate

C.    physiological blood flow nin the mucous

D.    decreased secretion of nhydrochloric acid

E.     * increased secretion of nhydrochloric acid

787.         nHelicobacter pylori colonizes:

A.    stomach cardia

B.    fundus of the stomach

C.    pylorus

D.    everything is correct

E.     * antrum

788.         nHelicobacter pylori produces an enzyme:

A.    lactase

B.    peptidase

C.    lipase

D.    amylase

E.     * urease

789.         nThe enzyme urease hydrolyzed in the gastric content:

A.    pepsin

B.    HCl

C.    mucus

D.    bile

E.     * urea

790.         nThree leading syndromes of chronic gastritis are:

A.    pain, dyspeptic, nhemorrhagic

B.    dysuria, dyspeptic, ntoxic

C.    pain, bleeding, dysuria

D.    everything is correct

E.     * pain, dyspeptic, toxic

791.         nWhich syndrome is more pronounced in patients with gastritis that has nincreased secretion?

A.    dyspepsia

B.    toxic

C.    disuric

D.    haemorrhagic

E.     * pain

792.         nIn patients with increased secretion in gastritis pain is:

A.    mild

B.    dull

C.    moderate

D.    absent

E.     * intensive

793.         nIn patients with reduced secretion in gastritis pain is:

A.    intensive

B.    acute

C.    absent

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * mild

794.         nIn patients with gastritis pain occurs through:

A.    30-45 min after meals

B.    45-60 min after meals

C.    1-1,5 hours after meals

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * 15-30 min after meals

795.         nIn patients with duodenitis pain occurs more frequently through:

A.    15-30 min after meals

B.    30-45 min after meals

C.    45-60 min after meals

D.    everything is correct

E.     * 1-1,5 hours after meals n

796.         nNight pain is typical for patients with:

A.    normal acid-function

B.    reduced acid-function

C.    achlorhydria

D.    everything is correct

E.     * high acid-function

797.         nThe prevalence of pain over the dyspeptic syndrome is characteristic ngastroduodenitis with:

A.    normal acid-function

B.    reduced acid-function

C.    achlorhydria

D.    everything is correct

E.     * high acid-function

798.         nThe prevalence of dyspeptic over the pain syndrome is characteristic for ngastroduodenitis with:

A.    high acid-function

B.    normal acid-function

C.    saved acid-function

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * reduced acid-function

799.         nWhich of the syndromes is the most constant in chronic gastroduodenitis nin children?

A.    dyspeptic

B.    intoxication

C.    epithelial

D.    syderopenic

E.     * pain

800.         nSeverity of dyspeptic manifestations in chronic gastroduodenitis ichildren depends on:

A.    age of the child

B.    dietary peculiarities

C.    intervals betweemeals 

D.    balance of food ningredients

E.     * secretory function

801.         nWhat is most often observed in the reduced acidity of gastric juice?

A.    tendency to constipatio

B.    “sour” burping

C.    “Hunger pains” n

D.    vomiting

E.     *unstable stool

802.         nWhat secretory function is the most characteristic in childhood ngastritis?

A.    Reduced

B.    reduced and normal

C.    increased

D.    conservation

E.     * increased and normal

803.         nWhich of the methods is the most important for the diagnosis of chronic ngastroduodenitis?

A.    pH meters

B.    fractional test of ngastric contents

C.    atsidotest

D.    X-ray

E.     * EGDS

804.         nWhich of the methods of Helicobacter pylori infection diagnostic belong nto invasive?

A.    feces and saliva study nby polymerase chain reaction

B.    breath tests

C.    immunoglobulins nestablishment  

D.    “Aerotest”

E.     * Bacteriological study nof  gastric mucosa biopsy

805.         nWhat almagel A dose is prescribed for children under 10 years?

A.    0,5 tablespoon 3 times a nday

B.    0,5 teaspoon 4 times a nday

C.    1 tablespoon 3 times a nday

D.    1 dessert spoon 3 times na day

E.     * 1 teaspoon 4 times a nday

806.         nThe expressed edema syndrome is most characteristic for:

A.    isolated urinary nsyndrome

B.    nephritic variant of nacute glomerulonephritis

C.    mixed form of chronic nglomerulonephrita

D.    gematuricheskoy forms of nchronic glomerulonephritis

E.     * nephrotic form of nchronic glomerulonephritis

807.         nWhat from this belong to pathogenetic therapy of chronic nglomerulonephritis hematuric form?

A.    leukeran

B.    prednisolon

C.    chlorbutin

D.    imuran

E.     * delagyl

808.         nWhat is the evidence to give immune suppressors at acute nglomerulonephritis?

A.    sudden, acute disease nbeginning

B.    presence of expressed nproteinuria

C.    absence of  NSAIDs treatment effect for  3-4 weeks in children with the nephrotic nvariant of the acute glomerulonephritis

D.    violation ofrenal nfunction at the disease beginning

E.     * absence of nglucocorticoids treatment effect for  3-4 nweeks in children with the nephritic variant of he acute glomerulonephritis

809.         nAt the nephrotic frm of acute glomerulonephritis prednizolon is nappointed in a maximal therapeutic dose not less than:

A.    3-4 weeks

B.    6-8 weeks

C.    2-3 days

D.    5-10 day

E.     * 2-3 weeks

810.         nUltrasonic investigation of which kidney pathology is the most ninforming?

A.    hydronefrotic kidney

B.    glomerulonephritis, npyelonephritis

C.    renal pelvic distopia

D.    everything is uncorrect

E.     * tumour, renal stones

811.         nWhat from this is one of absolute indications to chronic gemodyalisis at nchronic kidney nsufficiency?

A.    blood billirubin 150 nmmol/l;

B.    cholesterol more than 10 nmmol/l;

C.    urea 12-15 mmol/l;

D.    increased potassium to 4 nmmol/l

E.     * blood creatinyne n0,7-0,9 mmol/l;

812.         nWhich casts form from the protein in acid urine pH?

A.    Erythrocyte

B.    Leucocyte

C.    Grainy

D.    Epithelial

E.     * Hyalin

813.         nLeucocyturia in acute glomerulonephritis lasts for:

A.    1-2 hours

B.    1-2 days

C.    10-20 days

D.    1-2 months

E.     * 1-2 weeks

814.         nWhich casts are typical for glomerulonephritis?

A.    Leucocyte

B.    Hyalin

C.    Grainy

D.    Epithelial

E.     * Erythrocyte

815.         nWhat dose of heparin is used in the treatment of glomerulonephritis ichildren?

A.    50-100 IU / kg / day

B.    150-200 IU / kg / day

C.    100-300 IU / kg / day

D.    50-500 IU / kg / day

E.     * 100-150 IU / kg / day

816.         nWhat dose of indomethacin is prescribed to children with nephritic nvariant of acute glomerulonephritis?

A.    1-2 mg / kg / day

B.    3-5 mg / kg / day

C.    0,5-1 mg / kg / day

D.    0,8-1 mg / kg / day

E.     * 2,5-3 mg / kg / day

817.         nWhich of these products are excluded from the diet 7?

A.    rice or buckwheat nporridge with jam and sugar

B.    vegetable purees, nvegetable soup, egg

C.    vegetable oil and butter n

D.    fruit

E.     * meat, fish

818.         nPain in the lower abdomen (suprapubic) radiating to the perineum, nincreasing pain at the end of the rination or after it, are typical for:

A.    glomerulonephritis

B.    pyelonephritis

C.    renal amyloidosis

D.    urolithiasis

E.     * cystitis

819.         nWhich of the symptoms are characteristic for pyelonephritis?

A.    intoxication

B.    abdominal pain, lumbar

C.    pyuria

D.    pathological bacteriuria n

E.     * everything is correct

820.         nHow long is anibacterial therapy after the normalization of urine nanalysis in primary pyelonephritis?

A.    1,5-3 months

B.    3-6 months

C.    1 year

D.    6 months

E.     * 14 days-1 month

821.         nWhat tactics of the physician in leukocyturia identifying in girls:

A.    appointment of nantibacterial therapy

B.    appointment of nuroseptics

C.    cystoscopy

D.    descending urography

E.     * screened for helminths, nwith the exception of vulvovaginitis

822.         nWhich antibacterial therapy should be preferable in treatment of active nphase of pyelonephritis:

A.    monotherapy by nantibiotic

B.    monotherapy by uroseptic n

C.    phytotherapy

D.    physiotherapy

E.     * combined (antibiotic nand uroseptic)

823.         nThe secondary pyelonephritis in children most often occurs on the nbackground:

A.    glomerulonephritis

B.    acute viral respiratory ninfection

C.    systemic lupus nerythemathosus

D.    tonsillitis

E.     * anomalies of the nurinary tract

824.         nMost of pyelonephritis are caused by:

A.    klebsiella

B.    staphylococcus

C.    streptococcus

D.    Proteus

E.     * E. coli

825.         nWhich feature of back pain in pyelonephritis?

A.    diffuse

B.    bilateral

C.    irradiate in the sacral nregion

D.    in the form of attacks

E.     * unilateral

826.         nWhich syndrome is crucial for the diagnosis of pyelonephritis

A.    toxic

B.    pain

C.    dysuria

D.    astheno-vegetative

E.     * uric

827.         nWhat level of proteinuria is typical for pyelonephritis?

A.    up to 0,5 g / l

B.    up to 2 g / l

C.    up to 3 g / day

D.    up to 1 g / day

E.     * up to 1 g / l

828.         nDiagnostic criteria for pyelonephritis in the general analysis of urine nis:

A.    crystaluria

B.    hematuria

C.    cylindruria

D.    glycosuria

E.     * piuria

829.         nWhat is the value of microbial numbers (number of bacteria in 1 ml of nurine) is a criterion for yelonephritis?

A.    5,000,000 or more

B.    10,000 or more

C.    50,000 or more

D.    1000 and more

E.     * 1,000,000 or more

830.         nWhat ultrasound of the kidneys in children with primary pyelonephritis nis typical?

A.    reduced size of kidneys

B.    presence of salt ncrystals

C.    thick structure of the nkidneys

D.    thinning of the nparenchyma

E.     * pyeloectasia

831.         nWhat investigation is the most informative for urinary tract nabnormalities diagnosis?

A.    ultrasound

B.    cystoscopy

C.    cystography

D.    thermography

E.     * excretory urography

832.         nWhat diet is appropriate at pyelonephritis?

A.    № 1

B.    № 2

C.    № 7

D.    № 9

E.     * № 5

833.         n?Which factor most of all may be a cause of hematuria in secondary npyelonephritis?

A.    increased permeability nof the glomerular capillaries

B.    hemorrhage in the nglomeruli

C.    ruptures of the nglomerular capillaries

D.    renal intravascular ncoagulation

E.     * urinary tract mucosa ndamage by stones

834.         nAntibacterial therapy of pyelonephritis is given for:

A.    7-14 days

B.    14-21 days

C.    for 6 months

D.    to partial clinical and nlaboratory remission

E.     * to full clinical and nlaboratory remission

835.         nWhich of the following antibiotics is appropriate to a child in the ndebut of pyelonephritis?

A.    kefzol

B.    palin

C.    benzylpenicillin

D.    erythromycin

E.     n*amoxycilin

836.         nWhat is the duration of outpatient treatment (dispensarization) for nchildren after acute pyelonephritis?

A.    1 year

B.    2 years

C.    4 years

D.    5 years

E.     * 3 years

837.         nWhat time after the onset of clinical and laboratory remission childrewith pyelonephritis can be sent o the resort?

A.    6-9 months

B.    9-12 months

C.    1-3 months

D.    1-2 years

E.     * 3-6 months

838.         nWhich of physiotherapeutic methods is indicated for the pyelonephritis ntreatment?

A.    ozokerite applications non the right hypochondrium

B.    ozokerite applications non the suprapubic area

C.    electrophoresis with ncalcium chloride and vitamin C at the lumbar area

D.    novocaine nelectrophoresis at the lumbar area

E.     * furadonine nelectrophoresis at the lumbar area

839.         nThe clinic of acute pyelonephritis in infants is dominated by:

A.    Dysuric disorders

B.    Pain syndrome

C.    Dysuria and paisyndrome

D.    Enuresis manifestation

E.     * Intoxication syndrome

840.         nWhat reserve antibiotic is used in the treatment of pyelonephritis?

A.    Ampicillin

B.    Ampiox

C.    Cephalosporins of 2nd ngeneration

D.    Cephalosporins of third ngeneration

E.     * Aminoglycosides

841.         nSecondary pyelonephritis develops on the background of:

A.    Organic hemodynamic nchanges

B.    Functional hemodynamic nchanges

C.    Organic urodynamic nchanges

D.    Functional changes nurodynamic

E.     * Everything is correct

842.         nWhat is “zigzag” diet in children who have an acute pyelonephritis?

A.    The alternation of nsalt-free and sugar-free days

B.    The alternation of KCl nand protein products

C.    Rotation Diet № 5 and nDiet № 15

D.    The alternation of nfasting and nutrition

E.     * Alternation products nthat are acidified or make alkaline urine

843.         nLatent course of chronic pyelonephritis is characterized by:

A.    The presence of only nintoxication syndrome

B.    The presence of only pai

C.    The presence of pain and nintoxication syndromes

D.    The presence of pain and nurinary syndromes

E.     * The presence of only nurine syndrome

844.         nIn infants, patients with pyelonephritis, symptoms of intoxication are ncombined with dysfunction of:

A.    Respiratory system

B.    Cardiovascular system

C.    Endocrine system

D.    Nervous system

E.     * Digestive system

845.         nChronic pyelonephritis is diagnosed when symptoms of pyelonephritis noccur in a child longer than:

A.    3 months

B.    6 months

C.    9 months

D.    18 months

E.     * 12 months

846.         nWhat dose of aminoglycosides (gentamicin) is used for pyelonephritis ntreatment in children?

A.    10-20 mg / kg / day

B.    20-50 mg / kg / day

C.    5-10 mg / kg / day

D.    50-100 mg / kg / day

E.     * 4-6 mg / kg / day

847.         nWhat dose of amoxicillin is used for pyelonephritis treatment ichildren?

A.    20-50 mg / kg / day

B.    50-100 mg / kg / day

C.    100-200 mg / Kg / day

D.    150-250 mg / kg / day

E.     * 50-80 mg / kg / day

848.         nWhat dose of nitrofurans is used for pyelonephritis treatment ichildren?

A.    50-100 mg / kg / day

B.    1-2 mg / kg / day

C.    15-20 mg / kg / day

D.    20-50 mg / kg / day

E.     * 5-10 mg / kg / day

849.         nWhich of the following preventive measures is the most effective whehypovitaminosis D?

A.    Storage of food at low ntemperatures

B.    The use of refined ncarbohydrates

C.    Use fresh vegetables and nfruits

D.    Prevent the formation of nsmog

E.     * Sunbathing

850.         nIn which period of rickets Spasmophylia is usually developde?

A.    height

B.    initial

C.    residual

D.    anyone

E.     * convalescence

851.         nRapid intravenous injection of calcium preparations may cause:

A.    bradycardia

B.    apnea

C.    tachycardia

D.    arrhythmia

E.     * bronchospasm

852.         nThe immediate cause of spasmophylia is:

A.    hypoglycemia

B.    hypophosphatemia

C.    hypoproteinemia

D.    hypolipidemia

E.     * hypocalcemia

853.         nVitamin D in case of spasmophylia is appointed after seizures through:

A.    1 – 2 days

B.    3 – 4 weeks

C.    3 – 4 months

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * 3 – 4 days

854.         nWhat product must be limited to children with spasmophylia?

A.    breast milk

B.    vegetable puree

C.    cereal porridges

D.    eggs

E.     * cow’s milk

855.         nDoses of vitamin D in the treatment of rickets depends on:

A.    child’s weight

B.    body surface

C.    age child

D.    everything is correct

E.     * severity of illness

856.         nWhat is the duration of rickets treatment?

A.    15 – 30 days

B.    10 – 15 days

C.    45 – 60 days

D.    5 – 7 days

E.     * 30 – 45 days

857.         nWhat is the duration of the rickets initial period?

A.    1 – 4 days

B.    1 – 4 months

C.    1 – 4 years

D.    1 – 4 hours

E.     * 1 – 4 weeks

858.         nWhat concentration of calcium gluconate is used for spasmophylia ntreatment ?

A.    1 – 2% solution

B.    0,1 – 0,2% solution

C.    10 – 20% solution

D.    3 – 5% solution

E.     * 5% – 10% solution

859.         nIn order to eliminate alkalosis children with spasmophylia receive:

A.    Calcium chloride

B.    Sodium chloride

C.    Potassium chloride

D.    Physiologic saline

E.     * Ammonium chloride

860.         nDaily dose of vitamin D for term infants (the method of “small ndoses”) is:

A.    100 IU

B.    1,000 IU

C.    2,000 IU

D.    5,000 IU

E.     * 500 IU

861.         nThe daily dose of vitamin D3 for treatment of rickets nis:

A.    1,000 – 2,000 IU

B.    500 – 1,000 IU

C.    5,000 – 10,000 IU

D.    500 – 1,000 IU

E.     * 2,000 – 5,000 IU

862.         nCarpopedal spasm – is:

A.    hands and feet muscles nclonic contractions

B.    tonic contractions of nfacial muscles

C.    tonic contractions of nglottis

D.    convulsions

E.     * hands and feet muscles ntonic contractions

863.         nAcid – base balance in rickets is:

A.    shifted toward alkalosis n

B.    not changed

C.    everything is wrong

D.    everything is correct

E.     * shifted toward acidosis n

864.         nWhat is the criterion for vitamin D course completion in rickets ntreatment?

A.    increased muscle tone

B.    normalization of sleep

C.    closure of a large nfontanel

D.    everything is correct

E.     * normalization of nbiochemical changes

865.         nLaboratory changes in the peak of rickets include:

A.    hypercalcemia

B.    hyperphosphatemia

C.    alkalosis

D.    reduction of alkaline nphosphatase

E.     * increase alkaline nphosphatase

866.         nWhat are laboratory criteria of spasmophylia?

A.    hyponatremia

B.    kaliopenia

C.    hypophosphataemia

D.    hypernatremia

E.     * hypocalcemia

867.         nWhat is the most dangerous manifestation of carpopedal spasm?

A.    spasm of the hands muscles n

B.    spasm of the smooth nmuscles

C.    spasm of masticatory nmuscles

D.    spasm of respiratory nmuscles

E.     * spasm of the heart nmuscle

868.         nThe highest level of phosphorus in the blood occurs in patients with nrickets:

A.    during the height period

B.    in the initial period

C.    in the residual period

D.    constantly

E.     * during convalescence

869.         nThe initial period of rickets is mostly diagnosed to the child of:

A.    2-3 months old

B.    3-5 months old

C.    5-7 months old

D.    After 1 year

E.     * 1 month

870.         nThe normal level of phosphorus in the blood is observed in:

A.    height period of rickets

B.    convalescence period of nrickets

C.    initial period of nrickets

D.    constantly

E.     * residual period of nrickets

871.         nRickets provoking factor is feeding with overload of:

A.    fat

B.    protein

C.    vitamins

D.    minerals

E.     * carbohydrates

872.         nIn the initial period of rickets study of the nervous system detect:

A.    muscular hypertension

B.    muscle atrophy

C.    decreasing muscular nstrength

D.    muscle pain

E.     * muscular hypotension

873.         nWhat is the activity of alkaline phosphatase in the initial stage of nrickets?

A.    normal

B.    reduced

C.    invariable

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * increased

874.         nIn rickets the deformation of the chest appears in:

A.    1 -3 months

B.    6 – 9 months

C.    9 – 12 months

D.    0 – 1 month

E.     * 3 – 6 months

875.         nIn rickets the deformation of the lower extremities occurs in:

A.    3 – 6 months

B.    6 – 9 months

C.    1 – 3 months

D.    0 – 1 month

E.     * 9 – 12 month

876.         nIn rickets the bones of the skull are affected in:

A.    3 – 6 months

B.    6 – 9 months

C.    9 – 12 month

D.    0 – 1 month

E.     * 1 -3 month

877.         nWhat is one of the hypocalcemia mechanisms in spasmophylia?

A.    hyperparathyroidism

B.    hyperthyroidism

C.    hypotyroidism

D.    hypogonadism

E.     * hypoparatyroidism

878.         nAnticonvulsant therapy is prescribed in spasmophylia simultaneously nwith:

A.    Vitamin D

B.    detoxication therapy

C.    rehydration therapy

D.    antipyretics

E.     * calcium supplementatio

879.         nWhat is Maslov sign in spasmophylia?

A.    rapid feet abductiowhen tapped below the fibular

B.    contraction of the nfacial muscles when tapped in the facial nerve area

C.    fingers convulsions wheshoulder compression

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * stop of breathing at a nlight skin pricks

880.         nWhat is Chvostek sign in spasmophylia?

A.    stop of breathing at a nlight skin pricks

B.    rapid feet abductiowhen tapped below the fibular

C.    fingers convulsions wheshoulder compression

D.    everything is wrong

E.     * contraction of the nfacial muscles when tapped in the facial nerve area

881.         nWhen is done specific antenatal prevention of rickets for healthy npregnant women?

A.    In 24 – 28 weeks of ngestation

B.    It is not needed

C.    throughout the pregnancy n

D.    before delivery

E.     * In 28 – 32 weeks of ngestation

882.         nSpecific prevention of rickets for full-term children begins:

A.    from their birth

B.    on the sixth month of nlife

C.    on the tenth month of nlife

D.    on the third month of nlife

E.     * on the second month of nlife

883.         nWhat is the daily dose of vitamin D3 for the antenatal prevention of nrickets in healthy pregnant women?

A.    200 IU

B.    500 IU

C.    100 IU

D.    2000 IU

E.     * 1000 IU

884.         nSpecific prevention of rickets to preterm children begins:

A.    from their birth

B.    on the sixth month of nlife

C.    on the tenth month of nlife

D.    on the second month of nlife

E.     * in two weeks of life

885.         nWhat peculiarity can be cause of conjunctivitis in case of upper nrespiratory tract infection in early age children more often?

A.    Decrease of local immune nresponse

B.    *Nasolacrimal duct is nshort

C.    Contagion is high

D.    Rubbing eyes

E.     Wrong blowing nose

886.         nWhen sinuses development in children will finish?

A.    Before birth

B.    to 1 year

C.    to 3 years

D.    to 5 years

E.     *to 12 years

887.         nWhat medical term is synonym for “laryngitis”?

A.    *Croup

B.    Epiglottitis

C.    Vocalitis

D.    Tonsillitis

E.     Chondritis

888.         nWhat organs are connected by Eustachian tube?

A.    *the middle ear & the nthroat

B.    the middle ear & larynx

C.    the inner ear & the nthroat

D.    the inner ear & the nmiddle ear

E.     the outer ear & the nmiddle ear

889.         nWhat is feature of the right primary bronchus?

A.    *Is like a direct nextension of the trachea

B.    Look like is separated nfrom the trachea.

C.    Has specific structure

D.    Is longer than left one

E.     Is thinner than left one

890.         nWhat is feature of the left primary bronchus?

A.    Is like a direct nextension of the trachea

B.    *Look like is separated nfrom the trachea.

C.    Has specific structure

D.    Is shorter than right none

E.     Is wider than right one

891.         nWhat is typical orientation of the ribs in the infant?

A.    *Horizontal

B.    Downward

C.    Upward

D.    Without typical norientation

E.     Puerile

892.         nWhat is typical orientation of the ribs in 10 years old children?

A.    Horizontal

B.    *Downward

C.    Upward

D.    Without typical norientation

E.     Puerile

893.         nBreathing: pulse ratio from birth till 1 month of life:

A.    *1:3

B.    1:4

C.    1:5

D.    1:2

E.     1:6

894.         nBreathing: pulse ratio from 8 till 14 years of life:

A.    1:3

B.    *1:4

C.    1:5

D.    1:2

E.     1:6

895.         nWhat is average respiratory rate at rest of newborn?

A.    25 per minute

B.    *40-60 per minute

C.    16-20 per minute

D.    More then 60 per minute

E.     Less then 25 per minute

896.         nWhat is average respiratory rate at rest of 5-year-old child?

A.    *25 per minute

B.    40-60 per minute

C.    16-20 per minute

D.    More then 60 per minute

E.     Less then 25 per minute

897.         nChoose description of «Hyperpnea»:

A.    *Increase of the nrespiratory depth

B.    Increase of respiratory nrate and depth

C.    Increase of the nrespiratory rate

D.    Distress during nbreathing

E.     Cessation of breathing

898.         nKussmaul respiration is characterized by:

A.    *Slow deep breathing, nhyperventilation, gasping and labored respiration

B.    Totally irregular nbreathing with no pattern

C.    Cyclical increase and ndecrease in depth of respiration

D.    The chest falls oinspiration and rises on expiration

E.     Decrease depth and nirregular rhythm of respiration

899.         nWhat sounds you can determine over solid areas during percussion of the nlung?

A.    Resonant

B.    Hyper-resonance

C.    Tympanic

D.    *Flat

E.     Cracked-pot sound

900.         nChoose description of Seesaw (paradoxic) respirations:

A.    cyclical increase and ndecrease in depth of respiration

B.    slow deep breathing, nhyperventilation, gasping and labored respiration

C.    *the chest falls oinspiration and rises on expiration.

D.    totally irregular nrespirations with no pattern

E.     an increasing of rate nand depth of respiration

901.         nWhen does a hyper resonant (ban-box) sound may be determined during npercussion of the lung?

A.    *Asthma

B.    Pneumonia

C.    Pleural effusions

D.    Haemothorax

E.     Hydrothorax

902.         nWhat sounds are soft, blowing, lower pitched during auscultation of the nlung?

A.    *Vesicular

B.    Bronchial

C.    Tracheal

D.    Puerile

E.     Wheezes

903.         nWhat sounds are loud and high in pitch with a short pause betweeinspiration and expiration during uscultation of the lung?

A.    Vesicular

B.    *Bronchial

C.    Tracheal

D.    Puerile

E.     Wheezes

904.         nDuring auscultation of the lung louder shot inspiration and a hollow nexpiratory phase, blowing haracter is typical for:

A.    Vesicular breath

B.    Bronchial breath

C.    Tracheal breath

D.    *Puerile breath

E.     Wheezes

905.         nChoose group of sounds, which can be determined over the normal lung ntissue:

A.    *Tracheal, bronchial, nbroncho-vesicular and vesicular sounds

B.    Wheeze, bronchial, nbroncho-vesicular and vesicular sounds

C.    Tracheal, bronchial, broncho-vesicular nsounds, rhonchi

D.    Tracheal, bronchial, nbroncho-vesicular sounds, crackles

E.     Tracheal, bronchial, nrales, vesicular sounds

906.         nPuerile breath during auscultation of the lung is typical for:

A.    Pneumonia

B.    Atelectasis

C.    *Healthy children till nthree years old

D.    Healthy children after nage 3 years

E.     Asthma

907.         nBronchial breath sound is abnormal in such places during auscultation of nthe lung:

A.    Over the large airways

B.    Over the manubrium of nthe sternum

C.    *Peripheral areas of the nlung

D.    In the anterior chest nwall

E.     In the posterior right ninterscapular space

908.         nWhat types of breath sounds are «adventitious» breath sounds?

A.    *Rales, wheezes, pleural nfriction rubs, stridor

B.    Rales, wheezes, puerile nsounds, stridor

C.    Rales, ban-box, pleural nfriction rubs, stridor

D.    Crackles, wheezes, npleural friction rubs, vesicular sounds

E.     Crackles, wheezes, npleural friction rubs, tracheal sounds

909.         nStridor can be indicative of:

A.    Pneumonia

B.    *Serious airway nobstruction

C.    Bronchial asthma

D.    Purulent bronchitis

E.     Satisfactory condition

910.         nCrackles are often associated with inflammation or infection of the

A.    *Small bronchi, nbronchioles and alveoli

B.    Large bronchi

C.    Pleural surfaces

D.    Trachea

E.     Larynx

911.         nWhat is definition of Wheeze?

A.    Discontinuous, nnonmusical, brief sounds heard more commonly on inspiration

B.    Low-pitched, grating, or ncreaking sounds

C.    High-pitched harsh sound nheard during inspiration

D.    *Continuous, high npitched, hissing, whistling or sibilant sounds

E.     Soft, blowing, lower npitched and softer than bronchial breathing

912.         nCrackles are often associated with:

A.    *Pneumonia

B.    Bronchitis

C.    Tracheitis

D.    Laryngitis

E.     Pleurisy

913.         nWheezes are often associated with:

A.    Pneumonia

B.    *Bronchitis

C.    Tracheitis

D.    Laryngitis

E.     Pleurisy

914.         nDyspnea with long wheezing expiration, skin pallor with cyanotic shade, nstrain of neck muscles are  ypical for:

A.    Convulsive

B.    *Asthmatic

C.    Laryngospasm

D.    Hyperthermic

E.     Comatose

915.         nWhich information is most important in rheumatic fever?

A.    A fever that started 3 ndays ago

B.    Lack of interest in food

C.    *A recent episode of npharyngitis

D.    Vomiting for 2 days

E.     Artralgia 1 month ago

916.         nUrinalysis includes following information EXEPT:

A.    Colour of urine

B.    Specific gravity

C.    Level of protein, nglucose

D.    Quantity of WBC and RBC

E.     *Daily urine volume

917.         nHow to collect urine for urinalysis:

A.    Collect the morning nmiddle portion of urine, after careful washing

B.    Collect all urine during nnight

C.    Collect urine during 24 nhours (8 portions)

D.    Collect the middle nportion of urine in any time of the day, after careful washing

E.     *Collect all morning nurine after careful washing

918.         nHow to collect urine for Zimnitsky’s test?

A.    Collect the morning nurine, middle portion, after careful washing

B.    Collect all urine during nnight

C.    *Collect urine during 24 nhours (8 portions)

D.    Collect the middle nportion of urine in any time of the day, after careful washing

E.     Collect all morning nurine after careful washing

919.         nMild proteinuria is typical for all diseases, except:

A.    Cystitis

B.    Urethritis

C.    Vulvovaginitis

D.    *Glomerulonephritis with nnephrotic syndrome

E.     Pyelopephritis

920.         nNechyporenko urine test is used for evaluation of the cells in:

A.    0.1 ml of urine

B.    *1 ml of urine

C.    5 ml of urine

D.    10 ml of urine

E.     1 L of urine

921.         nNephrotic syndrome is characterized by (choose the most correct nstatement)\:{

A.    Heavy proteinuria, nhematuria, hypoproteinemia

B.    *Hypertension, hematuria

C.    Hypoalbuminemia, nproteinuria, edema

D.    Pain in lumbar region, nintoxication

E.     Isolated hematuria or npyuria, proteinuria

922.         nWhat laboratory sign is the most typical for pyelonephritis?

A.    * active leucocytes iurine;

B.    considerable nproteinuria;

C.    uraturia;

D.    oxalaturia;

E.     glucosuria.

923.         nSignificant proteinuria is the most typical for:

A.    Cystitis

B.    Uretritis

C.    Vulvovaginitis

D.    *  Glomerulonephritis

E.     Pyelopephritis

924.         nRenal function can be indicated by all tests, EXCEPT:

A.    Glomerular filtratiorate

B.    Plasma Creatinine level

C.    Plasma Urea level

D.    Zimnitsky’s test

E.     * Nechyporenko test

925.         nThe most common bacteria in acute bacterial pyelonephritis is:

A.    Klebsiella

B.    Chlamydia

C.    * E. Coli

D.    Pseudomonas

E.     Candida

926.         nThe most diagnostic value of excretory urography is in case of:

A.    Glomerulonephritis

B.    Amiloidosis

C.    * Pyelonephritis

D.    Nephrotic syndrome

E.     Renal tumour

927.         nWhat day / night diuresis ratio is normal?

A.    1\:1

B.    * 2\:1

C.    1\:2

D.    4\:5

E.     6\:1

928.         nThe urine bladder-ureters reflux in children under 3 years is mainly ncaused by:

A.    the presence of nphysiological kinks (twists), when ureters are situated near the pelvic big nvessels

B.    *  bad development of muscles layer of ureters

C.    puffiness and good nvascularization of ureters mucous membrane

D.    more length of ureters nin children unders 7 years

E.     more narrow ureters  in children unders 7 years (constricted nureters)

929.         nUrinary syndrome indicates makrohematuriya, protein 1.6 g / liter. Which nthe disease is characterized y such changes?

A.    * Glomerulonephritis

B.    isolated urinary nsyndrome

C.    pyelonephritis

D.    cystitis

E.     urolithiasis

930.         nUrinary syndrome is characterized by (choose the most correct nstatement):

A.    Heavy proteinuria, nhematuria, edema

B.    Hypertension, hematuria

C.    Hypoalbuminemia, heavy nproteinuria, edema

D.    Pain in lumbar region, nintoxication

E.     * Isolated hematuria or npyuria, proteinuria

931.         nWhat amount of protein in urine is it typical for  urinary syndrome?

A.    * till to 3,5 g/day;

B.    3,5 g/day;

C.    5,5 g/day;

D.    6,5 g/day;

E.     9,5 g/day.

932.         nUrine microscopic examination should include all of the following nEXCEPT:

A.    Salts crystals

B.    Cells

C.    Casts

D.    Microbes

E.     *  Glucose

933.         nWhat findings in urinalysis are typical for nephritic syndrome?

A.    * Hematuria and mild nproteinuria

B.    Hematuria and severe nproteinuria

C.    Isolated proteinuria

D.    Hematuria and pyuria

E.     No pathological findings

934.         nWhat color of urine is typical for the glomerulonephritis?

A.    Dark brown urine

B.    *  Light brown urine (beer color)

C.    Bright red

D.    Dark violet

E.     Colorless

935.         nWhat does kidney hyperplasia mean?

A.    Congenital decrease of nkidney sizes

B.    *  Congenital increase of kidney sizes

C.    Congenital cystic ntransformation of  kidneys

D.    Congenital tubular ndisorders of  kidneys

E.     Congenital glomerular ndisorders of  kidneys

936.         nWhat examination does belong to contrast X-ray examination of kidney?

A.    * Excretory urography

B.    Radionuclide renogram

C.    Scintigraphy

D.    Radionuclide cystography

E.     All mentioned above

937.         nDefinition of ishuria:

A.    absence of urinatiobecause of affection of kidney excretory function

B.    * absence of urinatiobecause of impossibility to discharge urine from the bladder

C.    increase of amount of nurine more than 2 litres per day

D.    decrease of amount  of urine less  nthan 1 litre per day

E.     amount of excreted urine nis 0-30 ml per day because of affection of kidney excretory function

938.         nDefinition of anuria:

A.    absence of urinatiobecause of affection of kidney excretory function

B.    absence of urinatiobecause of impossibility to discharge urine from the bladder

C.    increase of amount of nurine more than 2 litres per day

D.    decrease of amount  of urine less  nthan 1 litre per day

E.     * amount of urine nexcreted per day is 0-30 ml per day because of affection of kidney excretory nunction

939.         nDefinition of pollakiuria:

A.    decrease of urinary nvolume per day

B.    increase of urinary nvolume per day.

C.    * increase of urinary nfrequency per day

D.    absence of urination

E.     increase of urinary nfrequency per day

940.         nDefinition of polyuria:

A.    increase of urinary nfrequency per day

B.    *  passage of large volumes of urine per day

C.    passage of small volumes nof urine per day

D.    increase of urine nspecific gravity

E.     decrease of urine nspecific gravity.

941.         nDefinition of stranguria:

A.    increase of urinary nfrequency per day

B.    * painful urination

C.    decrease of urine nspecific gravity

D.    increase of urine nspecific gravity

E.     absence of urination

942.         nEdema, high proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, dysproteinemia, hypercholesterolemia nare typical for:

A.    Urinary syndrome

B.    Nephritic one

C.    * Nephrotic syndrome

D.    Hypertensive syndrome

E.     Renal eclampsia.

943.         nWhat urine test does concentration function of kidneys define?

A.    Urinalysis

B.    Nechyporenko’s test

C.    *  Zymnytsky’s test

D.    Creatinine clearance ntest

E.     Reberg’s test

944.         nWhat urine test does filtration function of kidneys define?

A.    Urinalysis

B.    Nechyporenko’s test

C.    Zymnytsky’s test

D.    *  Creatinine clerance test

E.     Reberg’s test

945.         nWhich of syndrom is NOT typical clinical criterion of acute npyelonephritis?

A.    Dysuria

B.    *  Edema

C.    Syndrome of intoxication

D.    Pyuria

E.     Leucocytosis

946.         nPositive Erb, Trousseau, Maslov symptoms are typical for

A.    Renal eclampsia

B.    Hyperthermia

C.    Epilepsy

D.    Meningoencephalitis

E.     * Spasmophylia

947.         nAfter the emergency treatment of the child with spasmophylia further ntherapeutic tactics is:

A.    Assign vitamin D idoses of 2000 IU a week supplementation with calcium.

B.    Assign vitamin D idoses of 4000 IU once.

C.    Do not assign vitamin D

D.    Assign vitamin D idoses of 500 IU immediately

E.     * Assign vitamin D idoses of 500 IU a week supplementation with calcium.

948.         nSoft edge of a large fontanel, softening of the occipital bone in baby nwith rickets are typical for such ourse of the disease:

A.    Subacute

B.    Recurrent

C.    Latent

D.    Limp

E.     * Acute

949.         nIncrease the frontal and parietal tuber, thickened edges of large nfontanel, ribs “rosary” are typical for uch course of the rickets:

A.    Acute

B.    Recurrent

C.    Latent

D.    Limp

E.     * Subacute

950.         nIncrease of frontal and parietal tubers, ribs “rosary”, n”bracelets”, “string of pearls”, thickening of the arge nfontanelle edges, increased liver, Harrison’s groove. What course of rickets ithis child?

A.    Acute

B.    Recurrent

C.    Latent

D.    Limp

E.     * Subacute

951.         nWhich clinical symptoms indicate the moderate severity of rickets?

A.    Harrison’s groove

B.    The predominance of nosteoid hyperplasia

C.    The predominance of nosteomalacia

D.    The age of 7 months

E.     * The presence of bone nchanges simultaneously on the head and trunk.

952.         nHow it is possible to confirm the diagnosis of a spasmophilia?

A.    To do Sulkovitch’s test

B.    To determine a level of npotassium in a blood

C.    To determine a level of nmagnesium in a blood

D.    To click the radical of ntongue

E.     * To test Hvostek, Lust nsigns

953.         nWhat changes of muscular system will be present in initial stage of a nrickets?

A.    Hypertonia of muscles

B.    Muscle atrophy

C.    Decrease of muscles nforces

D.    Increase of muscles  forces

E.     * Hypotonia of muscles

954.         nWhat medicine must be prescribed fr child with gastroenteral nenzymopathy?

A.    Antibacterial therapy

B.    Immunostimulators

C.    Sorbents

D.    Multivitamins

E.     * Enzymes and bacterial ndrugs

955.         nWhat from this is better to prescribe the child to correct ndysbacteriosis?

A.    Festal

B.    Apilac

C.    Ampicillin

D.    Nistatin

E.     * Bifidumbacterin

956.         nWater deficiency dehydration is characterized by such dates of nlaboratory examinations:

A.    Decrease of hematocrit

B.    Decrease of K, Na, Cl nlevel in the blood, considerable increase of hematocrit

C.    Decrease of K, Na, Cl nlevel in the blood

D.    Detection of a bacterial ninfection

E.     * Increase of potassium nlevel

957.         nWhat investigation will confirm the Salmonellosis?

A.    General blood test.

B.    Bacteriological nexamination of cerebrospinal fluid.

C.    Bacteriological ninvestigation of nasal swab.

D.    Bacteriological ninvestigation of pharyngeal swab.

E.     * Bacteriological nexamination of the feces on dysentery, typhoid, paratyphoid fever.

958.         nWhat duration of the food tolerance determination period in Malnutritio1st degree?

A.    1-2 weeks

B.    2-3 weeks

C.    7-14 days

D.    3-4 weeks

E.     * 1-3 days

959.         nHow to correct the deficit of the protein?

A.    By the Porridge

B.    By the Vegetable puree

C.    By the Yoghurt

D.    By the Fruit juice

E.     * By the pot cheese

960.         nChoose a physiometric method of investigation from the below given:

A.    Determination of thorax nform

B.    Determination of nvertebra form

C.    Determination of body nweight

D.    Measurement of growth

E.     * Determination of vital ncapacity of lungs

961.         nWhat diagnostic method can determine pneumopathy’s type in the child?

A.    Immunologic ninvestigation

B.    Blood gases

C.    Proteinogram

D.    Blood test

E.     * Chest X-ray

962.         nWhat drugs will be used as a base therapy for child with obstructive nbronchitis?

A.    Antibiotics

B.    Antiallergic medicine

C.    Mucolytics

D.    Hormons

E.     * Broncholytics

963.         nWhat degree of larynx stenosis is characterized by inspiratory dyspnea, ntachypnea, tachycardia, yanosis of the lips, tip of the nose and fingers, cool nperspiration, intercostal spaces involvement at breathing?

A.    I

B.    II

C.    IV

D.    V

E.     * III

964.         nRough barking cough, hoarseness of the voice, expressed inspiratory ndyspnea, involvement of the uxiliary musculature in breathing, skin pallor, ntachycardia describe:

A.    Pneumonia

B.    Bronchiolitis

C.    Obstructive bronchitis

D.    Pharyngitis

E.     * Croup syndrome

965.         nWhat is single dose of panadol?

A.    0.05 g/kg

B.    0.1 g/kg

C.    0.2 g/kg

D.    0.3 g/kg

E.     * 0.01 g/kg

966.         nOn X-ray: lungs’ roots are broad, infiltrated, and in both sides are nlittle shadows. What form of an cute pneumonia corresponds with this X-ray?

A.    Interstitial

B.    Monosegmental

C.    Polysegmental

D.    Crupose

E.     * Bronchopneumonia

967.         nWhat bacteria cause the interstitial pneumonia more often?

A.    Staphylococcus

B.    Streptococcus

C.    Pneumocysta

D.    Pneumococcus

E.     * Klebsiella

968.         nWhat auscultation picture is typical for focal bronchopneumonia ichild?

A.    Diffuse dry rales

B.    Rough breathing

C.    Diffuse wet rales

D.    Decrease breathing

E.     * Local wet rales

969.         nWhat medication should be applied for emergency aid in case of Quincke’s nedema?

A.    Adrenalin

B.    Furosemide

C.    Heparin

D.    Seduxen

E.     * Prednisolone

970.         nWhat changes in the blood analysis give us the possibility to prove nallergic etiology of disorders?

A.    Anemia

B.    Lymphocytosis

C.    Neutrophylosis

D.    Erythremia

E.     * Eosynophylia

971.         nWhat from parameter will help to confirm the rheumatoid arthritis most nfaithfully?

A.    Hyperazotemia

B.    Presence of LE-cells iblood

C.    Hypergammaglobulinemia

D.    Thrombocytopenia

E.     * C-reactive protein

972.         nWhat indicator is connected with possible etiology of the rheumatic nprocess?

A.    Seromucoid

B.    Creatinkinase

C.    1-antitrypsine

D.    Rheumatic factor

E.     * Antistreptolysine-0

973.         nWhat medication is the most expedient for secondary prevention of nrheumatic fever?

A.    Erythromycin

B.    Bicillin-1

C.    Ampicillin

D.    Oxacillin

E.     * Bicillin-5

974.         nWhat complication is the most possible to reveal in rheumatoid narthritis, monoarticular form?

A.    Stomatitis

B.    Pulmonitis

C.    Nephritis

D.    Carditis

E.     * Uveitis

975.         nWhat etiologic factor caused rheumatic arthritis?

A.    Virus

B.    Staphylococcus

C.    Pneumococcus

D.    Fungus

E.     * Beta hemolytic streptococcus n

976.         nWhat is most reasonable to prescribe for long-term therapy of child with nrheumatoid arthritis, polyarticular form ?

A.    Aspirin

B.    Azulfadine

C.    Delagyl

D.    Prednisolopulse-therapy

E.     * Methothrexat

977.         nWhat dose of prednisolone must be used at the beginning of treatment of nchild with acute rheumatic carditis?

A.    mg\kg\day

B.    3 mg\kg\day

C.    1 mg\kg\day

D.    5 mg\kg\day

E.     * 0,5 mg\kg\day

978.         nWhat method of examination is the most informative in case of dilated nheart boarders to the left side, aortic systolic murmur?

A.    Sphygmography

B.    Phonocardiography

C.    X-ray

D.    Coronarography

E.     * Echocardiography

979.         nWhat is the most efficient examination for valvular disorder assessment? n

A.    Ballistocardiogram

B.    Chest X-ray

C.    Phonocardiography

D.    ECG

E.     * Echocardiography + nDoppler-Echocardiography

980.         nIrregularity of development of the upper and lower parts of body, nhypotonia of muscles of the feet, an bsent pulsation on the femoral arteries, nsystolic murmur in intrascapular region were revealed. What athology may be nsuspected in the patient?

A.    Kawasaki disease 

B.    Takajasu disease 

C.    Aneurysm of aorta

D.    Nothing of these

E.     * Coartation of the aorta

981.         nThe patient with aquired heart failure has diastolic pressure 0 mm Hg. nWhat heart failure does the hild have?

A.    Rheumatic carditis

B.    Aortic stenosis

C.    Mitral insufficiency

D.    Mitral stenosis

E.     * Aortic insufficiency

982.         nWhat is the most probable leading mechanism of ulcer disease ndevelopment?

A.    Dietary allergy

B.    Reduced prostaglandisynthesis

C.    Disorder of gastric nmotor activity

D.    Autoantibody production

E.     * Helicobacterial ninfection

983.         nWhat is the most effective medication to treat ulcer defect of the nmucous membrane of the duodenum in child?

A.    Almagel

B.    Papaverin

C.    No-spa

D.    Atropin

E.     * De-nol

984.         nWhat method of investigation will be the most useful for proof of ulcer ndisease?

A.    Ultrasound examinatioof abdomen

B.    pH-metry

C.    Ureatic test

D.    Stomach X-ray

E.     * nEsophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy

985.         nWhat is the etiology of chronic antral gastritis?

A.    St. Aureus 

B.    beta-hemolytic nstreptococcus of group A

C.    Candida 

D.    Enterovirus 

E.     * Неlicobacter pylori 

986.         nWhat is the main diagnostic sign of functional disturbance of the nstomach?  

A.    Abdominal pain 

B.    Regurgitation by nair 

C.    Signs of chronic nintoxication 

D.    Decrease of the nappetite 

E.     * Absence of the organic nchanges during esophagogastroduodenoscopy

987.         nChoose a drug for correction of the motility in case of duodenogastral nreflux ІІ degree.

A.    Imodium 

B.    Gastrocepin 

C.    Halidor 

D.    Dicitel 

E.     * Motilium 

988.         nWhat drugs should be assigned for treatment of hypertonic biliary ndyskinesia first of all?

A.    Sedative and ncholikinetics

B.    Choleretics and ncholikinetics

C.    Antioxidants 

D.    Antibiotics 

E.     * Spasmolitics and ncholeretics

989.         nWhat drugs should be assigned for treatment of hypotonic biliary ndyskinesia?

A.    Analgetics  

B.    Choleretics  

C.    Cholekinetics

D.    Spasmolitics

E.     * Choleretics and ncholikinetics

990.         nFor what type of biliary dyskinesia periodic short-lived cutting pain ithe right subcostal area, which occurs after the greasy food, is typical?

A.    Hypotonic

B.    Dystonic

C.    Hepatalgic

D.    Asthenic

E.     * Hypertonic

991.         nEdema, arterial hypertension, hematuria, proteinuria (1,8 g/per day), ngranular and erythrocital casts are typical for:

A.    Pylonephritis

B.    Cystitis

C.    Intestinal nephritis

D.    Renal amyloidosis

E.     * Glomerulonephritis

992.         nFever, frequent painful urination, changes in urinalysis (proteinuria n[0,066 g/L], leukocytouria [entirely within eyeshot]), bacteriuria [105 colony nforming units/mL] are typical for:

A.    Acute glomerulonephritis

B.    Acute cystitis

C.    Dysmetabolic nephropathy

D.    Urolithiasis

E.     * Acute pyelonephritis

993.         nWhich of the following is the most appropriate test for prescribing of netiotropic treatment of client with pielonephritis?

A.    Nechiprenko test

B.    Zimnitsky test

C.    Cystography

D.    Intravenous urography

E.     * Urine culture

994.         nWhat biochemical index is of the greatest diagnostic importance in case nof acute glomerulonephritis?

A.    Uric acid

B.    Fibrinogen

C.    Blood sodium

D.    Blood bilirubin

E.     * Blood creatinine

995.         nMild generalized edema, increased blood pressure, and the urinalysis nshowed increased protein, red cell casts and hyaline casts are typical for:

A.    Acute npyelonephritis 

B.    Rheumatic fever 

C.    Essential nhypertension 

D.    Bacterial nendocarditis 

E.     * Acute nglomerulonephritis 

996.         nWhat nutrition recommendations are the most suitable for the patient nwith chronic renal failure first degree?

A.    Ingestion with the nincreased content of the “alkaline”

B.    Fluid amount increase

C.    Adipose control

D.    Carbohydrate control

E.     * Protein control

997.         nDecrease of urine volume (200 mL per day), peripheral and cavity edema nwere revealed. Urinanalysis: protein 3,6 g/L. What is the most likely ndiagnosis?

A.    Interstitial nephritis

B.    Infection of urinarytract

C.    Chronic nglomerulonephritis

D.    Acute glomerulonephritis nwith nephritic syndrome

E.     * Acute nglomerulonephritis with nephrotic syndrome

998.         nProteinuria – 7.1 g/L, protein in daily urine – 4.2 g. Blood biochemical nprofile: stable hypoproteinaemia (43.2 g/L), hypercholesterinaemia (9.2 nmmol/L). Which variant of glomerulonephritis is the most probable in this case?

A.    Islated urinary

B.    Hematuric

C.    Mixed

D.    Nephritic

E.     * Nephrotic

999.         nWhat is the urine color of the patient with acute poststreptococcal nglomerulonephritis?

A.    dark brown urine

B.    bright red

C.    dark violet

D.    pink

E.     * smokey brown urine

1000.     What specific changes ithe blood will be present in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis?

A.    increases bilirubin

B.    decline of ESR

C.    increases cholesterol

D.    increases transaminases

E.     * increases kreatinine

1001.     In the complete analysis nof urine: dark color of urine, protein is 0,98 g/l, leucocytes 3-2 in a visual, nerythrocytes – 1/3 of visual field, hyaline casts 1-2 in a visual field are nobserved. What variant of acute glomerulonephritis is more reliable in this child? 

A.    Nephrotic

B.    Nephritic

C.    Nephrotic syndrome, nhematuria and arterial hypertension

D.    Sub acute malignant nglomerulonephritis

E.     * Isolated urine syndrome

1002.     Appearance of a lot of nchanged red blood cells in the urine (1/2 of visual field) can be caused of:

A.    Uncomplicated nurolithiasis

B.    acute cystitis

C.    paranephritis

D.    cancer of urinary nbladder

E.     * acute nglomerulonephritis

1003.     What etiological factor nis cause of rheumatic carditis?

A.    Staphylococcus

B.    Pneumococcus

C.    Virus

D.    Fungus

E.     * Beta-hemolytic nstreptococcus

1004.     Results of urinalysis: urine nis brown, specific gravity -1025, protein – 1,2 g/l, erythrocytes cover all visual nfield, casts 1-2 in a visual field. Protein in day’s urine – 0,78 gr. Such lab nchanges are typical for:

A.    Acute glomerulonephritis nwith nephrotic syndrome

B.    Urolythiasis

C.    Acute glomerulonephritis nwith nephrotic syndrome, hematuria and arterial hypertension

D.    Acute glomerulonephritis nwith isolated urine syndrome

E.     * Acute nglomerulonephritis with nephritic syndrome

1005.     In the patient’s urine nsediment 5-6 leucocytes and single fresh erythrocytes in a vision field were found. nWhat investigation must be appointed to a patient for clarification of ndiagnosis?

A.    total blood count

B.    ECG

C.    Zimnitsky test

D.    determination of daily nproteinuria

E.     * Nechyporenko test

1006.     Appearance of what nsubstance in urine can be cause of cloudy urine which doesn’t disappear in an hour? n

A.    salts

B.    bilious pigments

C.    glucose

D.    urinary acid

E.     * protein

1007.     Appearance of what nsubstance in urine can be cause of cloudy urine which disappears in an hour?

A.    protein

B.    bilious pigments

C.    glucose

D.    urinary acid

E.     * salts

1008.     Appearance of what nsubstance in urine makes its gravity increased?

A.    salts

B.    protein

C.    bilious pigments

D.    urinary acid

E.     * glucose

1009.     Accumulation of liquid nin subcutaneous fat tissue on whole the body is called as:

A.    Ascites

B.    Hives

C.    Pleurisy

D.    Pericarditis

E.     * Anasarca

1010.     What is the peculiarity nof edema in patient with acute glomerulonephritis?

A.    appears in the evening

B.    first appears on lower nextremities

C.    first appears ooverhead extremities

D.    Early development of nanasarca.

E.     * appears on face in the nmorning

1011.     Complains of edema ithe morning which is located mainly on her face (eyeleads) can be present icase of:

A.    cardiovascular disorder

B.    Neurological pathology

C.    Respiratory system npathology

D.    Digestive diseases

E.     * Urinary system npathology

1012.     What urine color is ntypical for glomerulonephritis?

A.    red

B.    color of beer

C.    sulphur

D.    straw-yellow.

E.     * color of «meat wastes»

1013.     What investigation must nbe done if patient complains of edema below the eyes in the morning?

A.    ECG

B.    Ultrasound of a heart

C.    determination of ncholesterol in blood

D.    Chest X-ray.

E.     * general analysis of nurine

1014.     What pathology is ncharacterized by nocturia?

A.    acute nephritis

B.    diabetes mellitus

C.    chronic cardiac ninsufficiency

D.    diencephalic syndrome.

E.     * chronic kidney ninsufficiency

1015.     Complains on pain isuprapubic area, frequent painful urination by small portions, subfebril nemperature, negative Pasternatsky symptom are typical for:

A.    Dysmetabolic nephropathy

B.    Acute pyelonephritis

C.    Urolithiasis

D.    Acute glomerulonephritis

E.     * Acute cystitis

1016.     What changes ibiochemical blood test can be present in patient with renal failure?

A.    increase of glucose nlevel  in blood

B.    increase of bilirubin

C.    increase of amylaze

D.    increase of alkaline nphosphatase.

E.     * increase of creatinine

1017.     What changes ibiochemical blood test will prove kidney insufficiency?

A.    albuminemia

B.    beta-lipoproteinaemia

C.    hyperbilirubinemia

D.    dysproteinemia.

E.     * creatininemia

1018.     ?Cardiomegaly, steadfast ntachyarrythmia, stagnant rales in both lungs, dyspnea, increased liver to 3 m nwere revealed in child with early congenital carditis. What stage of the ncardiac insufficiency has this child?

A.    I stage

B.    II A

C.    III

D.    IV

E.     *II B

1019.     What investigation is it nnecessary to do to know the level of urinary system damaging?

A.    To take urine by ncatheter

B.    Bacteriological test of nurine

C.    Ultrasound investigatio

D.    Zimnitsky test

E.     * Urographia

1020.     What investigation is it nnecessary to do before etiotropic treatment?

A.    Cystographia

B.    Urogrphia

C.    Zimnitsky test

D.    Nechiporenko test

E.     * Bacteriological test of nurine

1021.     What dates are typical nto diagnose urinary tract infection?

A.    Proteinuria

B.    Castsuria

C.    Erytrocyturia

D.    Hypostenuria

E.     * Bacteruria 105 and more

1022.     What investigation will nprove the genesis of leucocyturia?

A.    Urography

B.    Nechiporenko test

C.    Endogenous creatynine nclearance

D.    Zimnitsky test

E.     * 3 glasses test

1023.     A pain syndrome at ulcer nof duodenum is not characterized by:

A.    “hungry” pain;

B.    nightly pain;

C.    late pain;

D.    * pain immediately after nmeal;

E.     pain after the physical nloading.

1024.     Antibacterial therapy nfor peptic ulcer disease requires the use of:

A.    Analgesics

B.    Antipyretics

C.    * Probiotics

D.    Hormones

E.     Cytostatics

1025.     In case of duodenitis nabdominal pain is increased:

A.    15-30 min. after a meal

B.    30-45 min. after a meal

C.    45-60 min. after a meal

D.    * 1-1,5 hours. after a nmeal

E.     2-2,5 hours. after a nmeal

1026.     In case of gastritis nabdominal pain is increased:

A.    * 15-30 min. after a meal

B.    30-45 min. after a meal

C.    45-60 min. after a meal

D.    1-1,5 hours. after a nmeal

E.     2-2,5 hours. after a nmeal

1027.     Constipation is ncharacteristic for gastritis in patients with:

A.    * increased acid nproduction

B.    normal acid production

C.    decreased acid nproduction

D.    achlorhydria

E.     hypohlorhydria

1028.     Dyspeptic syndrome nincludes next symptoms:

A.    increased levels of ntotal and conjugated bilirubin and cholesterol;

B.    increased levels of nASAT, ALAT, LDG;

C.    increased levels of namylase, tripsin, lipase;

D.    * vomiting, nausea, nheartburn feeling, decrease of appetite;

E.     weakness, lucidity, bad nsleep, headaches, irritability, tearfulness, increased disposition to nerspiration, blue shadows under the eyes.

1029.     Famotidin belongs nto  group of:

A.    antacids

B.    * histamine H2-blockers

C.    proton pump blockers,

D.    reparants

E.     cytoprotectors

1030.     Functional gastric ndisorders include:

A.    Chronic esophagitis.

B.    Chronic gastritis.

C.    * Duodenogastric reflux.

D.    Stomach ulcer.

E.     Chronic duodenitis.

1031.     Gastroesophageal reflux nbelongs to:

A.    Secretory type nfunctional disorders of the stomach.

B.    * Motor type functional ndisorders of the stomach.

C.    Chronic gastritis.

D.    Biliary dyskinesia.

E.     Chronic duodenitis.

1032.     Helicobacter pylori nproduces an enzyme:

A.    lactase

B.    * urease

C.    peptidase

D.    lipase

E.     amylase

1033.     Untreated Helicobacter npylori can lead to:

A.    esophagitis

B.    * gastritis

C.    colitis

D.    hepatitis

E.     uretritis

1034.     In case of disease nassociated with increased gastric acid secretion more prominent is:

A.    n*pain,

B.    dyspepsia,

C.    intoxication

D.    disuria

E.     hemorrhagic syndrome

1035.     What medication is used nfor treatment of gastric ulcer?

A.    Analgene

B.    * De-nol

C.    Essentiale

D.    Prednisolone

E.     Aspirin

1036.     Intoxication syndrome nincludes next symptoms:

A.    increased levels of ntotal and conjugated bilirubin and cholesterol;

B.    increased levels of nASAT, ALAT, LDG;

C.    increased levels of namylase, tripsin, lipase;

D.    vomiting, nausea, nheartburn feeling, decrease of appetite;

E.     * weakness, lucidity, bad nsleep, headaches, irritability, tearfulness, increased disposition to nerspiration, blue shadows under the eyes, functional heart murmur.

1037.     Belching disorders nincludes:

A.    *Aerophagia

B.    Functional omiting

C.    Irritable Bowel Syndrome

D.    Functional Bloating

E.     Functional Constipation

1038.     Functional Bowel nDisorders includes:

A.    Aerophagia

B.    Functional vomiting

C.    *Functional Bloating

D.    Functional dyspepsia

E.     Functional Constipation

1039.     Meteorism is ncharacteristic sign for gastritis with:

A.    increased gastric acid nsecretion

B.    normal gastric acid nsecretion

C.    * decreased gastric acid nsecretion

D.    achlorhydria

E.     hypohlorhydria

1040.     What are aggressive nfactors of the gastric mucosa?

A.    * HCl

B.    mucus production

C.    prostaglandin –Х2

D.    bicarbonates

E.     Na Cl

1041.     What are gastric mucosal ndefensive factors?

A.    pepsin

B.    HCl

C.    * bicarbonates

D.    gastrin

E.     Na Cl

1042.     Empty stomach pain is ntypical for patients with:

A.    *  increased gastric acid secretion

B.    normal gastric acid nsecretion

C.    decreased gastric acid nsecretion

D.    achlorhydria

E.     hypohlorhydria

1043.     Ranitidine is used to ntreat conditions related to the stomach:

A.    normoacidity

B.    * hyperacidity

C.    hypoacidity

D.    concomitant nduodeno-gastric reflux

E.     achalasia of the nesophagus

1044.     Vomiting bile is usually na sign of disorder of:

A.    esophagus

B.    stomach

C.    * duodenum 

D.    colon

E.     small intestinum

1045.     How many components are nincluded into Eradication Treatment of H. pylori-associated astroduodenal ndisease in children?

A.    one component;

B.    two components;

C.    * three components;

D.    five components;

E.     a lot of components.

1046.     The X-ray sign of ngastric ulcer is:

A.    radial convergence of nstomach walls;

B.    bulge of walls;

C.    bulge of mucus membraine nfolds;

D.    * presence of “Ulcer ncrater”;

E.     decrease of mucus nmembraine folds.

1047.     What medication does nbelong to histamine H2-blockers?

A.    smecta

B.    almagel

C.    acidophilus

D.    * famotidine

E.     motilium

1048.     What medication does nbelong to Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)?

A.    smecta

B.    almagel

C.    ranitidine

D.    * omeprazole

E.     motilium

1049.     What medication does nbelong to probiotics?

A.    Aevit

B.    Smecta

C.    *Acidophilus

D.    Procainamide

E.     Saline

1050.     What medication does nbelong to cytoprotectors?

A.    de-nol

B.    omeprazole

C.    * sukralfat

D.    famotidine

E.     maalox

1051.     What medication does nbelong to reparants?

A.    * gastrofarm;

B.    panzynorm;

C.    renegast;

D.    bellaspon;

E.     ranitidin.

1052.     What is invasive method nof helicobacteriosis diagnostics?

A.    * biopsy of the stomach nmucosa with its bacteriological investigation;

B.    PCR of feces and saliva;

C.    Breath Test;

D.    determination of nspecific immuneglobulines;

E.     “aerotest”.

1053.     What instrumental nmethods is most considerable for the diagnostics of chronic gastroduodenitis?

A.    * endoscopy;

B.    aerometry;

C.    fractional research of nthe gastric content;

D.    acid-test;

E.     X-ray.

1054.     What clinico-pharmacological ngroup includes De-nol?

A.    *antiulcer drug  ;

B.    reparants;

C.    probiotics;

D.    proton pump inhibitors;

E.     histamine H2-blockers.

1055.     What is gastroesophageal nreflux?

A.    This is involuntary nleakage of intestinal contents into the stomach

B.    * This is involuntary nleakage of gastric contents into the esophagus

C.    This is involuntary nleakage of gastric contents into the oral cavity

D.    This is pylorus ninsufficiency

E.     This is stomach fundus ninsufficiency

1056.     Epigastric pain is ntypical for:

A.    *gastritis

B.    cholangitis

C.    cholecystitis

D.    biliary dyskinesia

E.     colitis

1057.     Causes of right upper nquadrant pain include:

A.    pyelonephritis

B.    paraesophageal hiatal nhernia

C.    gastritis

D.    *cholecystitis

E.     appendicitis

1058.     Bifidobacteria in the nchild body contribute to:

A.    Stabilization and nnormalization of intestinal mikrobiocinose

B.    Improve processes of nabsorption and hydrolysis of fat

C.    Improve processes of nabsorption and hydrolysis of carbohydrates

D.    Normalization of proteiand mineral metabolism

E.     * The maintenance of nnonspecific resistance

1059.     Celiac disease is nassociated with:

A.    Infection enterocolitis

B.    Dysbiosis

C.    Family predisposition

D.    * Malabsorbtion

E.     Functional constipation

1060.     Crohn’s disease is:

A.    Infection disease

B.    Congenital disease

C.    Hereditary disease

D.    * Autoimmune disease

E.     Metabolic disease

1061.     Ulcer disease can be nsuspected by:

A.    Periodic attacks of paiin the epigastria

B.    Long persistent ndyspeptic disorders

C.    The high acid-forming nfunction of the stomach

D.    * Fecal occult blood test

E.     Vomiting

1062.     Signs of dyspepsia nsyndrome are:

A.    Stomach pain

B.    Headache

C.    General weakness

D.    * Nausea

E.     Abdomen pain

1063.     What symptom is not ntypical for irritable bowel syndrome?

A.    Abdominal pain or ndiscomfort

B.    Intestinal bloating

C.    Irregular bowel habits, nincluding diarrhea, constipation, or both

D.    * Blood in the stool

E.     Mucus in the stool

1064.     The diagnostic of nfunctional abdominal pain is based on:

A.    Stool test

B.    Blood test

C.    * Symptoms and physical nexamination

D.    Endoscopy

E.     Bacteriological nexamination of feces

1065.     The diagnostic of nirritable bowel syndrome is based on:

A.    * Clinical symptoms

B.    Colonoscopy

C.    Duodenoscopy

D.    Rectoroscopy

E.     Bacteriological nexamination of feces

1066.     What diet is recommended nfor children with functional constipation?

A.    * High in protein and nfiber

B.    High in carbohydrates nand fiber

C.    High in protein and ncarbohydrates

D.    High in carbohydrates nand fat

E.     High in protein and fat

1067.     What is typical for nfunctional abdominal pain?

A.    *  absence of influence on the child’s physical nand psychological development

B.    The reason is nabnormality of intestine

C.    The reason is nabnormality of bowels

D.    Is due to mechanical ndisturbances

E.     Is due to dysbiosis

1068.     What disorder can be ncause of constipation in babies?

A.    Breast feeding

B.    * Rickets

C.    Big amount of juice

D.    Vegetables in diet

E.     Lactose intolerance

1069.     What is the maitreatment of celiac disease?

A.    Enzymes

B.    Vitamins

C.    Lactobacteria

D.    Bifidobacteria

E.     * Gluten free diet

1070.     What can be  used for treatment of irritable bowel nsyndrome with constipation?

A.    Psychotherapy

B.    * A diet with dietary nfibers

C.    Coordinax

D.    Duphalac (lactulose)

E.     No-spani

1071.     What medication is used nfor treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea?

A.    * Imodium

B.    Smecta

C.    Maalox

D.    Duphalac (lactulose)

E.     Psychotherapy

1072.     What products is glutefree?

A.    Malted milk

B.    Barley, oats, rye

C.    Creamed vegetables

D.    * Fruits

E.     Sauces

1073.     What serologic markers nare used for celiac disease screening?

A.    * Serum Ig A

B.    Serum Ig G

C.    Serum Ig E

D.    Serum Ig M

E.     Testing for gliadiantibodies

1074.     Diagnostic test for ndetection of localization of upper gastrointestinal bleeding:

A.    *Endoscopy

B.    Upper GI series

C.    Hemoglobin (Hb) levels nand hematocrit (HCT)

D.    Arteriography

E.     Ultrasound

1075.     Primary diagnostic nindicator for pancreatitis:

A.    Elevated blood urea nnitrogen (BUN)

B.    *Elevated serum lipase

C.    Elevated aspartate naminotransferase (AST)

D.    Increased lactate ndehydrogenase (LD)

E.     Elevated bilirubin

1076.     Feature of functional nabdomen pain:

A.    *Normal exam and no nsignificant weight loss

B.    Stool occult blood npositive

C.    Abnormal laboratory nscreen

D.    Stressors doesn’t nexacerbate pain

E.     Significant weight loss

1077.     Common cause of gastric nulceration:

A.    Cryptosporidium

B.    *Helicobacter pylori

C.    Cytomegalovirus

D.    Treponema pallidum

E.     Herpes simplex nvirus-type 1

1078.     What is the most neffective means in treatment of autoimmune hepatitis?

A.    *Glucocorticoids, ncytostatics

B.    Hepatoprotectors

C.    Antibacterial medication

D.    Hemosorbtion, vitamitherapy

E.     Antiviral medications

1079.     Patient with skiitching, jaundice, discomfort in the right subcostal area. In blood: alkaline phosphatase n— 2,0 mmol/hour/L, general bilirubin — 60 mkmol/L, cholesterol — 8,0 mmol/L. nWhat is the leading syndrome in this patient?

A.    Cytolytic

B.    Asthenic

C.    Mesenchymal inflammatory

D.    Liver-cells ninsufficiency

E.     *Cholestatic

1080.     What method of ninvestigation is to be used on the first stage of examining the patient with nsudden acute pain in the right epigastric area after having fatty food?

A.    *Ultrasonic

B.    Radionuclide

C.    Magnetic-resonance

D.    Roentgenological

E.     Thermographic

1081.     Which laboratory tests naccurately characterizes the degree of cytolysis in a patient?

A.    Prothrombin

B.    Veltman’s test

C.    Takata-Ara’s test

D.    *Transaminases

E.     Total protein

1082.     Which laboratory tests nshould be carried out to confirm the diagnosis “pancreatitis”?

A.    Serum Transaminases

B.    *Serum Amylase

C.    Beta-lipoproteins

D.    Blood glucose

E.     The level of total nbilirubin

1083.     What coprologic syndrome nis characteristic for pancreatitis?

A.    Little amount of mushy nstool; creatorea, mucus, leukocytes

B.    *Many oily stool with nputrid smell; creatorea, stearrhea, amilorea

C.    Stool with mucus, pus, nblood, leukocytes, erythrocytes, cylindrical epithelium

D.    Foam feces with sour nsmell, amilorea, many acidophilic flora

E.     Big amount of liquid nstool without pathological inclusions

1084.     Resonant percussiosound is characteristic for:

A.    *Healthy children.

B.    Newborns.

C.    6 month children.

D.    5 years children.

E.     Only adults.

1085.     Puerile respiration is nauscultated in children in the age:

A.    Only before 6 months old

B.    Only before one year old n

C.    *From 1 months till 5 nyears old

D.    Before 3 years old

E.     After 5 years old

1086.     At what age respiratory nmovements are diaphragmatic?

A.    Under 15 years

B.    At 1-2 years

C.    *Under 6-7 years

D.    Under 12-13 years

E.     Under 1st months

1087.     Right lung is divided ninto:

A.    Upper and lower n(superior and inferior)

B.    Front and back (anterior nand posterior)

C.    *Upper, middle and lower n(superior, middle and inferior)

D.    Upper (superior) and nmiddle

E.     Front, middle and back n(anterior, middle and posterior)

1088.     What is dyspnea?

A.    The increase of the nrespiratory rate

B.    *The distress during nbreathing

C.    The decrease of the nrespiratory rate

D.    The cessation of nbreathing

E.     The increase of the nrespiratory depth

1089.     What is hyperpnea?

A.    The increase of the nrespiratory rate

B.    The distress during nbreathing

C.    The decrease of the nrespiratory rate

D.    The cessation of nbreathing

E.     *The increase of the nrespiratory depth

1090.     What type of respiratory nmovements is in elder 7 years-old girl?

A.    *Thoracic

B.    Abdominal

C.    Costal

D.    Sternly

E.     Diaphragmatic

1091.     Left lung is divided ninto:

A.    Front and back (anterior nand posterior)

B.    Upper, middle and lower n(superior, middle and inferior)

C.    *Upper and lower n(superior and inferior)

D.    Upper (superior) and nmiddle

E.     Front, middle and back n(anterior, middle and posterior)

1092.     What is tachypnea?

A.    *The increase of the nrespiratory rate

B.    The distress during nbreathing

C.    The decrease of the nrespiratory rate

D.    The cessation of nbreathing

E.     The increase of the nrespiratory depth

1093.     Average respiratory rate nfor 12 years old children:

A.    20 per minute

B.    30 per minute

C.    *16-20 per minute

D.    35-40 per minute

E.     30-35 per minute

1094.     What is bradypnea?

A.    The increase of the nrespiratory rate

B.    The distress during nbreathing

C.    *The decrease of the nrespiratory rate

D.    The cessation of nbreathing

E.     The decrease of the nrespiratory depth

1095.     What is usual ratio of nbreaths to heartbeats?

A.    1:1

B.    1:2

C.    1:3

D.    *1:4

E.     1:5

1096.     What is hypoventilation?

A.    The decrease of the nrespiratory rate and irregular rhythm

B.    The distress during nbreathing

C.    The increase of the nrespiratory depth and irregular rhythm

D.    The cessation of nbreathing

E.     *The decrease of the nrespiratory depth and irregular rhythm

1097.     Average respiratory rate nfor newborn:

A.    20 per minute

B.    30 per minute

C.    16-20 per minute

D.    *35-40 per minute

E.     30-35 per minute

1098.     What is nhyperventilation?

A.    The increase of the nrespiratory rate and irregular rhythm

B.    The distress during nbreathing

C.    *The increase of the nrespiratory rate and depth

D.    The cessation of nbreathing

E.     The decrease of the nrespiratory depth and irregular rhythm

1099.     The tympanic resonance nis determined over the lungs in case of:

A.    Pulmonary edema

B.    Tumors

C.    Bifurcatiolymphadenitis

D.    *Obstruction of a major nbronchus

E.     Adiposity

1100.     The pathological ndullness during lung percussion is heard in case of:

A.    Asthmatic bronchitis

B.    Abscess of lung

C.    *Large infiltration at npneumonia

D.    Pneumothorax

E.     Emphysema of lung

1101.     Average respiratory rate nfor 5 years old children:

A.    20 per minute

B.    30 per minute

C.    16-20 per minute

D.    35-40 per minute

E.     *25 per minute

1102.     What is respiratory nrhythm iewborns?

A.    *Arrhythmic breathing

B.    The distress during nbreathing

C.    The reduction of the BR nby 10% and more

D.    The cessation of nbreathing

E.     The decrease of the nrespiratory depth

1103.     Expiratory dyspnoea ndevelops in case of:

A.    Respiratory failure of nthe third degree

B.    Diabetic coma

C.    Viral croup syndrome

D.    Foreign body aspiration

E.     *Bronchial asthma

1104.     Barking cough is typical nfor…

A.    Dry pleurisy

B.    Pleurisy with effusion

C.    *Laryngitis

D.    Pneumothorax

E.     Tuberculosis

1105.     Character of cough is ncan’t be:

A.    Dry

B.    Wet

C.    *Pituitary

D.    Bitonal

E.     Spastic

1106.     Crepitation is ncharacterized by:

A.    Appears when you press nchest by phonendoscope

B.    Is determined by percussio

C.    *Does not change whebending the body

D.    Is determined by npalpation

E.     Depends on the density nof attachment to the chest wall by phonendoscope

1107.     Crepitation is heard…

A.    During inspiration and nexpiration

B.    *In 1st phase of ninspiration

C.    In 1st phase of expiratio

D.    In last phase of ninspiration

E.     In last phase of nexpiration

1108.     Crepitation is the nsymptom of

A.    *Croupous pneumonia

B.    Acute bronchitis

C.    Dry pleurisy

D.    Chronic bronchitis

E.     Pulmonary emphysema

1109.     During inspection of a npatient with severe respiratory failure you may observe the following skin olor

A.    Pale skin

B.    Hyperemia

C.    *Diffuse cyanosis

D.    Yellow color

E.     Spider angiomata

1110.     Typical changes of skiin patient with respiratory failure:

A.    Pink skin

B.    Hyperemia

C.    *Cyanosis

D.    Icterus

E.     Grey color

1111.     Harsh breathing nindicates on…

A.    *Bronchitis

B.    Dry pleurisy

C.    Pleurisy with effusion

D.    Pulmonary emphysema

E.     Pneumonia

1112.     Pulmonary root not nincluded

A.    Large bronchi

B.    Receptacles

C.    Trachea-bronchial lymph nnodes

D.    Broncho-pulmonary lymph nnodes

E.     *Thymus gland

1113.     In what disease ncrepitation are diffuse iature?

A.    *Acute bronchiolitis

B.    Pneumonia

C.    Bronhoektatychna disease n

D.    Local pulmonary fibrosis ntissue

E.     Chronic bronchiolitis nwith obliteration

1114.     In what disease ncrepitation are local iature?

A.    *pneumonia

B.    Bronchitis

C.    Bronchial asthma

D.    Alveolitis

E.     Acute bronchiolitis

1115.     Leading role in the ndiagnosis of respiratory tract foreign body is

A.    *Endoscopy airways

B.    Overview

C.    Percussion and nauscultation

D.    Radiography of the chest n

E.     Stripped tomography

1116.     First aid during nose nbleeding:

A.    To ask a child to blow nhis nose;

B.    *To put a tampon with 3% nHydrogen peroxide into the nose and ice on the bridge of the nose;

C.    Oxygen therapy;

D.    To bring into the nose a ntampon with Calcium chloride;

E.     Non of above

1117.     What examinations do we nuse in the case of bronchitis?

A.    Complete blood count,

B.    Culture of sputum,

C.    Culture of alveolar nfluid,

D.    Biochemical examinatioof the blood (hyponatremia, hypokalemia);

E.     *Chest X-ray.

1118.     What child infectious ndisease is characterized by attacks of spasmodic cough accompanied reprises?

A.    *Pertussis

B.    Measles

C.    Diphtheria

D.    Scarlatina

E.     Red rash

1119.     The most informative nmethod for diagnose pneumonia is:

A.    * Radiography

B.    Tomography

C.    Bronchography

D.    Bronchoscopy

E.     Fluorography

1120.     The clinical nmanifestations of acute stenotic laryngitis include:

A.    * Crass n”barking” cough

B.    Dullness of percussiosound

C.    Have difficulties nexhaling

D.    Moist rales in the lungs n

E.     Emphysema

1121.     Dry barking cough is ncharacteristic for:

A.    *Laryngitis.

B.    Bronchitis.

C.    Flu.

D.    Pneumonia.

E.     Bronchiectasic npneumosderosis.

1122.     Clear percussion sound nis characteristic for:

A.    *Healthy children.

B.    Newborns.

C.    6 month children.

D.    5 years children.

E.     Adults.

1123.     How many stages of nrespiratory stenosis are?

A.    1

B.    2

C.    *4

D.    3

E.     5

1124.     What main clinical nfeatures are useful in the diagnosis of bronchial asthma?

A.    Chest pain

B.    *Dispnae

C.    Tahycardia

D.    Vomiting

E.     Dry cough

1125.     What conclusion after nauscultation of the lungs will be in case of bronchial asthma? 

A.    *Both types of rales  

B.    Fine budding rales 

C.    Sebelent dry rales 

D.    Coarse bubling nrales 

E.     Crepitation rales 

1126.     What food is not limited nduring the acute period of glomerulonephritis?  n

A.    *Carbohydrates 

B.    Salt 

C.    Liquid 

D.    Proteins 

E.     Fats 

1127.     Which of the following nlaboratory findings is unusual in patients with simple (nutritional) nrickets?  

A.    *Hypercalciuria 

B.    Hyperphosphaturia 

C.    Elevated levels of serum nalkaline  phosphatase    

D.    Aminoaciduria 

E.     Hypophosphatemia  

1128.     What should a daily doze nof ergocalciferol be for prophylaxis of rickets for full-term breast-fed nchild? 

A.    *400-500 IU 

B.    200-300 IU 

C.    300-400 IU 

D.    500-600 IU 

E.     100-200 IU 

1129.     nWhat should a daily doze of ergocalciferol be nfor prophylaxis of rickets for infant?

A.    1000-1200 IU

B.    800-1000 IU 

C.    1200-1500 IU 

D.    *400-500 IU

E.     1300-1500 IU 

1130.     To what age should nprophylaxis of rickets carry out for full-term breast-fed child? 

A.    *1,5 years 

B.    2 years 

C.    2,5 years 

D.    1 year 

E.     6 months 

1131.     Determine a remedy for primary nprophylaxis of spasmophilia for breast-fed child. 

A.    *Ergocalciferol  

B.    Calcium gluconate 

C.    Calcium  chloride  n

D.    Natrium chloride 

E.     Calcium  pantothenate  n

1132.     What solution is nnecessary to prescribe for rehydratation?  n

A.    *Rehydron 

B.    5 \% glucose solution  

C.    Boiled water 

D.    Tea 

E.     Broth of a camomile n(medical) 

1133.     The child regurgitates nafter feeding by small portions of milk (changed and unchanged); stool is normal. nMuscle tonus is normal. What is the most probable diagnosis? 

A.    *Pylorospasmus 

B.    Meningitis 

C.    Pylorostenosis 

D.    Microcephaly 

E.     Craniostenosis 

1134.     Pollen of grasses ncauses:

A.    *Respiratory allergies

B.    Food allergies

C.    Contact allergies

D.    Medical allergies

E.     Croup syndrome

1135.     Curvature of the spine nin a child with rickets is due to:

A.    *Muscular hypotonia

B.    Muscle hypertonus

C.    Bone deformities

D.    Perverted osteogenesis

E.     Respiratory diseases

1136.     “Drumsticks” symptom is ncharacteristic for:

A.    congenital heart disease

B.    acute heart failure

C.    *chronic diseases of the nheart and lungs

D.    polyarticular form of njuvenile rheumatoid arthritis

E.     systemic form of njuvenile rheumatoid arthritis

1137.     Choice of antibacteryal npreparations for treatment of pyelonephritis is determined: 

A.    By age of the child

B.    By the cost of npreparation

C.    * By the sensitiveness of nbacteria cultured from urine

D.    By a country-producer

E.     By duration of the ndisease

1138.     Intravenous urography ndoes not allow to discover: 

A.    Position, sizes, shape nof kidneys

B.    Functional state of nnephrons

C.    Functional state of nurinary tract

D.    * Anomaly of kidney nvessels

E.     Condition of urinary nbladder

1139.     For pyelonephritis ntypical is:

A.    Hematuria

B.    Proteinuria

C.    Leukocyturia and nhematuria

D.    * Leukocyturia and nbacteriuria

E.     Proteinuria and casts

1140.     Investigation of nsediment in 1 ml of urine is known as : 

A.    * Nechyporenko test

B.    Amburzhe test

C.    Reberg test

D.    Kakovsky-Addys test

E.     Pasternatsky test

1141.     The child has signs of nintoxication, in a general analysis of urine significant pyuria, in daily urine n- oxalic acid – 870 mmol / day (dysmetabolic nephropathy). Your diagnosis? 

A.    * Secondary acute npyelonephritis

B.    Primary acute npyelonephritis

C.    Acute glomerulonephritis n

D.    Interstitial nephritis

E.     Hereditary nephritis

1142.     Main features of nkidney’s edema are : 

A.    * Appear in the morning, nwarm, pale

B.    Appear in the second npart of the day, cold, cyanotic

C.    Dense

D.    Disposed mainly on trunk

E.     Disposed mainly on sex norgans

1143.     Intoxication syndrome ncontains next symptoms :

A.    increased levels of ntotal and conjugated bilirubin and cholesterol;

B.    increased levels of nASAT, ALAT, LDG;

C.    increased levels of namylase, tripsin, lipase;

D.    vomiting, nausea, nheartburn feeling, decrease of appetite;

E.     * weakness, lucidity, bad nsleep, headaches, irritability, tearfulness, increased disposition to nerspiration, blue shadows under the eyes, functional heart murmur.

1144.     The child has cloudy nurine. What additional invstigation will help to establish the diagnosis?

A.    Zimnitsky test

B.    Complete blood test

C.    * General urinalysis

D.    Analysis of urine for nsugar from the urine daily amount

E.     Koprocytogram

1145.     What is Pasternatsky’s nsymptom?

A.    Pain in palpation of nlumbar region in the area of projection of kidneys

B.    Appearance of pain ilumbar region during trunk rotation 

C.    * Appearance of pain at ntapping lumbar region in the area of kidneys

D.    Appearance of pain ithe lumbar area at coughing

E.     Appearance of pain ithe projection of ureter at passing of stone from a kidney

1146.     What changes in the nurinary sediment are characteristic for pyelonephritis?

A.    Microhematuria, hyaline ncylinders

B.    * Pyuria, bacteriuria.

C.    Hematuria, proteinuria.

D.    Proteinuria, granular ncylinders, renal epithelium.

E.     Fresh red blood cells, noksalaturiya.

1147.     Normally, in a general nanalysis of urine rate of red blood cells is:

A.    * should not be

B.    up to 1-2 in the field nof view

C.    up to 5 in the field of nview

D.    up to 15 in the field of nview 

E.     up to 10 in the field of nview

1148.     When does the ndisplacement of one kidney appear on plane X-ray?

A.    In diffuse nephritis

B.    In the case of npolycystosis

C.    In chronic kidney ninsufficiency  of  the II stage.

D.    * Iephroptosis

E.     In hydronephrosis.

1149.     Dyspeptic syndrome ncontains next symptoms:

A.    increased levels of ntotal and conjugated bilirubin and cholesterol;

B.    increased levels of nASAT, ALAT, LDG;

C.    increased levels of namylase, tripsin, lipase;

D.    * vomiting, nausea, nheartburn feeling, decrease of appetite;

E.     weakness, lucidity, bad nsleep, headaches, irritability, tearfulness, increased disposition to nerspiration, blue shadows under the eyes.

1150.     Chronic gastroduodeitis nmore frequent combines with diseases of:

A.    CNS;

B.    * hepatobiliary system;

C.    respiratory system;

D.    heart and vessels;

E.     urinary system.

1151.     Functional gastric ndisorders include:

A.    Chronic esophagitis.

B.    Chronic gastritis.

C.    * Duodenogastric reflux.

D.    Stomach ulcer.

E.     Chronic duodenitis.

1152.     Pain in the epigastric narea characterised:

A.    * gastritis

B.    cholangitis

C.    cholecystitis

D.    biliary dyskinesia

E.     colitis

1153.     Sign of dyspeptic nsyndrome is :

A.    stomach pain

B.    headache

C.    general weakness

D.    * nausea

E.     abdomen pain

1154.     Which diagnosis is the nmost likely in a child with disuric, mild intoxication syndrome, suprapubic aiwith a negative Pasternatsky sign?

A.    Acute vulvovaginitis.

B.    Tuberculosis of kidnes.

C.    Acute nglomerulonephritis.

D.    Acute pyelonephritis.

E.     * Acute cystitis.

1155.     What is polyuria?

A.    frequent urination

B.    * increase of amount of nurine more than 2 liters per day

C.    decrease of amount  of urine less  nthan 1 liter per day

D.    increase of specific ngravity of urine

E.     lowering of specific ngravity of urine.

1156.     Normally, the urine proteiin General urine test:

A.    * Is absent

B.    Only traces

C.    Up to 1 g / l

D.    Up to 0,5 g / l

E.     Up to 0,1 g / l

1157.     Peculiarity of rheumatic npolyartritis:

A.    morning stiffness;

B.    constant deformations of nthe joints;

C.    damage of neck

D.    damage of spine;

E.     *inconstant damage of njoints

1158.     Morphological changes at nrheumatism are mainly in:

A.    muscles

B.    lymph

C.    blood

D.    *connective tissue

E.     fat tissue

 

Situatiotasks

 

1.               nA 2 year boy was admitted to the hospital with complaints: persistent ncough, periodic diarrhea and malnutrition. He had bronchitis 4 times before and npneumonia 2 times before. Also was diagnosed sinusitis. What is the most likely npreliminary diagnosis?

A.    Chronic pneumonia

B.    * Cystic fibrosis

C.    Intestinal infection

D.    alpha-1-antitripsideficiency

E.     Tracheobronchomegaly

2.               nA 2 months-old boy is admitted to the hospital with complaints: npersistent cough, dyspnea, cyanosis, prolonged jaundice, hepatomegaly. During nlungs percussion there is bandbox sound. What is the most likely preliminary ndiagnosis?

A.    Chronic pneumonia

B.    Tracheobronchomegaly

C.    Cystic fibrosis

D.    Intestinal infection

E.     * alpha-1-antitripsideficiency

3.               nA 5 year girl is suffering from bronchitis frequently. The physical ndevelopment is delayed. There is persistent cough with mucous-purulent sputum. nThe doctor suspected chronic disease of lungs. What symptoms will allow to the nphysician to make such conclusion?

A.    Delay in physical ndevelopment

B.    * All mentioned above

C.    Relapsing course of ndisease

D.    Persistent local changes nin lung

E.     Cough with nmucous-purulent sputum

4.               nA 5 year child is suffering from bronchitis frequently. The physical ndevelopment is delayed. There is persistent cough with mucous-purulent sputum. nThe doctor suspected chronic disease of lungs. Which method is the most ninformative to confirm this diagnosis?

A.    Spirography

B.    Echocardiography

C.    Chest X-ray

D.    * Bronchography

E.     Sputum analyses

5.               nA 5 year old boy was hospitalized with a preliminary diagnosis of nchronic disease of lungs. He is ill during 4 years. There is a constant wet ncough, persistent moist rales in the lower lobe of the right lung. Which of the nfollowing will prove diagnosis?

A.    Biplane n(two-dimensional) chest x-ray

B.    Chest ultrasound

C.    Bronchoscopy

D.    Spirography

E.     * Bronchography

6.               nIn 5 year child who has frequent maxillary sinusitis and respiratory ndiseases was suspected Kartagener syndrome. All symptoms are typical for this ndisease EXEPT:

A.    Situs inversus

B.    Chronic bronchitis with nbronchiectasis

C.    * Nephritis

D.    Endocrine glands nhypofunction

E.     Ethmoidoantritis

7.               nIn 3 year child was revealed situs inversus, chronic recurrent nbronchitis, frontal sinuses hypoplasia, congenital heart defect. The most nprobable diagnosis is:

A.    Mounier-Kuhn syndrome

B.    Williams-Campbell nsyndrome

C.    alpha -1-antitripsideficiency

D.    Cystic fibrosis

E.     * Kartagener syndrome

8.               nA 10 year child is suffering from bronchitis frequently. The physical ndevelopment is delayed. There is persistent cough with mucous-purulent sputum. nThe doctor suspected bronchiectasis. Select the primary method for diagnosis of nbronchiectasis:

A.    Bronchoscopy

B.    CT of the chest

C.    Chest x-ray

D.    * Bronchography

E.     Scintigraphy

9.               nThe 4 year child with frequent respiratory tract, which are observed nfrom the 1st year of life, is examined in the hospital. The most typical nclinical manifestations of lung malformation are the following symptoms, nexcept:

A.    * Attacks of dyspnea at nnight

B.    Shortness of breath nduring physical exercises

C.    Deformation of the chest

D.    Fingers club bing and n“drum sticks”

E.     Recurrent bronchitis or npneumonia

10.            nA 7-year-old child was hospitalized with nexacerbation of chronic disease of lungs. A child was born from premature npregnancy. He suffered from rickets and anemia during the first year of life, nin two years a foreign body aspiration (button) which as not taken out. He has acute respiratory tract infections 3-4 times nper year. What probably caused the development of chronic disease of lungs?

A.    Prematurity

B.    Rickets

C.    Anemia

D.    Frequent acute nrespiratory tract infections

E.     * Foreign body aspiration

11.            nA district pediatrician examined the 5-year-old child, whom disturbed nwet cough. During this year, same problems developed for the third time. After nclinical examination a doctor thought about chronic disease of lungs. What nauscultation signs are characteristic for this disease?

A.    Dry diffuse rales

B.    Weakened breathing

C.    * Persistent local moist nrales

D.    Hard breathing

E.     Moist rales

12.            n8 year old child complains of coughing with purulent sputum, especially nin the morning. He is ill 5 years after foreign body aspiration episode. After nthat he had pneumonia two times. What disease is the most probable?

A.    Recurrent pneumonia

B.    Recurrent bronchitis

C.    Pulmonary tuberculosis

D.    Bronchial asthma

E.     * Chronic disease of nlungs

13.            n5-year-old child is hospitalized with complaints of wet cough. He is ill nfor 3 years, he had left side low lobe pneumonia three times before. During nexamination: skin is pale, perioral and periorbital cyanosis. During npercussion: local dullness below the lower corner of the left scapulae. During nauscultation: many fine moist rales under the left scapulae. X-ray of chest: ndeformation of bronchial pattern on the left side. Which of the following will nprove diagnosis?

A.    Biplane (two-dimensional) nchest x-ray

B.    Chest ultrasound

C.    CT of chest

D.    * Bronchoscopy or nbronchography

E.     Spirography

14.            n6-year-old child is hospitalized with constant complaints of cough with npurulent sputum. He is ill during 3 years, exacerbations periods develop 3-4 ntimes per year. After the clinical and instrumental examinations was diagnosed nchronic disease of lungs. What is the basic complex treatment of this disease?

A.    * Restoration of drainage nfunction of bronchi

B.    Physiotherapy

C.    Desensitization therapy

D.    Physiotherapy

E.     Antibacterial therapy

15.            n5-year-old child is hospitalized with complaints of wet cough, shortness nof breath during exercise. Condition worsened 10 days ago after contact with npatients with acute respiratory infection. From anamnesis it is known that a nchild is suffering from pneumonia 2-3 times per year. There was a suspicion of nchronic disease of lungs. What research will be definitive in establishing of nthe final diagnosis?

A.    Arteriography

B.    X-ray of the chest

C.    Spirography

D.    Bronchoscopy

E.     * Bronchography

16.            n8-year-old child is treated in a hospital from chronic disease of lungs. nSputum was taken for bacteriological study from the bronchi during medical and ndiagnostic bronchoscopy. Pneumococci were revealed, sensitive to ncephalosporines. Which way is the best for introduction of antibiotics?

A.    Oral

B.    Intravenous

C.    Intramuscular

D.    Electrophoresis

E.     * Endobronchial

17.            nA district pediatrician examined the 9-year-old child, whom disturbed nwet cough and shortness of breath during physical exercises. Child is sick nduring 6 years: frequent respiratory diseases, 1-2 times per year – pneumonia. nAfter analysis of anamnesis and clinical examination chronic disease of lungs nwas diagnosed. What is the most typical symptom of this disease?

A.    Dyspnea

B.    * Persistent cough

C.    Pale skin

D.    Subfebrile t emperature

E.     Perioral cyanosis

18.            nThe 7 year boy is suffering from persistent wet cough. There was a nsuspicion of chronic disease of lungs. What chest X-ray changes are the most ntypical for the chronic disease of lungs?

A.    Local infiltration of nlung tissue

B.    Presence of the round nshape shadow

C.    Lungs extension and nhyperaeration

D.    Heart extension

E.     * Intensification and ndeformation of the lungs pattern

19.            nA 5 year boy is suffering from bronchitis and pneumonia often. At nbronchologic examination bronchiectasis were revealed. In addition, the child nsuffers from chronic sinusitis, there is dextracardia. The most likely ndiagnosis is:

A.    Mounier-Kuhn syndrome

B.    * Kartagener syndrome

C.    Hammen-Rich syndrome

D.    Cystic fibrosis

E.     Williams-Campbell nsyndrome

20.            nIn 1 year child was revealed chronic recurrent bronchitis and tracheobronchomegaly, nethmoidoantritis. The most probable diagnosis is:

A.    Williams-Kempbell nsyndrome

B.    Alpha-1-antitripsideficiency

C.    Kartagener syndrome

D.    Cystic fibrosis

E.     * Mounier-Kuhn syndrome

21.            nIn 5 year child was revealed dyspnea during physical exercises, heart pain, ncollapse attacks, cyanosis, 2 tone accent above the pulmonary artery, systolic nmurmur above the pulmonary artery. Chest x-ray revealed deceased intensity of nthe lungs pattern, enlarged heart. The most probable diagnosis is:

A.    Mounier-Kuhn syndrome

B.    Williams-Campbell nsyndrome

C.    Alpha -1-antitripsideficiency

D.    * Primary pulmonary nhypertension

E.     Idiopathic pulmonary nhemosiderosis

22.            nIn 5 year child was revealed dyspnea during physical exercises, heart npain, collapse attacks, cyanosis, 2 tone accent above the pulmonary artery, nsystolic murmur above the pulmonary artery. Chest x-ray revealed deceased nintensity of the lungs pattern, enlarged heart. The most probable diagnosis is:

A.    Mounier-Kuhn syndrome

B.    Williams-Kampbell nsyndrome

C.    * Primary pulmonary nhypertension

D.    Idiopathic pulmonary nhemosiderosis

E.     alpha -1-antitripsideficiency

23.            nIn 8 month child there is high possibility of cystic fibrosis according nthe clinical and anamnestic criteria. What examination will prove the ndiagnosis?

A.    Level of lipids in blood

B.    Koprogram

C.    Chest x-ray

D.    Level of ?-1-antitripsiin blod

E.     * Level of chlorides ithe sweat

24.            nThe 6 year boy was hospitalized with the complaints of shortness of nbreath, frequent cough, loss of weight. He is ill during 4 years since the nidiopathic fibrosing alveolitis was diagnosed. What is pathogenic treatment?

A.    Antibiotics

B.    NSAID’s

C.    Broncholytics

D.    * Corticosteroids

E.     Immune modulators

25.            nPatient is 5 years old. He has chronic cough, recurrent pneumonias and npoor physical exercises resistance. Auscultation reveals a murmur and ncongestive cardiac failure. X-ray reveals signs of lungs tissue consolidation. nVomiting, failure to thrive and abdominal pain periodically occur. Very oftethere are cough, fever, shortness of breath and small bubbling moist rales. nWhat diagnosis is suspected?

A.    Sequestration of the nlung

B.    Aplasia of lung

C.    Lung atelectasis

D.    * Idiopathic fibroalveolitis

E.     Cystic adenomatous nmalformation

26.            nThe child is 4 years old. During the first year of life an acute npneumonia occured, and then a chronic bronchopulmonary process was formed eventually. nObjectively chest is looking like hump.The cough is resistant with shortness of nbreath. At percussion of the lungs there is bandbox sound, at auscultation– dry nand moist rales of various sizes. Phalanges and nails become “drumsticks”, n”hour-glass”, a violation of external respiration is present. nRadiological findings in the lungs: increased pulmonary pattern, the phenomenoof emphysema. At bronchography there are determined generalize bronchiectasis nwith balloon expansion during inspiration and collapse. Put diagnosis.

A.    * Williams– Campbell nsyndrome

B.    Idiopathic nfibroalveolitis

C.    Mounier -Kuhn syndrome

D.    Cystic fibrosis

E.     Kartagener syndrome

27.            nChild is 6 years old. He has frequent respiratory diseases. There is a npoor tolerance to physical activity, development of shortness of breath, nsometimes accompanied by attacks of breathlessness. Syncope often appears at aexercise, heart failure signs are present. Put the most probable diagnosis.

A.    Idiopathic hemosiderosis

B.    Idiopathic nfibroalveolitis

C.    Congenital carditis

D.    Cardiomyopathy

E.     * Idiopathic pulmonary nhypertension

28.            nAt 3 months child three times bronchoobstructive syndrome occurred nwithout previous catarrhal phenomena. The cough is unproductive. Stool has nunpleasant smell from the first days of life. Diagnosis of cystic fibrosis, nmixed form was suggested. What research can confirm the diagnosis?

A.    Radiography of the chest

B.    * Determination of sweat nchlorides

C.    Coprogram

D.    Determination of blood nlipids

E.     Chest X-ray

29.            nA patient with nosocomial pneumonia has signs of collapse. Which of the nfollowing pneumonia complication is the most likely to be accompanied with ncollapse?

A.    Toxic hepatitis

B.    Bronchial obstruction

C.    Emphysema

D.    Exudative pleurisy

E.     * Septic shock

30.            nA 1-year-old child with fibroelastosis fell ill with acute respiratory nviral infection. Suddenly he develops anxiety, acrocyanosis, Ps- 132 per min, nBR – 50/min, small bubbling rales in lower lungs, pO2 60 mmHg, pCO2 55mm Hg. OX-ray: cardiomegaly, amplification of lung pattern, radix pulmonis resembles nbutterfly wings. What is the most likely reason of child condition worsening?

A.    Pulmonary abscess

B.    * Pulmonary edema

C.    Bronchiolitis

D.    Double-sided pneumonia

E.     Angioneurotic n(Quincke’s) edema

31.            nA 6-year-old boy has suffered from tonsillitis. In 2 weeks he started ncomplaining of migratory joint pain, edema of joints, restriction of movements, nfever. On examination: an acute rheumatic heart disease, activity of the III-rd ndegree, primary rheumocarditis, polyarthritis; acute course of disease, ncardiovascular failure II A. What medication should be prescribed?

A.    Delagil

B.    Diprazinum

C.    Erythromycin

D.    Cefazolin

E.     * Prednisone

32.            nThe boy of 3 months has poor increase in mass at satisfactory appetite, nperiodic cyanosis of the child during feeding, the changes on the part of heart nare auscultated from birth, deficit of weight 15 %, paleness and xeroderma; nrough systolic murmur in all points, is maximum in ІІІ left intercostal area. What diagnosis is possible to nsuspect?

A.    * Tetralogy of Fallot

B.    Ventricular septal ndefect

C.    Stenosis of pulmonary nartery

D.    Coarctation of aorta

E.     Atrial septal defect

33.            nThe neonatal boy was born with weight 3,100 from І normal pregnancy, which one past with toxicosis nduring the first trimester, has cried at once; rough systolic murmur in ІІ intercostal to the left of a breast bone, skin pink, nclean. What diagnosis is possible to suspect?

A.    Patent ductus arterioses

B.    Ventricular septum ndefect

C.    Coarctation of aorta

D.    Stenosis of pulmonary nartery

E.     * Atrial septal defect

34.            nChild 2 month was born premature. Clinically: mild cardiomegaly, proof narrhythmias from birth, which are interrupted by medicines. EchoCG: moderate ndilatation of the left ventricle, hypokinesia  nof its walls, without the morphological  nchanges. Late congenital carditis was diagnosed. What can be the reasoof late congenital carditis?

A.    Hereditary predilection

B.    * Acute respiratory ninfection in the last trimester of pregnancy

C.    Prenatal malnutrition

D.    Birth trauma

E.     Anemia of pregnant women

35.            nA 1.5 years girl with problematic obstetrics anamnesis, decrease of nphysical development, deficiency of mass 24%.  nDuring objective examination: paleness of skin and mucus, quantity of nbreathing-52 per minute with participation of additional muscles, expressed ncardiomegalia, liver +4sm, and quantity of heart beating-145, edema. What ndisease can be in this case?

A.    Rheumatic myocarditis

B.    Acute no rheumatic ncarditis

C.    Exudative perycarditis

D.    Hereditary nonrheumatic ncarditis

E.     * Fibroelastosis

36.            nThe 10-year-old girl marks a frequent headache, dizziness, noise iears; such complaints are present during 6 months, with the tendency to nincrease; physical development normal, a hypersthenic constitution; ncardiomegalia, systolic murmur on apex and between scapulae, a tachycardia; narterial pressure on hands-180/100. What diagnosis the most probable in this ncase?

A.    Essentsial hypertension

B.    Renal hypertension

C.    * Coartation of aorta

D.    Pheochromocytoma

E.     Stenosis of aorta

37.            nA 14-year-old boy nhas rheumatism. Over the last 2 years he has had 3 rheumatic attacks. What ncourse of rheumatism does the patient have?

A.    *Prolonged

B.    Subacute

C.    Acute

D.    Latent

E.     Persistent-reccurent

38.            nAfter supercooling a 15-year-old girl developed muscle pain, body ntemperature rise up to 39oC, headache,  ndysuria, positive Pasternatsky’s symptome. In the urine: leukocyturia, nbacteriuria. In blood: decrease in Hb rate  ndown to 103 g/l, left shift leukocytosis, ESR acceleration up to 32 nmm/h. Blood urea – 6,0 millimole/l. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A.    Acute cystitis

B.    Acute glomerulonephritis

C.    Urolithiasis

D.    *Acute pyelonephritis

E.     Renal tuberclosis

39.            nAn 18-month-old child was taken to a hospital on the 4-th day of the ndisease. The disease began acutely with temperature 39, weakness, cough, nbreathlessness. He is pale, cyanotic,  nhas  had  febrile  ntemperature  for  over  n3  days.  There are crepitative fine bubbling rales oauscultation. Percussion sound is shortened in the right infrascapular nregion.  X-ray picture shows nnon-homogeneous segment infiltration 8-10 mm on the right, the intensificatioof lung pattern. Your diagnosis:

A.    Grippe

B.    Interstitial pneumonia

C.    *Segmentary pneumonia

D.    Bronchitis

E.     Bronchiolitis

40.            nA 27-year-old patient with a history of bronchial asthma was stung by a nbee. He had a sensation of chest compression, breath shortage, difficult nexpiration, sense of heat in the upper half of body,  dizziness,  napparent  itch,  convulsions.  nObjectively:  noisy wheezing  breath,  nAP  –  90/60  nmm  Hg,  Ps-  110  bpm.  nAuscultation revealed weak rhythmic heart sounds, rough respiratioabove lungs, sibilant rales. What drug group should be administered in the nfirst place?

A.    Anticonvulsive

B.    Analgetics

C.    *Glucocorticoids

D.    Cardiac glycosides

E.     Methylxanthines

41.            nA pediatrician had a conversation with a mother of a 7-month-old nbreast-fed boy and found out that the child was fed 7 times a day. How many ntimes should the child of such age be fed?

A.    7 times

B.    3 times

C.    6 times

D.    *5 times

E.     4 times

42.            n2 weeks after recovering from angina an 8-year-old boy developed edemata nof face and lower limbs. Objectively:  nthe patient is in grave condition, AP- 120/80 mm Hg. Urine is of dark nbrown colour. Oliguria is present. On urine analysis: relative density -1,015, nprotein – 1,2 g/l, RBCs are leached and cover the whole vision field, granular ncasts – 1-2 in the vision field, salts are represented by urates (big number). nWhat is the most likely diagnosis?

A.    *Acute glomerulonephritis nwith nephritic syndrome

B.    Nephrolithiasis

C.    Acute glomerulonephritis nwith nephrotic syndrome

D.    Acute glomerulonephritis nwith nephrotic syndrome, hematuria and hypertension

E.     Acute glomerulonephritis nwith isolated urinary syndrome

43.            n79 A  16-year-old  girl  ncomplains  of  nasal  nblockage,  sneezing,  watery  nnasal discharges. The body  temperature nis normal. Objectively – edema of nasal mucous membrane on both sides, nespecially of the lower turbinate (with cyanosis). Blood test data – mild nleukocytosis and eosinophilia. What is the diagnosis?

A.    *Allergic rhinitis

B.    Acute sinusitis

C.    Infective rhinitis

D.    Foreign body in the nose

E.     Atrophic rhinitis

44.            nIn autumn a 15-year-old patient developed stomach ache that arose 1,5-2 nhours after having meals and at night. He  ncomplains about pyrosis and constipation. The pain is getting worse nafter consuming spicy, salty and sour food, it can be relieved by means of soda nand hot-water bag. The patient has been suffering from this disease for a year. nObjectively: furred moist tongue. Abdomen palpation reveals epigastrial pain othe right, resistance of abdominal muscles in the  same region. What is the most likely ndiagnosis?

A.    Stomach ulcer

B.    Chronic pancreatitis

C.    Diaphragmatic hernia

D.    Chronic cholecystitis

E.     *Duodenal ulcer

45.            nA boy, aged 14, presents with facial edema, moderate back pains, body ntemperature of 37,5oC, BP- 150/100 mm  nHg, hematuria (up to 100 in v/f), proteinuria (2,0 g/l), hyaline casts – n10 in v/f, specific gravity – 1020. The onset of  the disease is probably connected with acute ntonsillitis 2 weeks ago. The most likely diagnosis is:

A.    Urolithiasis

B.    Chronic nglomerulonephritis

C.    *Acute glomerulonephritis n

D.    Cancer of the kidney

E.     Acute pyelonephritis

46.            nThe patient with aquired heart failure has diastolic pressure of 0 mm nHg. What heart failure does the child have?

A.    Mitral stenosis

B.    Mitral insufficiency

C.    Aortal stenosis

D.    *Aortal insufficiency

E.     Rheumatism

47.            nA 16-year-old boy with a history of rheumatic fever complains of fever nup to 38-39oC, abdominal pain, dyspnea, tachycardia. Heart borders are ndisplaced to the left by 2 cm, systolic and diastolic murmurs above aorta, BP nof 140/30 mm Hg. Petechial rash occurs after measurement of blood pressure. nLiver is enlarged by 3 cm, spleen is palpable. Urine is brown-yellow. What is nthe most likely diagnosis?

A.    Rheumatic fever

B.    *Infectious endocarditis

C.    Acute nephritis

D.    Acute hepatitis

E.     Aortic regurgitation

48.            nA boy is 8 year old. His physical development is compliant with his age. nThe child  has  had  ncardiac  murmur  since  nbirth.  Objectively:  skin  nand  visible  mucous membranes are of normal colour. AP- n100/70 mm Hg. Auscultation revealed systolo- diastolic murmur and diastolic nshock above the pulmonary artery. ECG shows overload of the left heart. nRoentgenoscopy shows coarsening of the lung pattern, heart shadow of normal nform. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A.    Fallot’s tetrad

B.    Pulmonary artery nstenosis

C.    *Atrio-septal defect

D.    Aorta coarctation

E.     Patent ductus arteriosus

49.            nHead circumference of a 1-month-old boy with signs of excitement is 37 ncm, prefontanel is 2×2 cm large. After feeding the child regurgitates small nportions of milk; stool is normal in its volume and composition. Muscle tone is nwithiorm. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A.    Meningitis

B.    Pylorostenosis

C.    *Pylorospasm

D.    Microcephaly

E.     Craniostenosis

50.            nA 16-year-old patient complains about skin rash that appeared 2 days ago nafter eating smoked fish. The rash  ndisappears after 4-6 hours but then turns up again. It is accompanied by nitch. Objectively: trunk and upper limbs are covered with multiple pink nblisters as big as a pea or a bean. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A.    Allergic dermatitis

B.    Toxicodermia

C.    *Acute urticaria

D.    Quincke’s edema

E.     Purigo

51.            nExamination  of  a  n9-month-old  girl  revealed  nskin  pallor,  cyanosis  nduring excitement. Percussion revealed  ntransverse dilatation of cardiac borders. Auscultation revealed  continuous  nsystolic  murmur  on  nthe  left  from  nthe  breastbone  in  nthe  3-4 intercostal space. This nmurmur is conducted above the whole cardiac region to the back. What congenital ncardiac pathology can be suspected?

A.    Coarctation of aorta

B.    Pulmonary artery nstenosis

C.    *Defect of ninterventricular septum

D.    Fallot’s tetrad

E.     Defect of interatrial nseptum

52.            n130 A child was taken to a hospital with focal changes in the skifolds. The child was anxious  during  examination,  nexamination  revealed  dry  nskin  with  solitary  npapulous elements  and  ill-defined  nlichenification  zones.  Skin  neruption  was  accompanied  nby strong itch. The child usually feels better in summer, his conditiois getting worse in winter. The child has been artificially fed since he was 2 nmonths old. He has a history of exudative diathesis. Grandmother by his nmother’s side has bronchial asthma. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A.    Urticaria

B.    Contact dermatitis

C.    *Atopic dermatitis

D.    Seborrheal eczema

E.     Strophulus

53.            nA 6-year-old boy was brought to the emergency room with a 3-hour history nof fever up to 39,5oC and sore  throat. nThe child looks alert, anxious and has a mild inspiratory stridor. You should I nmmediately:

A.    *Prepare to establish aairway

B.    Obtain an arterial blood ngas and start an IV line

C.    Order a chest x-ray and nlateral view of the neck

D.    Admit the child and nplace him in a mist tent

E.     Examine the throat and nobtain a culture

54.            nA 10-year-old girl was admitted to a hospital with carditis npresentations. It is known  from  the  nanamnesis  that  two  nweeks  ago  she  nhad  exacerbation  of  nchronic tonsillitis. What is the most likely etiological factor in this ncase?

A.    Staphylococcus

B.    Proteus

C.    Klebsiella

D.    Pneumococcus

E.     *Streptococcus

55.            nAn 11-year old girl was taken by an acute disease: she got pain in the nlumbar region, nausea, vomiting, frequent urination, body temperature 39oC. nObjectively: the abdomen is soft, painful on palpation in the lumbar nregion.  Common urine analysis revealed nconsiderable leukocyturia, bacteriuria. The urine contained colibacilli. What nis the most likely diagnosis?

A.    Acute vulvovaginitis

B.    Acute appendicitis

C.    Acute glomerulonephritis

D.    Chronic nglomerulonephritis

E.     *Acute pyelonephritis

56.            nAn infant was born with body mass 3 kg and body length 50 cm. Now he is n3 years old. His brother is 7 years old, suffers from rheumatic fever. Mother nasked the doctor for a cardiac check up of the 3-year-old son. Where is the nleft  relative heart border located?

A.    1 cm left from he left nparasternal line

B.    1 cm right from the left nmedioclavicular line

C.    *1 cm left from the left nmedioclavicular line

D.    Along the left nmedioclavicular line

E.     1 cm right from the left nparasternal line

57.            nDuring examination at a military commissariat a 15-year-old teenager was nfound to have interval systolic murmur on the cardiac apex, diastolic shock nabove the pulmonary artery, tachycardia. Which of the supplemental examinatiomethods will be the most informative for the diagnosis specification?

A.    Roengenography

B.    Phonocardiography

C.    Electrocardigraphy

D.    Rheography

E.     *Echocardiography

58.            nA 10-year-old girl consulted a doctor about thirst, frequent urination, nweight loss. She has been observing these symptoms for about a month. nObjectively: no pathology of internal organs was revealed. What laboratory nanalysis should be carried out in the first place?

A.    Glucose tolerance test

B.    Glucosuric profile

C.    Glucose in urine test othe base of daily diuresis

D.    *Blood glucose analysis non an empty stomach

E.     Acetone in urine test

59.            nOn the third day of disease a 10 years old child with acute respiratory ninfection developed productive  cough. nThe percussion is without pathologic features.  nThe auscultation reveals  nbilateral  rales over the lung nsurface. What diagnosis should be made? 

A.    *acute bronchitis 

B.    relapsing nbronchitis 

C.    obstructive nbronchitis 

D.    Asthma 

E.     Pneumonia 

60.            nAn infant aged 1 year on the third day of common cold  at night developed inspiratory stridor, nhoarse voice and barking cough. Physical examination revealed  suprasternal  nand intercostal chest retractions. There is a bluish skin discoloratiomoistly seen over the upper lip. The respiratory rate is 52 per min and pulse nrate  122 per min. The body temperature nis 37,50C. What disease does the infant have?  n

A.    *Acute infectious ncroup  due to viral laryngotracheitis ngrade II of airway obstruction, incomplete compensation state  

B.    Acute laryngitis 

C.    Bronchopneumonia  without complications 

D.    Acute bronchiolitis with nrespiratory distress   

E.     Acute epiglottitis

61.            nOne week old male infant had one episode of vomiting yesterday and 2 nepisodes of spitting up with poor feeding today. There is no history of fever, ndiarrhea or coughing. His urine output is decreased. He was born at term weight n3.2 kg. Weight now is 3.0 kg. Laboratory data: Na 128 mmol/l, K 6.9mmol/l.  What is the most probable diagnosis?  

A.    *t wasting form of nadrenal insufficiency 

B.    th trauma of central nnervous system 

C.    troenterocolitis 

D.    orospasm 

E.     orostenosis 

62.            nThe boy is 10 years old. Two weeks ago he suffered from acute ntonsillitis. Now he complains on common weakness, oedema of eyelids, ankle njoints, headache, nausea. Skin is pale, appetite is reduced, daily diuresis is n600 ml. In urinalysis: protein – 0,066 g/l, WBC – 4-6, RBC – 40-45. The most nprobable diagnosis is? 

A.    Pyelonephritis 

B.    Interstitial nnephritis 

C.    *Glomerulonephritis with nnephritic syndrome 

D.    Glomerulonephritis with nnephrotic syndrome 

E.     Polycystic kidney ndisease 

63.            n4300-g infant was born at term gestation to a poorly controlled ninsulin-dependent diabetic mother. Initially, the infant did well, but at 2 nhours of age he was noted to be lethargic and than develop tonic-clonic nseizures.  Blood glucose is 1.6 mmol/l. nWhat is the most likely reason of seizures?   n

A.    *hypoglycemia 

B.    hypocalcemia 

C.    hypomagnesemia 

D.    hyponatremia 

E.     pyridoxine ndeficiency  

64.            nBoy is 2 months old. He was born in September. Не is on breast feeding. What should a daily doze of ncholecalciferol  be for prophylaxis of nrickets? 

A.    100-200 IU 

B.    200-300 IU 

C.    300-400 IU 

D.    500-600 IU 

E.     *400-500 IU 

65.            nA 7 year old male presents to physician with the chief complaint of dark n”cola colored” urine, facial puffiness and abdominal pain for the npast 2 days. 14 days ago he had a sore throat and fever. He has had abdominal npain.  His urine is dark. Urine analysis nshows an increased specific gravity, RBCs are too numerous to count.   What is the most probable diagnosis?  

A.    *Glomerulonephritis. nNephritic Syndrome 

B.    Glomerulonephritis. nNephrotic Syndrome 

C.    Acute heart failure 

D.    Acute infection of nurinary tract 

E.     Hemolytic uremic nsyndrome 

66.            nA 4 year old female has been limping with swelling of her right knee for nseveral months. Physical examination demonstrates swelling of her right knee, nflexion contracture of 10 degrees and flexion to 120 degrees. Lab. data: WBC 8 ng/l,  with 45\% neutr., 47 lymphs\%, 8\% nmon. Hgb 120 g/l. ESR 20mm/h. Rheum. factor neg., ANA 1:640 speckled. What is nthe most probable diagnosis?  

A.    Osteomyelitis 

B.    Rheumatism 

C.    Lupus 

D.    *Juvenile Rheumatoid nArthritis  

E.     Infection Arthritis 

67.            nMother of a previously healthy 4 year old male complains of cough and nwheeze. Boy had playing with a small toy. During examination the right side of na chest show hyperresonance, diminished vocal resonance and poor air nentry.  What is the most probable ndiagnosis?  

A.    *Foreign body naspiration 

B.    Asthma 

C.    Pneumonia 

D.    Bronchitis 

E.     Bronchiolitis

68.            n1 month old female presents to the intensive care unit with severe ncyanosis, congestive heart failure, normal first sound, single second sound and nan insignificant one to two ejection systolic murmur. The electrocardiogram nshows right axis deviation and right ventricular hyperthrophy. The thoracic nroentgenogram shows cardiomegaly with narrow base and plethoric lung nfields.  What is the most probable ndiagnosis?  

A.    Congenital heart ndisease, left to right shunt 

B.    *Congenital heart ndisease, right to left shunt 

C.    Pneumonia 

D.    Congenital lung nmalformation 

E.     Bronchiolitis 

69.            n16 month old female presents  with nan acute onset of her hands and feet “drawing up. Both her hands are nflexed at the wrists with hyperextended fingers at the proximal and distal ninterphalangeal joints and flexion at the metacarpophalangeal joints. nNeurologic exam reveals symmetric hyperreflexia, decreased muscle strength and ntone. Lab.data: Ca 0,9 mmol/l, P 0.4 mmol/l. What is the most probable ndiagnosis? 

A.    *Vitamin D deficiency, nspasmophylia 

B.    Epilepsy 

C.    Acute infection of ncentral nervous system 

D.    DiGeorge syndrome  

E.     Glycogenosis 

70.            nChild is 2 months old. He is premature infant. What should a daily doze nof cholecalciferol be for prophylaxis of rickets? 

A.    400-500 IU 

B.    800-1000 IU 

C.    1200-1500 IU 

D.    *1000-1200 IU  

E.     1300-1500 IU 

71.            nGirl is 4 months old. She was born in October. She is on breast feeding. nTo what age should prophylaxis of rickets carry out? 

A.    2,5 years 

B.    2 yea rs 

C.    *1,5 years 

D.    1 year 

E.     6 months 

72.            nBoy is 4 months old. Не is on breast feeding. Determine a remedy nfor primary prophylaxis of spasmophilia.  n

A.    *Cholecalciferol   

B.    Calcium gluconate 

C.    Calcium  chloride  n

D.    Natrium chloride 

E.     Calcium  pantothenate  n

73.            nChild is 3 months old. At investigation in a polyclinic rickets was ndiagnosed. The basic process characteristic for rickets is infringement of a nmetabolism. 

A.    *Calcium and nphosphorus 

B.    Calcium and npotassium 

C.    Calcium and nmagnesium 

D.    Calcium and sodium 

E.     Calcium and zinc A

74.            nThe child is 7 months old. He suffers from spasmophilia. Disorder of nthis elements is pathogenic part in spasmophilia:

A.    Phosphate and magnesium 

B.    Phosphate and potassium

C.    Phosphate and sodium 

D.    *Calcium and phosphate

E.     Phosphate and zinc 

75.            nA 6-year-old boy with asthma has had mild wheezing only four times since nyou began treating him 3 months ago with Cromolyn inhalation twice each day. nFor the past 2 days, he has again had mild coughing and wheezing. What should nyou recommend to treat acute attack of asthma?   n

A.    *InhalatioSalbutamol   

B.    Inhalatiocorticosteroids  

C.    Loratadine 

D.    Aspirin 

E.     Theophylline 

76.            nFull term newborn has developed jaundice at 10 hours of age. Hemolytic ndisease of newborn due to Rh-incompatibility was diagnosed. 2 hours later the ninfant has indirect serum bilirubin level increasing 14 mmol/L. What is most nappropriate for treatment hyperbilirubinemia in this infant? 

A.     *exchange nblood transfusion

B.    phototherapy 

C.    phenobarbital 

D.    intestinal sorbents 

E.     infusion therapy 

77.            n7 -year-old boy with chronic cinusitis and reccurent pulmonary ninfections has chest a x-ray demonstrating a right-sided cardiac silhouette. nWhat is the most likely diagnosis?  

A.    antitrypsideficiency 

B.    cystic fibrosis 

C.    bronhiolitis nobliterans 

D.    laryngotracheomalacia 

E.     *Kartagener syndrome  

78.            nParents of 3-year-old girl complain of rectal prolapse and failure to ngain weight in spite of a good appetite. Patient has a history of recurrent nprolonged respiratory infections and frequent, bulky, greasy stools. Sweet nchloride is 126 mmol/l. What is the diagnosis?   n

A.    *cystic fibrosis 

B.    antitrypsideficiency  

C.    Kartagener syndrome  

D.    celiac disease   

E.     Hirschprung’s ndisease 

79.            n2-year-old previously healthy boy had eaten peanuts and suddenly npresents with an acute onset of cough, choking, and respiratory distress. nPhysical examination reveals a RR of 45 and wheezing, body temperature is nnormal. There is no history of asthma or allergic reactions, and no one at home nis ill.  What is the most likely ndiagnosis? 

A.    acute bronchiolitis 

B.    *foreign body naspiration  

C.    attack of asthma 

D.    acute laryngitis 

E.     angioedema 

80.            nA 6-year-old girl has had a dry cough without sputum for 2 months. The ncough is getting worse after exercises and at night. Family history revealed nthat the parents have eczema. On physical examination, you hear a wheeze iboth lung fields. She has none of the signs of chronic lung disease. What is nthe most likely diagnosis? 

A.    bronchiectasis 

B.    pertussis 

C.    foreign body naspiration 

D.    *bronchial asthma  

E.     interstitial pneumonia

81.            nA 3 month child has vomiting, poor feeding, fever up to 38°C for the 2 ndays. His  stool is frequent, with slime. nInfant has lost 250 g of weight. He is pale, mucous are dry, fontanel is n“fallen”, turgor is reduced, the abdomen is moderately inflated. The diagnosis nof enterocolitis was made, dehydratation of 2nd degree. What solution is nnecessary to prescribe for rehydratation?  n

A.    Tea 

B.    5 % glucose nsolution  

C.    Boiled water 

D.    *Rehydron 

E.     Broth of a camomile n(medical) 

82.            nThe girl is 3 years old. She has admitted to hospital with the parents’ ncomplaint on poorly walking. The excessive development of shoulder muscles is nnoticed, the lower extremities are poor developed, muscle hypotonia. The nborders of relative heart dullness are extended to the left on 2 cm. There is nsystolic murmur in 2nd intercostal interspace on the right side of the sternum. nBlood pressure on arms – 100/70, on legs – 40/20. Which diagnosis could be nsuspected? 

A.    *Coarctation of naorta 

B.    Ventricle septal ndefect 

C.    Atrium septal ndefect 

D.    Tetralogy of Fallot 

E.     myocarditis 

83.            nA mother consults her 3 years old daughter by pediatrician. The child complains  of hoarse voice, barking cough, laboured nbreathing with difficult inspiration. The infectious croup due to acute  laryngitis is diagnosed. What anatomical nfeature predisposes a child to  laryngeal nstridor?   

A.    Poor vascularization of nthe mucous membrane  

B.    Wide laryngeal nlumen  

C.    Watering-pot form of the nlarynx  

D.    *Narrow vocal slit  

E.     Diaphragmatic type of nrespiration 

84.            nThe child is 3 months old. He has admitted to hospital to diagnose the nreason for cardiac murmur. Complaints of parents: low weight gain, attacks of ndyspnoea and cyanosis which amplify at a physical load. Systolic murmur in 3rd nintercostal interspace on the left side, systolic murmur under 2nd intercostals ninterspace on the right side of the sternum, hypertrophia of right ventricle. nWhat diagnosis should be suspected? 

A.    hypertrophyc ncardiomyopathy   

B.    infectious nendocarditis 

C.    ventricular septal ndefect 

D.    *Tetralogy of Fallot 

E.     atrial septal ndefect 

85.            nThe child aged 12 yr complains of slight fever  up to 38.00C, knee joints pain, a day nbefore  ankle pain, tenderness in active nand passive movements, common weakness and cardiac pain. It is known he was ill nwith acute tonsillitis  two weeks ago. nPhysical examination reveals left heart border external shift, non frequent ncardiac premature bites. What disease should be suspected? 

A.    *Rheumatic fever 

B.    Now-rheumatic ncarditis 

C.    Rheumatoid narthritis. 

D.    Systemic lupus nerythematosus 

E.     Reactive arthritis  

86.            n8 years old girl had had  a nrheumatic fever manifested  with  chorea and  ncarditis 6 months ago. She was treated in-patient department within 1,5 nmonths. Now she is under long term observation by the rheumocardiologist ichildren out-patient department. The  nprevention therapy of rheumatic fever relapse  foresees:  n

A.    The administration of nbicillin-3 every month during 3 years 

B.    The administration of nbicillin-5 every month during a year 

C.    The administration of nbicillin-5 every month during 3 years 

D.    The administration of nbicillin-3 every month during a year 

E.     *The administration of nbicillin-5 every month during 5 years 

87.            n2 years old child has simple dyspepsia with nausea and vomiting.  There are not signs of dehydration. The nprevention of pathological fluid losses consists in the following nadministration:  

A.    *Oral rehydration  solution (ORS) 

B.    Intravenous infusion 5\% nglucose in water solution 

C.    Starvation during 12 nhours 

D.    Antibacterial ntherapy 

E.     Gastric  lavage  n

88.            nThe child aged 12 yr complains of cramping pain in the right nhypochondrium which is easily controlled with antyspasmotic  preparations. During attacks  nausea and less often vomiting occur. nPalpation of the abdomen reveals tenderness in the gallbladder projectiopoint. The liver is not enlarged. What additional method of clinical ninvestigation is the most informative in this case? 

A.    CBC (complete blood ncount) 

B.    Esophagogastroduedenoendoscopy 

C.    *Ultrasound  examination   n

D.    X-Ray upper nGastrointestinal (GI) series  

E.     Coprologic nexamination 

89.            nA 11 month female has poor appetite, stool with plenty of faeces, nperiodically vomiting after introduction of solid food during last months. nTemperature is normal. Bodyweight is 7 kg. On physical exam there are pale, noedema on legs, enlargement of abdomen. Coprogram shows a lot of greasy acids. nThe diagnosis of celiac disease was made, the aglutenic diet was prescribed. nWhat is necessary to exclude from child diet?  n

A.    *Cereals 

B.    Milk products 

C.    Meat 

D.    Egg 

E.     Easy absorbed ncarbohydrates 

90.            nA 2 year boy has subfebrile temperature, dry, persistent, prolonged, nattacked cough, frequent breathing with hindered exhalation. The breathing nunder auscultation is harsh, there are diffuse dry sibilant rales. X-ray lung nexamination shows increased transparency. There is leukopenia in blood. What ndiagnosis is the most probable? 

A.    Bronchiolitis 

B.    Pertussis 

C.    Pneumonia 

D.    Rhinitis 

E.     *Obstructive nbronchitis 

91.            nA 1,5 year old boy has non-productive cough with purulent sputum, ndyspnea, retardation in physical development, polyfecalia, increasing of sweat nchloride up to 150 mEq/l. The cystic fibrosis was diagnosed. What treatment nwill you prescribe? 

A.    *Enzymes + nantibiotics  

B.    Choleretics + nadaptogens 

C.    Н2-histaminic blockaders + hepatoprotectors 

D.    Vitamins + nantibiotics 

E.     Vitamins + nmucolytics 

92.            nWhat kind of breathing can  be nheard above  the lungs  in  nhealthy children aged  7 years?  

A.    Puerile 

B.    *Vesicular 

C.    Weakened vesicular 

D.    Coarse 

E.     Grunting  

93.            nBoy is 3 years old. Complaints: dyspnoe, fast tiredness, frequent nepisodes of respiratory diseases in history. Borders of relative heart dullness nare extended to the left, strengthening of the 2nd heart sound in the 2nd nintercostal interspace on the left side, hard systolo-dyastolic murmur in the nsecond intercostal interspace on the left side and above the  clavicle (“machine noise”), which is conducted non interscapular interspace. What is the most probable diagnosis? 

A.    atrial septal ndefect  

B.    aortal stenosis  

C.    *patent arterial duct

D.    ventricle septal ndefect   

E.     Isolated stenosis of narteria pulmonalis 

94.            nThe infant aged 2 months complaints of restlessness, subcutaneous fat nwasting and underweight. The    ndeficiency calculated from the ratio between the actual and average nexpected weight for his age is 14\%. The constipation and little amount of nstools with undigested bits are noted. The child is in the breast feeding. The ntotal day breast milk volume  is not nknown. There is not evidence of infection  nin this case. What is the most  nprobable diagnosis: 

A.    *Hyponutrition idevelopment 

B.    Mucoviscidosis, nintestinal  form 

C.    Acute ngastroenteritis  

D.    Chronic ngastroduodenitis 

E.     Dehydration  

95.            nThe girl is 5 years old. She has been hospitalised with the complaints non generalized oedema (face, abdomen, lower extremities), reduce of daily urine nvolume up to 300 ml, loss of appetite. In urinalysis – protein – 3 g/l, RBC – n1-2, WBC – 6-7, specific gravity – 1027. CBC – Hb – 110 g/l, WBC – 10 G/l. What ndiagnosis is most probable? 

A.    Polycystic kidney ndisease 

B.    Interstitial nnephritis 

C.    Pyelonephritis 

D.    *Glomerulonephritis with nnephrotic syndrome 

E.     Glomerulonephritis with nnephritic syndrome 

96.            nThe girl is 11 years old. She complains on pain in abdomen and lumbar nregion, headache, increase of temperature up to 39 C, vomiting, reduce of nappetite. Skin is pale, hot, respiration is normal, heart rate – 100 per nminute, positive Pasternatsky symptom. CBC: RBC – 3,9 T/l, WBC – 18 G/l, ESR-34 nmm/hour. Urinalysis – protein 0,066 g/l, WBC – 30-40, RBC – 1-2, bacteria – a nlot of. Most probable diagnosis is? 

A.    *Acute npyelonephritis  

B.    Acute nglomerulonephritis 

C.    Cystitis 

D.    paranephritis 

E.     Polycystic kidneys ndisease 

97.            nThe girl of 12 years old is suffering from acute glomerulonephritis. nDaily diuresis is 700 ml, heart rate – 100 per minute, blood pressure – 130/95, ntemperature – 37,3 C. In urinalysis – RBC – 30-40, WBC – 5-6, protein – 0,099 ng/l. Which medicines should be prescribed in this case? 

A.    Sulfanilamids + ncytostatics 

B.    Antibiotics + nprednisone 

C.    Antihistaminic + nvitamins 

D.    Antiaggregants + ndiuretics 

E.     *Antibiotic, hypotensive, ndiuretic, vitamin C  

98.            nThe girl is 12 years old. Yesterday she was overcooled. Now she ncomplains on pain in suprapubic area, frequent painful urination by small nportions, temperature is 37,8 C. Pasternatsky symptom is negative. Urinalysis – nprotein – 0,033 g/l, WBC – 20-25, RBC – 1-2. What diagnosis is most nprobable? 

A.    *Acute cystitis  

B.    Dysmetabolic nephropathy 

C.    Acute nglomerulonephritis 

D.    Acute npyelonephritis 

E.     Urolithiasis 

99.            nThe polycystic kidney disease was diagnosed at the boy of 3 years old. nMother complaints that the boy has growth retardation, poor appetite, vomiting. nSkin is pale, turgor of soft tissues is reduced, heart rate – 120 per minute, nharsh breathing at auscultation, abdomen is enlarged, soft. Biochemical tests – nurea – 14 mmol/l, creatinine – 0,130 mmol/l, protein – 58 g/l.  Which condition has been developed? 

A.    Interstitial nnephritis 

B.    Acute renal failure 

C.    Encephalopathy 

D.    *Chronic renal nfailure 

E.     Pyelonephritis 

100.         nThe boy of 9 years old. He is ill for 3 days. He has complaints on paiand restriction of movements in right knee and left elbow joints, dyspnoea. He nwas suffered from acute tonsillitis 2 weeks ago. There are fever (38,5 C), noedema of joints, extension of the borders of cordial dullness on 2 cm left, HR n- 110 per 1 min, weakness of 1st sound, “soft” systolic murmur on aapex. What diagnosis should be suspected?  n

A.    *Acute rheumatic nfever   

B.    systemic lupus nerythematodes 

C.    juvenile rheumatoid narthritis 

D.    Reiter’s disease 

E.     reactive arthritis 

101.         nThe 7 years old boy  developed aasphyxic attack, expiratory wheezing and cough. In past history the child has nhad relapsing  rhinitis and red eyes nsyndrome. His sister suffers with atopic dermatitis. The correct diagnosis nis: 

A.    *bronchial asthma; 

B.    acute bronchitis; 

C.    viral croup; 

D.    acute obstructive nbronchitis; 

E.     pneumonia. 

102.         nParents of the 7-year-old boy come to the neurologist with complaints of ndecrease in his movement activity, disturbance of walking. These complaints ndeveloped gradually, without any reason. At examination:  irregularity of development of the upper and nlower parts of body, a hypotonia of muscles of the feet, an absent pulsation othe femoral arteries, systolic murmur in intrascapular region. What pathology ncan be suspected at the patient?

A.    Kawasaki illness

B.    Takajasu Illness

C.    Aneurysm of aorta

D.    Endartereitis of femoral narteries

E.     * Coartation of aorta

103.         nThe girl of 6 months is ill during 10 days. The disease began acutely nwith high temperature and catarrhal syndrome. During objective examination: npaleness of skin and mucus, dyspnea, acrocyanosis, cardiomegalia. During nnonrheumatic carditis is surprised more often:

A.    All covers of heart

B.    Endocardium

C.    Pericardium

D.    Myocardium and npericardium

E.     * Myocardium

104.         nChild is 2 month old. Clinically: cardiomegaly at birth, its rapid nprogress, formation of cardiac hump, progressive left-heart cardiac ninsufficiency, refraction to the therapy. Early hereditary carditis belongs to:

A.    Acute myocarditis

B.    * Fibroelastosis

C.    Cardiac sclerosis

D.    Myocardiodistrophy

E.     Chronic myocarditis

105.         n1.5 years’ old child is ill for 1 week. Objectively: body temperature is n38.5? C, often moist cough, dyspnea in the rest. On X-ray: lungs’ roots are nbroad, infiltrated, and in both sides are little shadows. What form of an acute npneumonia is according to X-ray?

A.    Interstitial

B.    Monosegmental

C.    Polysegmental

D.    Crupous

E.     * Bronchopneumonia

106.         n10-years’ old boy is ill for 4 days. He complaints on subfebrile ntemperature, dry cough. Objectively: pallor of the skin, red cheeks, greater oright side. Percussion: on right side dull sound in lowest part, and in axillar nregion. Auscultation: on right sight lower than angle of the scapula decrease nof breathing, crepitating. What form of an acute pneumonia is possible in this ncase?

A.    Bronchopneumonia

B.    Monosegmental

C.    * Crupous

D.    Interstitial

E.     Polysegmental

107.         n5-years’ old child was hospitalized because of destructive pneumonia. nThe bacteriological investigation from pleural cavity has found staphylococci. nWhat antibacterial medicine is better to prescribe?

A.    Penicillin

B.    Ampicillin

C.    Vankomycin

D.    Erythromycin

E.     * Gentamycin

108.         nA previously healthy 13-year –old boy develops a mild pneumonia ncharacterised by a nonproductive cough. The therapy is:

A.    Ventolin

B.    Euphullin

C.    * Mucalthin

D.    Salbutamol

E.     Prednisolon

109.         nThe 5-month’s child with an acute pneumonia was hospitalized. The nclinical blood analysis is: erythrocytes 2.86 х 10??/l, Нb – 86 g/l, CI – 0.8, leucocytes 11,2 х 109/l, eosynophyles – 3 %, neutrophyles: band forms – n2 %, segments – 30 %, lymphocytes – 58 %, monocytes – 7 %, ESR – 8 mm/hour. nName the pathological changes.

A.    Lymphopenia, anemia

B.    Leucopenia, increase of ESR

C.    * Leucocytosis, anemia

D.    Lymphocytosis, nmonocytosis

E.     Shift of the formula to nthe left

110.         nThe 7-months’ old child has body temperature 38.3° C, cyanosis of nperinasal triangle, breathing rate is 54 per minute. During percussion: ndullness of the sound paravertebrally. During auscultation: big amount of small nmoist riles all over the lungs, diminished breathing and crackles on the right. nThe most possible diagnosis is:

A.    Upper respiratory tract nviral infection

B.    Acute bronchitis

C.    Acute bronchiolitis

D.    Acute interstitial npneumonia

E.     * Acute bronchopneumonia

111.         nThe 7-years’ old child was hospitalized with complaints of high body ntemperature 38.5?C, often moist cough, dyspnea at rest. What investigation will nresolve the diagnosis?

A.    Clinical analysis of a nblood

B.    Bacteriological investigatioof sputum

C.    X-ray of chest

D.    * Bronchoscopy

E.     Spirography

112.         nThe 9 months’ old child who disturbs cough, dyspnea, subfebrile body ntemperature was examined by district pediatrician. Focal bronchopneumonia was nsuspected. What auscultation picture is typical for this case?

A.    Diffuse dry rales

B.    * Local crackles

C.    Diffuse wet rales

D.    Decrease breathing

E.     Rough breathing

113.         nThe child is 7 years old. He has influenza for 5 days. The condition of nthe child sharply worsened. Once again has increased the body temperature, has appeared: nmoist cough with separation of mucous-purulent phlegm, dyspnea. Breathing – 30 nper 1 min., cyanosis of perioral triangle, in lower parts of the lungs, more ithe right, dullness of the lung sound, moist small rales. Pulse – 120 per 1 nmin., heart tones are weakened. What complication of influenza is possible?

A.    Croup syndrome

B.    Meningitis

C.    Myocarditis

D.    Obstructive bronchitis

E.     * Pneumonia

114.         nThe child, 7 years old, has measles for 10 days. He complains of nincreasing of the body temperature to 39 0С, general weakness, and periodic humid cough with nmucous phlegm. Objectively: the general condition is moderate, skin is pale nwith pigmented rashes. On auscultation – dull sound, small rales in lower parts nof lungs. What complication of the measles has appeared in child?

A.    Tracheobronchitis

B.    Bronchitis

C.    * Pneumonia

D.    Pharyngitis

E.     Bronchiolitis

115.         nAn 18-month-old child is taken to hospital on the 4-th day of the ndisease. The disease began acutely with temperature 39°C, weakness, cough, nrestlessness. He is pale, has cyanosis, febrile temperature for more than 3 ndays. There are crackles and small bubbling rales at the auscultation on the nright. Percussion sound is shortened in right under scapula area. X-ray npicture: unhomogenous segmental infiltration 8-10 at the right, the increase of nvascular picture, unstructural roots. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A.    Bronchitis

B.    * Segmental pneumonia

C.    Interstitial pneumonia

D.    Influenza

E.     Bronchiolitis

116.         nA 10-year-old boy complains of a headache, weakness, fever (temperature n- 40° C), vomiting. On physical examination: there is an expressed dyspnea, npale skin with a flush on a right cheek, right hemithorax respiratory movement ndelays, dullness on percussion of the lower lobe of the right lung, weakness of nvesicular respiration in this region. The abdomen is painless and soft by npalpation. What disease causes these symptoms and signs?

A.    Intestinal infection

B.    * Pneumonia crupous

C.    Acute cholecystitis

D.    Influenza

E.     Acute appendicitis

117.         nA 14-year-old patient has been treated in a hospital. A fever of 39°C, nchest pain which is worsened by breathing, cough, brownish sputum appeared othe 7th day of the treatment. Chest X-ray shows left lower lobe infiltrate. nWhich of the following is the treatment of choice for this patient?

A.    Erythromycin

B.    Streptomycin

C.    Penicillin

D.    Tetracycline

E.     * Cephalosporines of the nIII generation

118.         nA 16-year-old male was admitted to the hospital complaining of stabbing nback pain on inspiration and dyspnea. On exam, t – 37°C, Ps 92/min, BR of n24/min, vesicular breath sounds. There is a dry, grating, low-pitched sound nheard in both expiration and inspiration in the left lower lateral part of the nchest. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A.    * Acute fibrinous npleuritis

B.    Pneumonia

C.    Pneumothorax

D.    Myocarditis

E.     Acute bronchitis

119.         nA 3 month old infant suffering from acute segmental pneumonia has ndyspnea (respiratory rate – 80 per minute), paradoxical breathing, tachycardia, ntotal cyanosis. Respiration/pulse ratio is 1:2. The relative heart dullness nborders are normal. Such signs are characteristic for:

A.    Congenital heart defect

B.    * Respiratory failure of nIII degree

C.    Respiratory failure of I ndegree

D.    Respiratory failure of nII degree

E.     Respiratory failure of 0 ndegree

120.         nA 6 year old girl has an acute onset of fever up to 39oC with chills, ncough, and pain on respiration in the right side of her chest. On physical nexamination: HR – 120/min, BP- 85/45 mm Hg, RR- 36/min. There is dullness over nthe right lung on percussion. On X-ray: infiltrate in the right middle lobe of nthe lung. What is the diagnosis?

A.    Interstitial pneumonia

B.    Acute pleuritis

C.    Community-acquired lobar npneumonia

D.    Acute lung abscess

E.     * Nosocomial lobar npneumonia

121.         n8-month-old child was entered to the hospital. After bacteriological nobservation it is diagnosed atypical community-acquired Chlamidia trachomatis npneumonia. Select the best antibiotic.

A.    Carbopenem

B.    Aminopenicilline

C.    Cephalosporin

D.    * Macrolides

E.     Aminoglycosides

122.         nA boy, 8 years old, has addressed to pediatrician with complains of nincreasing of the body temperature to 37.5 ?С, sore throat, cough, serous discharge from nose, nlacrimation. During examination mild hyperemia and edema of the tonsils and nback pharyngeal wall, conjunctives were revealed. The physician suspects nadenoviral infection. Which method of express-diagnostics is better to use for nacknowledgement of the diagnosis?

A.    The selection of the nvirus on tissue culture

B.    Serological ninvestigation

C.    bacteriological ninvestigation

D.    Bacteriosсopy investigation of pharyngeal swab

E.     * Immunofluorescent nmethod

123.         nA patient with nosocomial pneumonia presents signs of collapse. Which of nthe following pneumonia complications is most likely to be accompanied by ncollapse?

A.    Exudative pleuritis

B.    Bronchial obstruction

C.    Toxic hepatitis

D.    Emphysema

E.     * Septic shock

124.         nAn 18-month-old child is taken to hospital on the 4-th day of the ndisease. The disease began acutely with temperature 39°C, weakness, cough, nrestlessness. He is pale, has cyanosis, febrile temperature for more than 3 ndays. There are crackles, fine bubbling rales at the auscultation. Percussion sound nis shortened in right under scapula area. X-ray picture: unhomogenous segmental ninfiltration 8-10 in the right, the increase of vascular picture, unstructural nroots. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A.    Bronchitis

B.    * Segmental pneumonia

C.    Interstitial pneumonia

D.    Influenza

E.     Bronchiolitis

125.         nA 7-year-old boy has body temperature 39.4°C, productive cough and nintoxication. During the examination: a voice fremitus is stronger, short npercussion sound, depressed breathing and bronhophonia over the right lung. The nX-ray: a homogeneous infiltration of the right lung lower lobe. What is the ndiagnosis?

A.    Acute right-sided nsegmental pneumonia

B.    Acute right-sided npleuritis

C.    * Acute right-sided lobar npneumonia

D.    Acute right-sided nintersticial pneumonia

E.     Acute right-sided npneumothorax

126.         nA 9 month-old baby has fever, cough, dyspnea. She is sick for 5 days nafter contact with ARVI patient. Condition of the child is severe. Temperature n38°C, nasolabial triangle is cyanotic. RR 54 per 1 min, nostrils flaring during nbreathing. Percussion: a shortening of the sound below the right scapula angle, nover the other sites – tympanic sound. On auscultation – small bubbling moist nrales on both sides, more on the right side. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A.    Acute bronchiolitis

B.    ARVI

C.    Acute laryngotracheitis

D.    * Acute pneumonia

E.     Acute bronchitis

127.         nA child of 10 months has acute bronchopneumonia with destruction of the nleft lung. Which agent is most likely caused this disease?

A.    Pneumococcus (S. npneumoniae)

B.    Colibacillus (E. Coli)

C.    Pseudomonas aeruginosa

D.    Proteus vulgaris

E.     * St. aureus

128.         nPatient 14yrs during the week noted the deterioration of general ncondition, sub-febrile temperature. Then suddenly developed fever to 38°C, nthere was pain in the right half of the chest, a dry cough. On the right of the n3 ribs downwards shortening of percussion sounds is determined. Above the nshortening of the sound breathing is not listened. The blood leukocytes n10.5×109, ESR – 32mm/h. X-ray on the right intense homogenous darkening of 3 nribs down. The heart is shifted to the left. What disease should be suspected nin a patient?

A.    Pneumonia

B.    * Pleural effusion

C.    Cancer of the lung

D.    Acute lung a bscess

E.     Spontaneous pneumothorax

129.         nChild 2.5 years is acutely ill. Body temperature is raised to 38° C and nappeared with abdominal pain, vomiting once. Condition of the child is severe. nSkin is pale. Breathing rate is 80 per minute. There is cyanosis of naso-labial ntriangle. Dullness of percussion sound is in the right lower part of chest, nthere is diminished breathing, crackles is absent. Abdomen is moderately nswollen, painful to palpation in the right upper ribs region. At chest X-ray- nright side is infiltrated in 7-10 segments. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A.    Membranous pneumonia

B.    Acute appendicitis

C.    Right side pericardial npleurisy

D.    Acute obstructive bronchitis

E.     * Acute right side npolysegmental pneumonia

130.         nChild in 12y.o. diagnosed pneumonia, which is caused by Mycoplasma npneumoniae. What treatment should be chosen?

A.    Adrenalin

B.    Cephalosporines

C.    * Macrolide

D.    Antifungal drugs

E.     Aminopenicillin

131.         nChild is two years old. The mother appealed to the district npediatricians with complaints of child cough, runny nose, fever up to 38.5°C, nweakness and decrease in appetite. Objectively: condition of the child is nmoderately severe, skin is pale, RR 40 per 1 min., Auscultation: lung breathing nis hard, there is crackles on the lower right side. What is the diagnosis?

A.    Acute bronchiolitis

B.    Obstructive bronchitis

C.    Acute bronchitis

D.    Bronchial asthma

E.     * Pneumonia

132.         nA 2 years old child has dry cough, dyspnea, body temperature is 37.5°C. nPercussion:  clear pulmonary sound nwithout dullness. Auscultation: dry whistling and different moist rales. In the nperipheral blood: leukocytosis, eosynophylia, increased ESR. What disease is npossible?

A.    Acute simple bronchitis

B.    * Obstructive bronchitis

C.    Acute pneumonia

D.    Bronchial asthma

E.     Whooping cough

133.         nPediatrician was called to the 2-years old child who’s mother complaints nof a subfebrile temperature, rhinitis and dry cough. He is ill for 3 days. nDuring percussion: a clear pulmonary sound without dullness. During auscultation: npuerile breathing. Laboratory findings: leucopenia, lymphocytosis, increased nESR. What disease is possible first of all?

A.    Acute obstructive nbronchitis

B.    Acute bronchopneumonia

C.    * Acute tracheitis

D.    Acute bronchitis

E.     Recurrent bronchitis

134.         nThe 5-months’ old child has subfibrile temperature, paroxysmal cough and ndyspnea. He is hospitalized. 3 days ago he was in a contact with sister ill oacute upper respiratory tract viral infection. Objectively: the condition is nsevere, skin is cyanotic, considerable expiration dyspnea, oral crepitation. nPercussion: tympanic sound. Auscultation: a scattered, wet rales in both sides, nrespiratory rate is 80 per 1 minute. What disease is possible?

A.    Bronchial asthma

B.    Aspiration of a foreigbody

C.    Acute bronchitis

D.    Acute pneumonia

E.     * Bronchiolitis

135.         nThe 7-years’ old child was hospitalized with complaints on wet cough. nHis condition has worsened 10 days ago. He is ill during last 4 years: viral ninfections 3-4 times per year are accompanied by bronchitis. Objectively: cough nwith sputum. Percussion: a clear pulmonary sound. Auscultation: rough nbreathing, nonconstant single diffuse wet rales. X-ray: lung pattern is nincreased, roots are nonstructural. What disease is possible in this case?

A.    Viral infection

B.    Acute bronchitis

C.    Acute pneumonia

D.    Chronic disease of lungs

E.     * Relapsed bronchitis

136.         nThe child is 7 years old. He has influenza for 5 days. The condition of nthe child sharply worsened. Once again has increased the body temperature, has nappeared: moist cough with sputum, dyspnea. RR – 30 per min., cyanosis of nperioral triangle, in lower parts of the lungs is dullness of the lung sound, nmoist small rales. Pulse – 120 in 1 min., heart tones are weak. What ncomplication of influenza is possible?

A.    * Pneumonia

B.    Meningitis

C.    Myocarditis

D.    Obstructive bronchitis

E.     Croup syndrome

137.         nThe child, 2 years old, is treated from influenza. His conditiosuddenly became worse: the body temperature has increased to 39.8 ?С, has appeared rough barking cough, hoarseness of the nvoice, expressed inspiratory dyspnea. Objectively: involvement of the auxiliary nmuscles  in breathing, skin pallor, ntachycardia. What complication of influenza has developed?

A.    Pneumonia

B.    Bronchiolitis

C.    Croup syndrome

D.    Obstructive bronchitis

E.     * Pharyngitis

138.         nA 2 years old child has dry cough, dyspnea, body temperature is 37.5°C. nPercussion:  tympanic sounds. nAuscultation: breath sounds are coarse, dry whistling and different moist nrales. In the peripheral blood: leucocytosis, eosynophylia, increased ESR. What ndisease is possible?

A.    Acute simple bronchitis

B.    * Obstructive bronchitis

C.    Acute pneumonia

D.    Bronchial asthma

E.     Whooping cough

139.         nPediatrist was called to the 2-years child in connection with subfibrile nfever, rhinitis and dry cough. Child is sick 3-d day. Percussion: a clear npulmonary sounds. Auscultation: breath sounds are coarse. By results of nexaminations: a leucopenia, lymphocytosis, accelerated ESR. What disease is npossible first of all?

A.    Acute obstructive nbronchitis

B.    Acute tracheitis

C.    Acute bronchopneumonia

D.    Relapse bronchitis

E.     * Acute bronchitis

140.         nThe 9-month’s child in a severe condition is hospitalized. Diagnose is nbronchiolitis. What is the reason of the severe condition of the child?

A.    Neurotoxicosis

B.    Heart failure

C.    Epinephral failure

D.    * Respiratory failure

E.     Exicosis

141.         nThe 5-years child has obstructive bronchitis. There is non-productive ncough and dyspnea. What drugs will be as a base of therapy?

A.    Antibiotics

B.    Hyposensibilization

C.    Mucolitics

D.    * Broncholitics

E.     Hormones

142.         nThe 5-month’s child with the complaints of subfibrile fever, inefficient ntussis, dyspnea is hospitalized. He was ill 3 days ago after a contact with ill non virus sister. Objectively: the condition is very severe, skin is cyanotic, nconsiderable expiration dyspnea, oral crepitation. Percussion: sound boxes. nAuscultation: prolonged expiratory, scattered whistling sounds, RR 80 per 1 nminute. What disease is possible?

A.    Bronchial asthma

B.    Aspiration of a foreigbody

C.    Acute bronchitis

D.    Acute pneumonia

E.     * Bronchiolitis

143.         n12-month old child after contact with cat has a frequent paroxysmal, nirritative, nonproductive cough. The child has short breathing, he tries to nbreathe more deeply and the expiratory phase becomes prolonged and is naccompanied by an audible wheezing. His lips are cyanotic, cyanosis observed ithe nail beds and skin, especially around the mouth. The child is restless and nanxious. Sweating is prominent as the attack progresses. In history: allergy ofood products. Put your diagnosis.

A.    Acute pneumonia

B.    * Bronchial asthma

C.    Obstructive bronchitis

D.    Bronhiolitis

E.     Respiratory virus ninfection

144.         n144.      The child of 6 years – ndiagnose asthma bronchial the first time. After liquidation of   attack period it was decided to prescribe nanti-inflammatory therapy. It is necessary to give:

A.    Aspirin

B.    Diclofenac

C.    Prednizolon

D.    Іndometacini

E.     * Nedocromil

145.         nThe child of 10 years – diagnose bronchial asthma during 5 yrs. Attack nperiods appear in summer during flowering. In period between attacks the child nneeds such treatment:

A.    Anti-inflammatory

B.    Antibacterial

C.    Broncholitical

D.    Mucolitical

E.     * Inhaled corticosteroids n

146.         nThe child of 10 years – diagnose bronchial asthma during 5 years. nDuration of an attack period is more than 6 hours. It is necessary to nprescribe:

A.    Adrenalin

B.    * Prednizolon

C.    Suprastin

D.    Еfedrin

E.     Іntal

147.         n1.5 years old child is sick the second day. Body temperature is 37.8°C, nrestless, barking cough, hoarse voice, noisy breathing, stridor, pallor of nskin, retraction at rest. Put diagnosis.

A.    Pneumonia

B.    Bronchiolitis

C.    Foreign body aspiration

D.    Bronchial asthma

E.     * Laryngitis

148.         nA child 10 months was entered to the hospital in severe condition with nexpiratory shortness of breath, dry cough, the temperature 38°C. At percussioover lungs there is tympanic sound. Auscultation reveals prolonged expiration, nmany dry wheezing and occasional wet rales on both sides. What is your ndiagnosis?

A.    Bronchial asthma

B.    * Acute obstructive nbronchitis

C.    Pertussis

D.    Acute bronchitis

E.     Pneumonia

149.         nA child is 11 months. He is ill ARI. On the second day it was marked the nemergence of a barking cough, hoarse voice, stridor, breath difficulties, nshortness of breath, cyanosis. In what department is hospitalized child?

A.    Pulmonary

B.    Infectious

C.    Junior childhood

D.    Otolaryngology

E.     * Intensive care unit

150.         nA child 5 years is ill. Premorbid anamnesis is good. There is a mild indisposition, nincreasing t°  to 37.3°C, decreased nappetite, frequent coughing, significant nasal drainage. Objectively: RR-25 per n1 min., percussion lung sound, auscultation reveals different bubble rales, nafter the cough character of rales changes. It was diagnosed ARI, acute nbronchitis. What kind of treatment is most faithful?

A.    Aminoglycosides

B.    * Mucolytics and vitamins

C.    Sulphamids

D.    Antihistamines

E.     Cephalosporines

151.         nA child 7 years is ill. There is a slight indisposition, increasing nt°  to 37.3°C, decrease of appetite, nfrequent coughing, significant nasal drainage. ARI is diagnosed, acute nbronchitis. What kind of treatment is most faithful?

A.    Antibiotics

B.    Vitamins

C.    Physiotherapy

D.    Antihistamine

E.     * Mucolytics

152.         nA child of 9 months is acutely ill: increased body temperature to n38,8°C, cough, runny nose. On 3d day of illness, at night, the condition became nworse: the child became restless, barking cough, stridor and hoarse voice nappeared, inspiratory shortness of breath. It was diagnosed croup. Which of the npathogens most likely is the reason of croup in children?

A.    Adenovirus

B.    * Virus parainfluenza

C.    Rynovirus

D.    Enteroviruse

E.     Influenza

153.         nChildren under eight months came to hospital complaining of nnon-productive, intense cough for 2 days, wheezing breath, increased body t° to n37.8°C. Objectively: perioral cyanosis; barrel thorax; auscultation: different nwet rales. It was diagnosed obstructive bronchitis. What is the basic therapy?

A.    Corticosteroids

B.    Antibiotics

C.    Mukolytics

D.    Enzymes

E.     * Broncholytics

154.         nChild is 2 years. He is Ill at the first time. Sick 2 days: t° – 37.4°C, ndry cough, RR 60 per min, expiratory dyspnea. There is box sound over lungs. nAuscultation reveals hard breathing, crepitation and dry whistling. What is the ndiagnosis?

A.    Bronchiolitis

B.    Congenital stridor

C.    * Acute obstructive nbronchitis

D.    Pneumonia

E.     Acute bronchitis

155.         nChild is 2 years. He is Ill at the first time. Sick 2 days: t° – 37.4°C, ndry cough, RR 30 per min. There is clear lung sound. Auscultation reveals hard nbreathing, crepitation and dry rales. The X-ray shows increasing of pulmonary npattern. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A.    Obstructive bronchitis

B.    Congenital strydor

C.    Pneumonia

D.    Bronchiolitis

E.     * Acute (simple) nbronchitis

156.         nChild is four months old. He is acutely ill with fever to 37.8°C, ncoughing. On 3d day cough increased, shortness of breath appeared, percussiotympanic sound over lungs, auscultation: prolonged expiration, a large number nof fine wet and wheezing rales on exhalation on both sides. What is your npreliminary diagnosis?

A.    ARI, pneumonia

B.    * ARI, acute nbronchiolitis

C.    ARI, obstructive nbronchitis

D.    ARI, focal pneumonia

E.     ARI, acute bronchitis

157.         nChild is 6 months. He is acutely ill with fever to 37.8°C, coughing. O3d day cough increased, shortness of breath appeared, percussion tympanic sound nover lungs, auscultation: on both sides a large number of fine wet and wheezing nrales on exhalation. Acute bronchiolitis was diagnosed. What is the reason of nsuch disease?

A.    Rinovirus

B.    Flu

C.    * Respiratory syncytial nvirus

D.    Virus parainfluenza

E.     Adenovirus

158.         nThe girl 10 months was entered to the hospital the next day of illness nwith complaints of increase body temperature to 39°C, dry, barking cough. After nclinical examination the diagnosis of acute laryngitis was established. What nbreathing disorder is characteristic for this situation?

A.    Mixed breathlessness

B.    Expiratory dyspnea

C.    Hoarse breath

D.    Stridor breath

E.     * Inspiratory dyspnea

159.         nThree-year-old boy was delivered to the hospital at night by ambulance. nHe is ill 2 days. On background of ARVI loud inspiratory dyspnea occurred with nretraction of intercostal spaces, blowing nostrils and barking cough. The most nprobable diagnose is:

A.    Epiglottitis

B.    Bronchial asthma

C.    Real (diphtheric) croup

D.    * Viral false croup

E.     Foreign body of air ways

160.         nThe child 5 years was admitted to the hospital with rapid breathing ndisorders. Skin is pale, acrocyanosis, stenotic breathing, breathing with nparticipation of auxiliary muscles, retractions at rest, hoarse voice. He has ncontact with ill ARI person. Your diagnosis is:

A.    Laryngeal papillomatosis

B.    * Laryngotracheitis

C.    Foreign body of larynx

D.    Foreign body of trachea

E.     Bronchitis

161.         nChild 2 month was born premature. Clinically: mild cardiomegaly, proof narrhythmias from birth, which are interrupted by medicines. EchoCG: moderate ndilatation of the left ventricle, hypokinesia  nof its walls, without the morphological  nchanges. Late congenital carditis was diagnosed. Late hereditary ncarditis is formed in terms of gestation:

A.    1 – 3 months

B.    * 7 – 9 months

C.    During a birth

D.    1-6 months

E.     4 – 6 months

162.         nChild is 2 month old. Clinically: cardiomegaly at birth, its rapid nprogress, formation of cardiac hump, progressive left-heart cardiac ninsufficiency, refraction to the therapy. Fibroelastosis was diagnosed. It is npossible to suspect fibroelastosis when:

A.    Rough systolic murmur oapex

B.    Bradiarythmia

C.    Diastolic murmur on apex

D.    Diastolic murmur oaorta

E.     * The refraction to ntherapy tachycardia

163.         nChild is 2 month old. Clinically: cardiomegaly at birth, its rapid nprogress, formation of cardiac hump, progressive left-heart cardiac ninsufficiency, refraction to the therapy. Fibroelastosis was diagnosed. For nchanges during fibroelastos it is not characteristic:

A.    Cardiac hump

B.    Decrease of physical ndevelopment

C.    Hepatomegalia

D.    * Leucocytosis

E.     Cardiac noise

164.         nChild 5 yrs old was entered to the hospital with complaints of weakness, ndecline of appetite, shortness of breath. Clinically it was revealed ncardiomegaly, weakness of heart tones, arrhythmias, soft systolic murmur on the napex. Acute nonrheumatic carditis was diagnosed. It is caused by:

A.    Viruses

B.    Bacteria

C.    * All transferred

D.    Allergic conditions

E.     Toxins

165.         nChild 5 yrs old was entered to the hospital with complaints of weakness, ndecline of appetite, shortness of breath. Clinically it was revealed ncardiomegaly, weakness of heart tones, arrhythmias, soft systolic murmur on the napex. Acute nonrheumatic carditis was diagnosed. For acute nonrheumatic ncarditis is not characteristic:

A.    Tachycardia

B.    Cardiomegalia

C.    Dullness of heart tones

D.    Bradycardia

E.     * Pain in joints

166.         nChild 8 yrs old was entered to the hospital with complaints of weakness, ndecline of appetite, shortness of breath. Clinically it was revealed ncardiomegaly, weakness of heart tones, arrhythmias, soft systolic murmur on the napex. Acute nonrheumatic carditis was diagnosed. The forecast during acute nnonrheumatic carditis

A.    * Recovering

B.    Death till 3 years

C.    Death till 1 year

D.    The illness during all nlife

E.     Death till 6 years

167.         nChild 7 yrs old had acute nonrheumatic carditis 2 year ago. 1 year ago nit was relapse of carditis. Mother interrupted therapy after 1 month of ntreatment. Clinically it is revealed physical retardation, cardiac hump and nsigns of cardiac failure.

A.    Chronic nonrheumatic ncarditis is diagnosed. The forecast is:

B.    Cardiac insufficiency

C.    Death till 3 years

D.    Death till 1 year

E.     * Recovering

168.         nChild is 3 month old. Clinically: cardiomegaly at birth, its rapid nprogress, formation of cardiac hump, progressive left-heart cardiac ninsufficiency, refraction to the therapy. Fibroelastosis was diagnosed. nCardinal in treatment of fibroelastosis is:

A.    Surgical correction of ninfringements of hemodynamics

B.    Catheterisation of heart ncavities

C.    * Heart transplantation

D.    Hormones therapy

E.     Antibiotic therapy

169.         nChild 7 yrs old was entered to the hospital with complaints of weakness, ndecline of appetite, shortness of breath. Clinically it was revealed ncardiomegaly, weakness of heart tones, arrhythmias, soft systolic murmur on the napex. Acute nonrheumatic carditis was diagnosed. Preparation of choise during nacute nonrheumatic carditis is:

A.    Planquenil

B.    Digoxin

C.    Delagil

D.    Lasix

E.     * Aspirin

170.         nChild 7 yrs old had acute nonrheumatic carditis 1 year ago. Mother ninterrupted therapy after 1 month of treatment. Clinically it is observed nperiodic cardialgias, weak heart tones, tachyarrhythmia, functional systolic nmurmur. Subacute nonrheumatic carditis is diagnosed. Preparation of choise is:

A.    Aspirin

B.    Prednisolone

C.    Digoxin

D.    * Delagil

E.     Indometacin

171.         nChild 9 yrs old was entered to the hospital with complaints of weakness, ndecline of appetite, shortness of breath. Clinically it was revealed ncardiomegaly, weakness of heart tones, arrhythmias, soft systolic murmur on the napex. Acute nonrheumatic carditis was diagnosed. The daily dose of prednisoloduring acute nonrheumatic carditis is:

A.    1,5 – 2,5 mg/kg

B.    2,5 – 3,5 mg/kg

C.    3,5 – 4,5 mg/kg

D.    5 mg/kg

E.     * 0,5 – 1,5 mg/kg

172.         nChild 10 yrs old had acute nonrheumatic carditis 2 year ago. 1 year ago nit was relapse of carditis. Mother interrupted therapy after 1 month of ntreatment. Clinically it is revealed physical retardation, cardiac hump and nsigns of cardiac failure. Chronic nonrheumatic carditis is diagnosed. Drug nwhich does not improve function of myocardium is:

A.    * Metiluracil

B.    Mildronat

C.    Fosphaden

D.    Cardonat

E.     Riboxin

173.         nChild was born in term. From 2 weeks sudden episodes of bluish skin from ncrying or feeding was observed. Clinical examination permits to suspect ncongenital heart disease. What are the blood compensatory mechanisms icyanotic defects?

A.    Leucocytosis with left nshift, elevation of ESR

B.    Hypohemoglobinemia, low nblood viscosity, erythrocytopenia

C.    * Polycythemia, nhyperhemoglobinemia, high blood viscosity

D.    Leucocytopenia, nHypohemoglobinemia

E.     Thrombocytosis, high nblood viscosity

174.         nClinical examination of child has revealed tachycardia, cardiomegaly, ndyspnea at physical activity. Instrumental observations were prescribed. What nheart defect is characterized by round, apple-shaped heart during X-ray nexamination?

A.    Fallout tetralogy

B.    Pulmonary stenosis

C.    Atrial septal defect

D.    Aortic stenosis

E.     * Tricuspid atresia

175.         nChild 1 month was born in term. Clinically it is observed tachycardia, narrhythmia, respiratory problems, shortness of breath, continuous machine-like nmurmur. Patent ductus arteriosus is diagnosed clinically. How can you ncharacterize the patent ductus arteriosus?

A.    Cyanotic heart defect nwith right-to-left shunt

B.    Acquired heart disease

C.    * Acyanotic heart defect nwith left-to-right shunt

D.    Acyanotic heart defect nwithout shunt

E.     Complication of the ncongenital heart disease

176.         nA patient, 14 yrs old, suffering from heart failure, undergoes inpatient ntreatment. On ECG: changes in the form of a trough-shaped displacement of ST nsegment below isoline and frequent ventricular extrasystoles. What is the most nprobable cause of these changes?

A.    Carditis

B.    Potassium overdose

C.    Myocardiodystrophy

D.    * Cardiac glycosides noverdose

E.     Myocardiosclerosis

177.         nA 5-year-old child had an attack of palpitation with nausea, dizziness, ngeneralized fatigue. On ECG: tachycardia with heartbeat rate of 220/min, nventricle complexes are deformed and widened, P wave is absent. What medicatiois to be prescribed to provide first aid?

A.    Seduxen

B.    Isoptin

C.    Novocainamides

D.    Strophantin

E.     * Lidocain

178.         nDuring examination of the 4 months old boy were revealed: cardiomegaly, nsteadfast tachyarrythmia, stagnant wheezes in lungs, dyspnea, increasing liver nto 3cm. Early inborn carditis was diagnosed. What degree of the cardiac ninsufficiency has this child?

A.    1st

B.    2A 

C.    3rd 

D.    * 2-B 

E.     4th

179.         nDuring examination of 1 year child next findings were observed: mild nperyoral cyanosis, respiratory rate is 47 per min., pulse rate is 144 nbeats/min., auscultation: normal lung sound, diminished heart sounds and rough nsystolic murmur on the apex and Erb’s point; hepatomegaly +2 cm, moderate edema non legs. Such clinical findings are character to:

A.    The I degree of heart nfailure

B.    * The II A degree of nheart failure

C.    The III degree of heart nfailure

D.    The 0 degree of heart nfailure

E.     The II B degree of heart nfailure

180.         nGirl 7 years in the hospital with congestive heart failure is receiving ndigoxin. On the fifth day of treatment there were vomiting, nausea, anorexia, nheadache, disturbance of color vision, liquid emptying. What is the most likely ncause of this complication?

A.    Acute renal failure

B.    Exacerbation of nunderlying disease

C.    Acute nmeningoencephalitis

D.    Botulism

E.     * Dygitalis intoxication

181.         nA 16-year old girl with mitral stenosis after exercise there was a mixed nattack of breathlessness, cough with frothy sputum release. AP is 140/95mm Hg. nWhat did cause the deterioration of the patient?

A.    Left auricular acute nfailure

B.    Bronchoobstructive nsyndrome

C.    Acute right ventricular nfailure

D.    Increase in total nperipheral resistance

E.     * Acute left ventricular nfailure

182.         nIn children 1 year with fibroelastosis on the background of ARI suddenly nappeared anxious, acrocyanosis, pulse 132 per minute, BR 50 per min, fine moist nrales in the lower areas of lungs, pO2 60mm Hg, pCO2 55mm Hg. On X-ray: – ncardiomegaly, increased pulmonary pattern, roots are as butterfly wings. nExacerbation is the result of:

A.    Both sides pneumonia

B.    Bronchiolitis

C.    Angioneurotic edema

D.    * Pulmonary edema

E.     Lung abscess

183.         nA child 12 years old suffers from rheumatic mitral heart defect. After nexercise there was shortness of breath, paroxysmal cough, unproductive cough, nbubbling breath. On auscultation on the background of hard breathing there are ndifferent-sized moist rales. HR – 120 per 1 minute, AP – 110/60mm Hg.  What emergency state has developed in a nchild?

A.    Acute heart failure is a ntotal type

B.    * Acute heart failure, nleft ventricular type

C.    Acute vascular ninsufficiency

D.    Acute respiratory nfailure

E.     Acute heart failure, nright ventricular type

184.         nA child is 13 years old. He has combined rheumatic mitral valve defects nwith predominance of failure. On the background of acute respiratory viral ninfections increased shortness of breath, general weakness, there was a feeling nof tightness in the chest, a dry cough. The position is semi-sitting. There are nair of long suffering on his face and cyanosis of the lips. Pulse on peripheral nvascular is weak filling. Heart rate is 150 per 1 min. In the lungs on the nbackground of hard breathing in low back areas variegated moist rales are nlistened. Liver is on the costal arch. What emergency state has developed in a nchild?

A.    Acute right ventricular nheart failure

B.    Total acute heart nfailure

C.    * Acute left ventricular nheart failure

D.    Acute vascular ninsufficiency

E.     Chronic left ventricular nfailure

185.         nThe boy 12 years, suffering from mitral stenosis, after playing nbasketball has increasing breathing, feels a lack of air, attack and dyspnea, nbubbling secreations on the lips. In the lungs (back basal areas) there are nfine moist rales. The most likely cause of worsening of the child condition is nassociated with:

A.    Acute vascular ninsufficiency

B.    Cardiac total ninsufficiency

C.    * Cardiac left-type ninsufficiency

D.    Acute heart right-type ninsufficiency

E.     Acute respiratory nfailure

186.         nPatient 15 years with mitral heart defect is treated by digoxi(0.00025g twice daily) and furosemid (0,04g twice a week). At 10 day of ntreatment appeared acute heartbeat, frequent ventricular extrasystoles, nausea, nvomiting. Your tactics is:

A.    Add to digoxiindomethacin

B.    Reduce digoxin dose in 2 ntimes

C.    Cancel digoxin, nprescribe atropine subcutaneously

D.    Replace digoxin ostrophantin  i/v

E.     * Cancel digoxin, nprescribe potassium preparations, unitiol  ni/m

187.         nThe boy in the maternity hospital was diagnosed congenital heart defects n(ventricular septum defect). In the 2-month age appeared dyspnea to 60 per nminute, tachycardia to 170 beats per minute, increasing of liver 3cm below costal narch edge. What preparations should be priority to the child?

A.    Preparation of potassium

B.    Nonsteroid nanti-inflammatory drugs

C.    Beta-blockers

D.    Glucocorticoids

E.     * Cardiac glycosides

188.         n188.      Child 5yrs old suffers nfrom congestive heart failure ІІ stages. Three times a week regularly ntakes furosemide. In connection with the occurrence of acute bronchopneumonia ndoctor prescribed combined pharmacotherapy. On the fifth day   hearing of the patient decreased. Name the ndrug which at joint reception with furosemidom caused deafness.

A.    * Gentamicin

B.    Mucaltin

C.    Linex

D.    Claritin

E.     Nistatin

189.         nChild 4yrs old complains of unpleasant feeling in heart, pain iabdomen. The boy in the maternity hospital was diagnosed congenital heart ndefects (ventricular septum defect. Suddenly quickening of the heartbeat at nrest to 150-200 beats per minute was observed. What must parents do?

A.    Call ambulance ncardiologic help

B.    * Put child in a nhorizontal position and call ambulance cardiologic help

C.    Put child in a nhorizontal position

D.    Press on carotid sinus

E.     Give Phenobarbital

190.         nChild 10yrs old with acute carditis complains of discomfort in the nheart, constricting pain in the chest, pain in the epigastric region, ndizziness, vomiting. Child feels fear. Skin is pale, there are nacrocyanosis,  swelling of neck veins. nPulse is weak, heart rate caot be counting. On ECG pulse is 260 per 1 nminute. What complication did occur?

A.    Acute left heart failure nwith sinus tachycardia

B.    Acute right heart nfailure with sinus tachycardia

C.    * Supraventricular nparoxysmal tachycardia

D.    Ventricular paroxysmal ntachycardia

E.     Total heart failure with nsinus tachycardia

191.         nChild 10yrs old with acute carditis complains of discomfort in the nheart, constricting pain in the chest, pain in the epigastric region, ndizziness, vomiting. ECG pulse is 240 per 1 minute, complexes QRS are not nchanged, wave P merges with T. Put the diagnosis.

A.    Acute left heart failure nwith sinus tachycardia

B.    Acute right heart nfailure with sinus tachycardia

C.    Total heart failure with nsinus tachycardia

D.    Ventricular paroxysmal tachycardia

E.     * Supraventricular nparoxysmal tachycardia

192.         nChild 10yrs old with acute carditis complains of discomfort in the nheart, constricting pain in the chest, pain in the epigastric region, ndizziness, vomiting. ECG pulse is 180 per 1 minute, complexes QRS are changed n(ventricular extrasystoles), wave P is absent. Put the diagnosis.

A.    Acute left heart failure nwith sinus tachycardia

B.    Acute right heart nfailure with sinus tachycardia

C.    Total heart failure with nsinus tachycardia

D.    Supraventricular nparoxysmal tachycardia

E.     * Ventricular paroxysmal ntachycardia

193.         nThe 12-year-old boy had a first episode of syncope in 10 years. He was ntreated for “family convulsant syndrome”. He has a history of nventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation from 4 days of age. On ECG nall T-wave are abnormal; T wave in V-4 lead is particularly changed, the final npart of the T wave in V-4 lead is greater in amplitude than the initial part. nPut the diagnosis.

A.    Ventricular paroxysmal ntachycardia

B.    Supraventricular nparoxysmal tachycardia

C.    Congenital sinus ntachycardia

D.    * Congenital elongatioof QT interval

E.     Congenital carditis

194.         nChild 10yrs old with acute carditis complains of discomfort in the nheart, constricting pain in the chest, pain in the epigastric region, ndizziness, vomiting. ECG pulse is 180 per 1 minute, complexes QRS are changed n(ventricular extrasystoles), wave P is absent. What medicines must be nintroduced intravenously first of all?

A.    Novocainamid

B.    * Lidocain

C.    Corglucon

D.    Potassium orotatis

E.     Isoptin

195.         nChild 10yrs old with acute carditis complains of discomfort in the nheart, constricting pain in the chest, pain in the epigastric region, ndizziness, vomiting. ECG pulse is 240 per 1 minute, complexes QRS are not nchanged, wave P merges with T. Syndrome of premature ventricular excitation was ndiagnosed. What medicines must be introduced intravenously first of all?

A.    Novocainamid

B.    Isoptin

C.    Corglucon

D.    Lidocain

E.     * Cordaron

196.         nChild 10 yrs old with acute carditis complains of heart beating, nconstricting pain in the chest, fear, lack of air. ECG: early ventricular nextrasystoles, superimposed on T waves preceding cardiac cycle, frequent nisolated ectopic extrasystoles (more than 5 per min), and group polytopic nextrasystoles. What treatment must be prescribed?

A.    Isoptin

B.    Lidocain

C.    Phenobarbital

D.    * Amiodaron

E.     Electric defibrillation

197.         nChild is 1yr old. Mother complaints of marked anxiety, refusal to eat, npale skin, tachypnea, excessive sweating, cyanosis of nasolabial triangle and nvomiting.the ECG there is the replacement of normal P wave rapid noscillations, tachycardia 160 per min. Put diagnose.

A.    Ventricular nfibrillations

B.    * Atrial fibrillations

C.    Supraventricular nparoxysmal tachycardia

D.    Sinus tachycardia

E.     Ventricular paroxysmal ntachycardia

198.         nChild 10 yrs old with acute carditis complains of discomfort in the nheart, constricting pain in the chest, pain in the epigastric region, ndizziness, vomiting. ECG pulse is 240 per 1 minute, complexes QRS are not nchanged, wave P merges with T. Put the diagnosis. Suddenly loss of nconsciousness, pallor cyanosis, tonic seizures occur, stop respiratory rhythm, nblood pressure is not determined. What complication did occur?

A.    Atrial fibrillations

B.    Left heart failure

C.    Right heart failure

D.    Total heart failure

E.     * Morgagni-Adams-Stokes nsyndrome

199.         nDuring procedure of taking blood in boy for general blood analysis nweakness, dizziness, nausea, vomiting appear. This is accompanied by a ndarkening of the eyes, tinnitus with the following brief loss of consciousness. nThe patient falls to the floor. Skin is pale, his pupils are dilated, react to nlight. Extremities are cold. Breathing is shallow, bradypnea, bradycardia, weak npulse. Heart sounds are muffled. Blood pressure is lowered. Put the diagnosis.

A.    Paralytic collapse

B.    Vagotonic collapse

C.    * Syncope

D.    Post hemorrhagic ncollapse

E.     Sympatotonic collapse

200.         nChild is 6yrs old. On background of severe pneumonia there is marked npallor, cool extremities, rising of systolic blood pressure. Heart sounds are nloud, tense, urine output is decreased. Patient is exiting, reflexes are nincreased, convulsions. Put the diagnosis.

A.    Acute renal failure

B.    Acute heart failure

C.    Vagotonic collapse

D.    Neurotoxicosis

E.     * Sympatotonic collapse

201.         nChild is 6 yrs old. On background of severe pneumonia child became nadinamic, consciousness is darkened, facial features are sharp. Marbling of the nskin, cold, clammy sweat, the empty veins are observed . The first heart tone nis flapping, pulse is thready, blood pressure is decreased, urine output is nsignificantly reduced. To restore vascular tone it is necessary to enter:

A.    Prednisolon

B.    Reopolyglucin

C.    Sodium ascorbinati

D.    All that is mentioned

E.     * Mezaton or adrenalin

202.         nChild 11 yrs old was entered to the hospital with abdominal trauma. nDoctor notes in patient hiccups, vomiting, persistent red dermographism, nsalivation, bradycardia, increased the difference between maximum and minimum nblood pressure. What complication of trauma does occur?

A.    Paralytic collapse

B.    Sympatotonic collapse

C.    Post hemorrhagic ncollapse

D.    Toxic collapse

E.     * Vagotonic collapse

203.         nA 5-year-old patient complains of bloating and rumbling in the abdomen, nincreased outgoing of gases foamy liquid stool of acid odor. Symptoms appear nafter eating of milk products. What is the name of such symptom complex?

A.    Adipose dyspepsia nsyndrome

B.    Dyskinesia syndrome

C.    Decaying dyspepsia nsyndrome

D.    Malabsorbtion syndrome

E.     * Acid dyspepsia syndrome

204.         nA 10 year old girl complains about abdominal pain that is arising and ngetting worse after eating rough or spicy food. She complains also about sour neructation, heartburn, frequent constipations, headache, irritability. She has nbeen suffering from this for 12 months. Objectively: the girl’s diet is nadequate. Tongue is moist with white deposit at the root. Abdomen is soft, npainful in its epigastric part. What study method will help to make a ndiagnosis?

A.    Fractional examinatioof gastric juice

B.    Intragastral pH-metry

C.    Biochemical blood nanalysis

D.    Contrast roentgenoscopy

E.     * nEsophagogastroduodenoscopy

205.         nA 12 year old patient complains about heartburn and dull pain in the nepigastrium that appear 2-3 hours after meal. Exacerbations happen in spring nand in autumn. The patient has food intolerance of eggs and fish. Objectively: nstomach palpation reveals painfulness in the gastroduodenal area. nEsophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed a 5 mm ulcer on the anterior wall of nduodenum. Urease test is positive. What is the most probable leading mechanism nof disease development?

A.    Dietary allergy

B.    Reduced prostaglandisynthesis

C.    Disorder of gastric nmotor activity

D.    Autoantibody production

E.     * Chelicobacterial ninfection

206.         nA 15-year-old patient with “fast food” abnormal diet complains of paiin epigastrium that occurs in 1-1,5 hours after having meal. nFibrogastroduodenoscopy: marked hyperemia, small defects, and easy appearance nof sores on the mucous membrane in the antral section of the stomach. What is nthe most probable reason for this pathology?

A.    Presence of antibodies to nparietal cells

B.    Nervous overstrain

C.    Alimentary factor

D.    Toxic action of alcohol

E.     * Helicobacter pylori ninfection

207.         nA 14-year-old boy periodically complains of pain in the epigastrium oan empty stomach, nausea and heartburn during 3 years. Gastroduodenoscopy: signs nof gastroduodenitis and ulcer defect of the mucous membrane of the duodenum. nWhat is the most effective medication to treat this child?

A.    Almagel

B.    Papaverin

C.    No-spa

D.    Atropin

E.     * De-nol

208.         nA 16-year-old female complains of heartburn and squeezing epigastric pai1 hour after meal. She has been ill for 2 years. On palpation, there is nmoderate tenderness in pyloroduodenal area. Gastroscopy: antral gastritis. What nstudy can prove the etiology of the disease?

A.    Detection  of autoantibodies in the serum

B.    Gastrin level in blood

C.    Examination of stomach nmotor function

D.    Examination of stomach nsecretion

E.     * Revealing of nHelicobacter infection in gastric mucosa

209.         nA 1-year-old child suffers of attack-like cough. The child presents with nthe history of dyspepsia since birth. On physical examination there are signs nof delay in physical development, bronchial obstruction, respiratory ninsufficiency, 1 grade. Blood count: signs of inflammatory process. Sweat nchlorides 120 mEq/L. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A.    Bronchopulmonary ndysplasia

B.    Kartagener’s syndrome

C.    Acute respiratory ninfection, bronchitis

D.    Severe bronchial asthma

E.     * Cystic fibrosis

210.         nA 4-year-old child attends the kindergarten. Complaints of the bad nappetite, fatigue. Objective examination: skin and mucous membrane are pale, nchild is asthenic. In the hemogram: hypochromic anemia 1st, eosinofilia. What nis the most likely diagnosis?

A.    Lymphoprolipherative nprocess

B.    Duodenal ulcer

C.    Hypoplastic anemia

D.    Atrophic gastritis

E.     * Worm invasion

211.         nA patient, aged 15, complains of frequent heart-burns, air and acid neructation, burning, constringent pains behind the breast-bone, along nesophagus, that appear after meals, during  nforward inclination of body. The patient was not examined, takes Almagel nby self-medication, after the intake of which feels better. What is the most nprobable diagnosis?

A.    Cardiospasm

B.    Duodenal ulcer

C.    Functional dyspepsia

D.    Stomach ulcer

E.     *  Gastroesophageal reflux

212.         nA male patient complains of heartburn wich gets stronger while bending nthe body, substernal pain during swallowing. There is a hiatus hernia on X-ray. nWhat disoder should be expected at gastroscopy?

A.    Chronic gastritis

B.    Gastric peptic ulcer

C.    Acute erosive gastritis

D.    Duodenal peptic ulcer

E.     * Gastroesophageal reflux

213.         nA 17 years female complains of dull pain in the right subcostal area and nepigastric area, nausea, appetite decline during 6 months. There is a history nof gastric peptic ulcer. On examination: weight loss, pulse is 70 per min, AP nis 120/70 mm Hg. Diffuse tenderness and resistance of muscles on palpation. nThere is a hard lymphatic node l x l cm in size over the left clavicle. What nmethod of investigation will be the most useful?

A.    Ultrasound examinatioof abdomen

B.    pH-metry

C.    Ureatic test

D.    Stomach X-ray

E.     * nEsophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy

214.         n4-year-old child attends kindergarten. Complaints about poor appetite, nfatigue. Results: skin and mucous membranes are pale, child is malnoirished. Ihemogram: hypochromic anemia 1st degree, eosinophilia. What pathology should be nexcluded in the first place?

A.    Lymphoproliferative nprocess

B.    Duodenal ulcer

C.    Hypoplastic anemia

D.    Atrophic gastritis

E.     * Parasitic invasion

215.         nThe patient of 15 years complains of frequent heartburn, air and sour nburping, burning, constricting pain behind the sternum along the esophagus that noccur after eating, while tilting the body forward. The patient was not nexamined, takes almagel and then feels better. What is the most likely ndiagnosis?

A.    Kardiospazm

B.    Duodenal Ulcer

C.    Functional dyspepsia

D.    Gastric ulcer

E.     * Gastroesophageal reflux ndisease

216.         n17 year old girl complains of dull pain in right hypochondrium and nepigastrium region, nausea, loss of appetite for 6 months. She has the history nof stomach ulcer. In inspection: weight loss, heart rate 70 beats / min, BP n120/70 mm Hg. Diffuse pain and resistance of abdominal muscles during npalpation. Compacted lymph nodes are palpated 1 x 1cm above the left clavicle. nWhich research method would be most helpful?

A.    Ultrasound

B.    pH-metry

C.    Urease test

D.    Radiograph of the nstomach

E.     * EGDS with biopsy

217.         n12-year-old boy for 2 years complains of abdominal pain, which occur at nany time of the day, often at night, sometimes is accompanied by vomiting. nOccult blood test is positive. The father of a boy also has frequent abdominal npain. What is the probable diagnosis?

A.    Meckel diverticulum

B.    Ileus

C.    Parasitic infestation

D.    Appendicitis

E.     * Peptic ulcer disease

218.         n13-year-old boy during a month is complaining of pain in the upper nabdomen. They appears at any time of the day: morning on an empty stomach, at nnight, after 1-1.5 hours after eating. Gregersen test is positive. He is nemotionally labile. Temperature is normal. There is a tendency to constipation. nThe father of a boy also has frequent abdominal pain. What is the probable ndiagnosis?

A.    Meckel diverticulum

B.    Biliary dyskinesia

C.    Ulcerative colitis

D.    Appendicitis

E.     * Peptic ulcer

219.         n16-year-old boy is suffering from duodenal ulcer with increased nsecretion: free HCl in the fasting gastric juice is 28 title units, the basal nproduction is 44 units, stimulate submaximal production is 68 title units. nChoose the best option of treatment tactics in this case.

A.    H2-histamine blockers + nclarythromycin

B.    H2-histamine blockers + nantispasmodic + antacid

C.    H2-histamine blockers + nmetronidazole

D.    H2-histamine blockers + nantacid

E.     * H2-histamine blockers + nDe-nol + solcoseril

220.         n17 years old patient turned to a local doctor complaining heaviness ithe epigastric area immediately after a meal, regurgitation, a tendency to ndiarrhea. She is sick for 3 years. Preliminary diagnosis: chronic atrophic ngastritis with secretory insufficiency. What the X-ray data confirm the ndiagnosis of chronic atrophic gastritis in this patient?

A.    The presence of filling ndefect

B.    The presence of pyloric nstenosis

C.    The local absence of ncontractility

D.    Rapid evacuation of nbarium

E.     * The presence of gross nrigid folds

221.         nPatient A. 14 yrs old is sick for about 2 years. Concerned about hunger npains in pyloroduodenal area, heartburn, sour belching. EGDS found a defect ithe duodenal front wall 0.5 x0.5 cm, covered with fibrin. Antibodies to nHelicobacter pylori in the blood are found. Which drug for Hp eradicatioshould be used?

A.    Gastrocepin

B.    Famotidin

C.    Ranitidine

D.    Almagel

E.     * Amoxicillin

222.         nFemale 12 years old within two years has chronic gastritis. Last 6 nmonths pain in the abdomen at night appears. What is useful to examine the npatient?

A.    Occult blood fecal test

B.    Gastric juice pH-metry

C.    Ultrasonography of the nabdomen

D.    Fractional study of ngastric juice

E.     * EGDS

223.         nA child of 10 years old complains of appetite loss, heartburn, paiaround the navel, which is dull and occurs more often within 2-3 hours after nmeal in the morning – on an empty stomach. The pain decreases after meal. She nis sick for three years. OBJECTIVE: Skin is pale. Abdomen is soft, painful nduring deep palpation in the epigastric and pyloroduodenal area. Mendel’s nsymptom is positive. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A.    Chronic cholecystitis

B.    Crohn’s disease

C.    Peptic ulcer of the nstomach

D.    Mesadenitis

E.     * Chronic ngastroduodenitis

224.         nA child of 11 years is hospitalized for exacerbation of chronic ngastroduodenitis. EGDS diagnosed duodenogastric reflux 2nd degree. Assign a ntreatment for motility correction.

A.    Imodium

B.    Gastrocepin

C.    Almagel

D.    De-nol

E.     * Motilium

225.         nFemale 10 years old has admitted to the hospital with complaints of naching night pain in the epigastrium. Palpation of the abdomen reveals pain ithe epigastric and pyloroduodenal zone. What examination should be held first nof all?

A.    Ultrasound of the nabdominal cavity

B.    Biochemical blood test: nbilirubin, cholesterol, ALT, AST, amylase

C.    Duodenal intubation

D.    Complete blood test

E.     * nEsophagogastroduodenoscopy

226.         n12 years old female put is on a dispensary observation by ngastroenterologist because of duodenal ulcer, biliary dyskinesia. How ofteantirelapse courses should be given?

A.    Every 2 months

B.    Every 3 months

C.    Once a year

D.    Three times a year

E.     * Twice a year

227.         nA patient with stomach bleeding was hospitalized. Endoscopic examinatiorevealed an acute gastric ulcer. In the history: rheumatoid arthritis, npharmacotherapy. Name the drug that caused the development of acute gastric nulcer and bleeding.

A.    Delagyl

B.    Klaritin

C.    Dekaris (levamisole)

D.    Plazmol

E.     * Sodium diclofenac

228.         n10 years old boy has admitted to the clinic with duodenal ulcer relapse, nassociated with helicobacter pylori. Which drug is included into H. pylori neradication scheme?

A.    Ranitidine

B.    Maalox

C.    Famotidin

D.    Gastrocepin

E.     * Amoxicillin

229.         nA boy of 14 was delivered to the clinic with complaints of weakness, ndizziness, nausea, “coffee grounds” vomiting. What is the most nreasonable examination?

A.    Abdominal X-ray

B.    Sigmoidoscopy

C.    Colonoscopy

D.    Ultrasonography of the nabdomen

E.     * nEsophagogastroduodenoscopy

230.         nA 17 years old patient suffers from duodenal ulcer for three years. Ithe first day of the exacerbation period intragastric pH-metry was done before ntreatment. Choose the most probable results.

A.    pH of the stomach body n-2.5, pH in the antrum -5.0

B.    pH of the stomach body n-7.5, pH in the antrum -7.5

C.    pH of the stomach body n-5.0, pH in the antrum -2.5

D.    pH in the stomach body n-5.5, pH in the antrum -7.5

E.     * pH in the stomach body n-1.5, pH in the antrum -1.5

231.         n17 year old patient complains of intensive skin itching, jaundice, bone npain. The skin is hyperpigmentated. There are multiple xanthelasma palpebrae. nThe liver is +6 cm enlarged with acute edge. The blood analysis revealed total nbilirubin 160 mkmol/L, direct — 110 mkmol/L, AST (asparate aminotransferase) — n2,1 mmol/L per hour, ALT-1,8 mmol/L, alkaline phosphotase — 4,6 mmol/L per nhour, cholesterol- 9,2 mmol/L, antimitochondrial antibodies M2 in a high titer. nWhat is the probable diagnosis?

A.    Primary liver cancer

B.    Acute viral hepatitis В

C.    Chronic viral hepatitis В

D.    Alcoholic liver ncirrhosis

E.     * Primary biliary liver ncirrhosis

232.         nA 10 year old girl complained of attacks of right subcostal pain after nfatty meal she has been suffering from for a year. Last week the attacks nrepeated every day and became more painful. What diagnostic study would you nrecommend?

A.    X-ray examination of the ngastrointestinal tract

B.    Ultrasound study of the npancreas

C.    Liver function tests

D.    Blood cell count

E.     * Ultrasound examinatioof the gallbladder

233.         nA 10-year-old boy is ill with autoimmune hepatitis. Blood test: A/G nratio 0,8, bilirubin — 42 mkmol/L, transaminase: ALT — 2,3 mmol/L, AST — 1,8 nmmol/L. What is the most effective means in treatment?

A.    Hepatoprotectors

B.    Antibacterial medication

C.    Hemosorbtion, vitamitherapy

D.    Antiviral medications

E.     * Glucocorticoids, ncytostatics

234.         nA 12-year-old girl complains of dull right subcostal pain, nausea, ndecreased appetite. History: disease started with jaundice in 2 months after nappendectomy. She was treated in an infectious hospital. 1 year later present ncomplaints have developed. Physical examination: subicteric sclerae, enlarged nfirm liver. What is your preliminary diagnosis?

A.    Chronic cholangitis

B.    Acute viral hepatitis

C.    Calculous cholecystitis

D.    Gilbert’s disease

E.     * Chronic viral hepatitis

235.         nA 14 year-old patient was admitted to the gasteroenterology with skiitching, jaundice, discomfort in the right subcostal area, generalized nweakness. On examination: skin is jaundice, traces of scratches, liver is +5 ncm, splin is 6x8cm. In blood: alkaline phosphatase — 2,0 mmol/hour/L, general nbilirubin — 60 mkmol/L, cholesterol — 8,0 mmol/L. What is the leading syndrome nin the patient?

A.    Cytolytic

B.    Asthenic

C.    Mesenchymal inflammatory

D.    Liver-cells ninsufficiency

E.     * Cholestatic

236.         nA 15 year old patient has been suffering from chronic pancreatitis for 5 nyears. During the last 5 years he has been observing abatement of paisyndrome, abdominal swelling, frequent defecations up to 3-4 times a day (feces nare grey, glossy, with admixtures of undigested food), progressing weight loss. nChange of symptom set is caused by joining of:

A.    Syndrome of lactase ndeficiency

B.    Exocrine pancreatic ninsufficiency

C.    Chronic enterocolitis

D.    Endocrine pancreatic ninsufficiency

E.     * Irritable bowels nsyndrome

237.         nA 17-years old patient has sudden acute pain in the right epigastric narea after having fatty food. What method of investigation is to be used on the nfirst stage of examining the patient?

A.    Radionuclide

B.    Magnetic-resonance

C.    Roentgenological

D.    Thermographic

E.     * Ultrasonic

238.         n7 years old child complains of an acute abdominal pain, which arises nafter mental loading, use of cold drinks, ice-cream. The diagnosis: Dyskinesia nof gallbladder, hypertonic type. What drugs should be assigned first of all for ntreatment?

A.    Sedative and ncholikinetics

B.    Choleretics and ncholikinetics

C.    Antioxidants

D.    Antibiotics

E.     * Spasmolitics and ncholeretics

239.         nThe boy of 12 years complains of a periodic short-lived cutting pain ithe right subcostal area, which occurs after the greasy food. For what type of ndyskinesia these complaints are typical?

A.    Hypotonic

B.    Dystonic

C.    Hepatalgic

D.    Asthenic

E.     * Hypertonic

240.         nThe child 12 years old complaints of the skin and mucous membranes njaundice, clay-colored feces and dark color of the urine, weakness. He is ill nfor 2 weeks. Jaundice has appeared on the 10th day of the disease. Three months nago had hemotransfusion because of bleeding. The liver is +3 cm, spleen +1cm. nHepatitis В is suspected. What examination will nrealistically confirm the diagnosis?

A.    The biochemical blood ntest

B.    The urinalysis on bile npigments

C.    Investigation of nAnti-HAV Ig M

D.    Investigation of nAnti-HAV Ig G

E.     * Polymerase ChaiReaction

241.         nThe child, 12 years old, was treated because of the chronic hepatitis. nHe discharges from the hospital on the 24th day in satisfactory condition. What nis the duration of dispensary observation?

A.    6 months

B.    9 months

C.    1 year

D.    3 years

E.     * 5 years

242.         nTo the child of 5 years, who has chronic cholecystocholangitis the nbiochemical blood analysis is performed. Syndrome of cholestasis is detected. nWhat parameters will be increased?

A.    Transaminase

B.    Diastase

C.    Thrombinogen

D.    Thymol test

E.     * Alkaline phosphatase

243.         n14-year-old patient has admitted to the intensive care unit with nhemorrhagic shock due to gastric bleeding. He has been ill hepatitis B for the nlast 5 years. The source of bleeding – veins of the esophagus. What is the most neffective method to control bleeding?

A.    Intravenous pituitrin

B.    Fresh frozen plasma I/V

C.    Operation

D.    Hemostatic therapy

E.     * Introduction of the nobturator through the nasogastric tube

244.         nPatient complains of pain in the epigastric region, in the right nhypochondrium radiating to the right scapula. It was vomiting without relief. nThe body temperature is 37.6°C. The abdomen is moderately distended, tense and npainful in the epigastrium and right hypochondrium. A mild muscle strain of the nabdominal wall in the right hypochondrium is palpated. Ortner’s symptom is npositive. Put a preliminary diagnosis.

A.    Acute appendicitis

B.    Acute pancreatitis

C.    Stomach ulcer npenetration

D.    Acute intestinal nobstruction

E.     * Acute cholecystitis

245.         n7 years old girl is ill during 3 years. Hypotonic type of gallbladder ndyskinesia was diagnosed. Which of the following is inappropriate in the ncomplex therapy?

A.    Physiotherapy of tonic ntype

B.    Cholekinetics

C.    Duodenal intubation

D.    Mineral water of high nsalinity

E.     * Antispasmodic drugs

246.         nA 15 years old girl has gallstone disease. She has chills, increase body ntemperature up to 38° C, jaundice during three days. Symptoms of peritonitis nare negative, the pain is not increased. Blood bilirubin is 45 mmol / l, nleucocytes -18 x 10 9/L. What kind of complications should be considered?

A.    Perforation of the ngallbladder

B.    Subhepatic abscess

C.    Acute cholangitis

D.    Hemolytic jaundice

E.     * Choledocholithiasis

247.         nPatient 14yrs old complained of recurrent pain in the right nhypochondrium, which irradiates to the ight shoulder, periodic jaundice with nfever, metallic taste in the mouth. These complaints appear after vereating. nOBJECTIVE: a patient is being overweight, sclera are yellowish, local ntenderness in the right ypochondrium, Ortner’s, Kera’s symptoms are positive. nIn the blood there is the high level of direct ilirubin. What kind of diseases nyou can think about?

A.    Chronic pancreatitis

B.    Urolithiasis

C.    Gastric ulcer

D.    Hemolytic jaundice

E.     * Cholelithiasis

248.         nPatient 16yrs old is suffering from chronic calculous cholecystitis with nperiodic exacerbations, as a short-term biliary colic. After colic sclera and npalate icteric, darkening of urine color was observed. After the next nexacerbation and examination in the hospital a surgical method of treatment was nrecommended. What of the following methods will be the most reliable way to nexclude choledocholithiasis in this case?

A.    Fibrogastroduodenoscopy

B.    Laparoscopy

C.    Ultrasound of the liver nand biliary tract

D.    Duodenal intubation

E.     * nCholecystocholangiography

249.         nPatient 12yrs old is feeling heaviness in the right hypochondrium and nsometimes nausea or bitterness in his mouth, a tendency to constipation. Aobjective examination revealed no abnormalities. At ultrasound: the liver and nthe pancreas are not changed; gall bladder is enlarged, hypotonic, with nparietal cholestasis. At duodenal intubation: fraction B – 90 ml, the time of nits excretion – 50 minutes with no changes in the bile microscopy. Which ndisease is possible?

A.    Chronic pancreatitis

B.    Giardiasis

C.    Chronic cholecystitis

D.    Chronic hepatitis

E.     * Biliary dyskinesia

250.         nPatient 17yrs old was hospitalized to the surgical department with ncomplaints of nausea, vomiting, pain in the right hypochondrium. She has beeill for the last 3 days, when there were the same complaints. Prior to this, nshe ate greasy and fried dishes. Objectively: the patient’s state is moderate. nAbdomen is soft at palpation, tender in the right hypochondrium. nGrekov-Ortner’s, Kera’s signs are positive. In the blood analysis: leukocytosis n14 x 109/l, with a shift to the left. Put the correct diagnosis.

A.    Acute appendicitis

B.    Acute pancreatitis

C.    Duodenal ulcer

D.    Stomach ulcer

E.     * Acute cholecystitis

251.         nThe patient 10 years old suddenly fell ill about 12 hours ago. There was na pain in the epigastric region, nausea, single vomiting. A few hours later the npain was localized in the right iliac region, where now the positive symptoms nof peritoneum irritation are determined. In the blood analysis: leukocytosis n12.2 x 109/l, with a shift to the left. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A.    Acute pancreatitis

B.    Acute cholecystitis

C.    Perforated ulcer

D.    Right-sided renal colic

E.     * Acute appendicitis

252.         nPatient 15 years old was brought by an ambulance to the pediatric ndepartment with acute pain in the right hypochondrium and vomiting. The doctor non duty has diagnosed acute calculous cholecystitis. Which of the invasive nmethods of radiology screening of the patient should do?

A.    Computed tomography

B.    Radionuclide diagnosis

C.    Thermography

D.    Magnetic resonance nimaging

E.     * Ultrasound

253.         nThe 10 years old boy has chronic viral hepatitis B with maximum nactivity. Which laboratory tests accurately characterizes the degree of ncytolysis in a patient?

A.    Prothrombin

B.    Veltman’s test

C.    Takata-Ara’s test

D.    Total protein

E.     * Transaminases

254.         nIn patient 11yrsold, that for a long time has been suffering from the nliver cirrhosis, has recently appeared complaints of moderate pain in the nepigastric region, constant flatulence, which intensifies after meals. nOBJECTIVE: Symptoms of free fluid in the abdomen, enlarged liver and spleen. At nultrasonography: extended portal vein, enlarged liver and spleen. What kind of ncirrhosis complications has this patient?

A.    Bleeding from esophageal nvarices

B.    Intestinal ndysbacteriosis

C.    Peritonitis

D.    Hepatocellular failure

E.     * Portal hypertension

255.         nIn a patient with chronic hepatitis B jaundice was growing, increased nweakness and fatigue, he became drowsy during the day. The liver is uniformly ndecreased. Diuresis is normal. Name the further tactics of the patient’s ntreatment.

A.    Appointment of ncholeretic and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

B.    Appointment of trental nand heparin

C.    Laferon appointment

D.    Appointment of legaloand essentiale

E.     * Appointment of nprednisolone and increased detoxification

256.         nPatient 17yrs old, student, came to the clinic of the University. The nlast 4 days has being complained of general weakness, fatigue and impaired nappetite. Skin and sclera are yellowish, brick-colored urine. In the blood nanalysis: hyperbilirubinemia (35 mcmol/L) with the predominance of direct nbilirubin; ALT – 2.1; AST – 1.9. What is the reason of jaundice?

A.    Malaria, hemolytic nanemia

B.    Cholelithiasis, nobstructive jaundice

C.    Macronodular cirrhosis

D.    Hemolytic anemia

E.     * Viral hepatitis

257.         nA 8 years old boy was ill with hepatitis B a year ago. In the past two nmonths, he is complaining about fatigue, sleep disturbance, appetite loss, nnausea, especially in the morning. Skin is without jaundice, liver and spleewere palpable 1cm below the costal edge, not painful. ALT is 2,2 mmol/L. This nsituation can be regarded as:

A.    Recurrence of hepatitis nB

B.    Dyskinesia of bile ducts

C.    Residual phenomena of nacute hepatitis

D.    The development of ncirrhosis

E.     * Development of chronic nhepatitis B

258.         n15 years old patient was hospitalized with straining pain in the left nhypochondrium, which irradiates to the back. He notes nausea, decreased nappetite, weight loss, vomiting without relief, diarrhea. He has been ill for nover 5 years. Exacerbation has developed because of errors in the diet. nOBJECTIVE: t ° = 37,0°C, pulse rate 94 per minute, BP 125/75 mm Hg. Skin is npale, pain in the epigastrium, right and left hypochondrium. In the blood: nleuk. 10.4 x 109/l, ESR 22 mm/hour. The worsening of what disease is the most nlikely in this case?

A.    Stomach ulcer

B.    Chronic gastritis

C.    Chronic cholecystitis

D.    Chronic enterocolitis

E.     * Chronic pancreatitis

259.         nBoy 12 years old was entered to the intensive care unit in extreme nsevere condition. At the inspection: absent conscious, skin and sclera are nyellow. Liver is enlarged, splenomegaly and ascites. There are respiratory narrythmia, tachycardia, pulse 120 per min, AP 90/40 mm Hg, hemorrhagic nsyndrome, erythema of palms. Laboratory results: metabolic acidosis, pH 4.2, nAST 1.8 mmol/L, ALT 2.1 mmol/L, bilirubin 334.2 mcmol/L, blood serum sodium 90 nmmol/L, potassium blood serum 5.9 mmol/L. The worsening of condition is due to?

A.    CVF III st

B.    Violation of cerebral ncirculation

C.    Thyreotoxic crisis

D.    Acute renal failure

E.     * Hepatic coma

260.         nThe child 7 months has unmotivated vomiting and fever, physical ndevelopment retardation, severe progressive rickets changes in the bones. The nmother considers that the child is sick from the first months of life. The nexamination revealed  hypercalciuria and nhypokaliemia. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A.    Phosphate diabetes

B.    Disease de nToni-Debre-Fanconi

C.    Renal tubular acidosis ntype II

D.    Vitamin D-resistant nrickets

E.     * Renal tubular acidosis ntype I

261.         nIn the boy 6 years old microhematuria was accidentally revealed. nObjectively: stigmas dyzembriogenesis (hypertelorism, epicant, abnormal ear nauricles, gothic palate). According resulys of audiogram there is detectable nhearing loss. In the analysis of urine: protein 0.099g/L, 4-3 leukocytes ivision field, alkiline erythrocytes 20-22 in vision field. What disease can be nsuspected?

A.    Chronic nglomerulonephritis

B.    Dysmetabolitic nnephropathy

C.    Chronic pyelonephritis

D.    Renal tubular acidosis

E.     * Hereditary nephritis

262.         nIn children 1.5 years there were found O-distortion legs, muscular nhypotonia. There is physical and mental retardation. Blood: hypophosphatemia, nincreasing the level of alkaline phosphatase. In urine: hyperphosphaturia. What nis the most probable disease?

A.    Disease de nToni-Debre-Fanconi

B.    Hereditary nephritis

C.    Renal tubular acidosis ntype I

D.    Renal tubular acidosis ntype II

E.     * Phosphate-diabetes

263.         nIn the girl 2 years there is severe distortion of the feet, which nappeared in 1yr old. During examination: height 70cm, weight 12kg, strong body nstructure, O-foot deformity. On the radiograph of bones of lower extremities: ndiaphysis with extensive thickening of cortical layer. Phosphate- diabetes was ndiagnosed. What laboratory changes will help to confirm the diagnosis?

A.    Hyperphosphatemia, nhypoproteinemia, hyperoxaluria

B.    Hypoproteinemia, hematuria, nsignificance proteinuria

C.    Cylindruria, nhyperphosphaturia, leukocyturia

D.    Hypocalcemia, nsignificance proteinuria and reduced alkaline phosphatase

E.     * Hypophosphatemia, nhyperphosphaturia, increased alkaline phosphatase

264.         nChild 1yr old has unmotivated fever, frequent vomiting, physical ndevelopment retardation, rickets changes of bones. In laboratory studies: nalkaline reaction of urine, lack of alkalis in the blood. What disease is most nlikely a child?

A.    Renal tubular acidosis I ntype

B.    The hereditary nephritis n

C.    Phosphate-diabetes

D.    Disease de nToni-Debre-Fanconi

E.     * Renal tubular acidosis nII type

265.         nPatient is 3 years old. Incidentally during prophylaxis observatiochanges in urine were found: protein – 0,75g/l, leucocytes – 4-6 in visiofield, erythrocytes – 10-12 in vision field. A child was born from full-term npregnancy (the previous two ended in miscarriage). In the hospital the ndiagnosis of hereditary nephritis was put. What drugs should be prescribed?

A.    Vitamin D

B.    Prednisolone

C.    Heparin

D.    Cytostatics

E.     * Activators metabolism n(vitamins, cocarboxilazae, ATP)

266.         nPatient is 1.5yrs old. Mother complains of the presence of a child’s nfever, frequent urination and thirst. Objectively: malnutrition, pale skin and nmucous membranes, bone deformations. A child does not walk and has mental retardation. nAbdomen is soft, the liver is at 3cm lower the costal arch. Blood glucose is n5.4 mmol/L, blood in urine is 1.5%. What disease is the most probable in the nchild?

A.    Phosphate-diabetes

B.    Diabetes mellitus

C.    Renal tubular acidosis ntype I

D.    Renal tubular acidosis ntype II

E.     * Disease de nToni-Debre-Fanconi

267.         nIn child 4 years old, who is being treated at orthopedic department with nthe expressed O-strain feet, phosphate- diabetes is diagnosed. High doses of nvitamin D were appointed. Which test is necessary to control the adequacy of ntherapy?

A.    Zymnitski test

B.    Urinalysis

C.    Determination of urea nand creatinine in blood

D.    Clearance of endogenous ncreatinine

E.     * Sulkovich test

268.         nA child with disease de Toni-Debre-Fanconi has marked bone deformations, nperiodic pyrexia, polyuria, polydipsia, physical and mental retardation. What nkind of diet should be recommended?

A.    Restricted protein and nsalt

B.    Fruit – sugar

C.    Milk and vegetable

D.    Hypoallergic

E.     * Potato – Cabbage

269.         nMother of the child 3 years old comes to the doctor. She complains of nchild deafness. It is known that in the family was a case of deafness in the nboy, who died at age 13yrs old from kidney disease. Objectively congenital ndyzmorphias were revealed. What observation is necessary to conduct to confirm nAlport syndrome?

A.    Excretory urography

B.    Urinalysis by Zymnitski

C.    Determination of blood nlevels of phosphorus and calcium

D.    Sulkovich test

E.     * General analysis of nurine

270.         nA child 5 years old has growth retardation, rickets changes in bones, nintermittent polyuria and dehydration. Ultrasound examination revealed the npresence of calculus in the kidneys. In urinalysis: urine alkaline, protein – n0.033g/L, leucocytes – 15-17 in vision field, calcium oxalate in large nquantities. What is the disease most likely in a child?

A.    Phosphate-diabetes

B.    The hereditary nephritis

C.    Renal tubular acidosis ntype II

D.    Disease de nToni-Debre-Fanconi

E.     * Renal tubular acidosis ntype I

271.         nA child 5 years old with renal tubular acidosis type I has growth nretardation, rickets changes in bones, intermittent polyuria and dehydration. nUltrasound examination revealed the presence of calculus in the kidneys. The nfirst goal of therapy is to:

A.    Normalise calcium level nin blood

B.    Normalise potassium nlevel in blood

C.    Normalise endocrine nbalance

D.    All transferred

E.     * Neutralize acid in the nblood

272.         nA child 4 yrs old has complains of periodic acute pain in back and nabdomen. During 1 year he had 3 attack of pyelonephritis despite of proper ntreatment, enuresis. Objectively on the left side of abdomen there is palpable nabdominal tumor formation. Examination reveals hematuria and urolithiasis. What ndiagnosis is suspected?

A.    Tubulopathy

B.    Cystoureter reflux

C.    Hereditary nephritis

D.    Polycystic kidney

E.     * Megaureter

273.         n4 yrs old child with periodic acute pain in back and abdomen, attacks of npyelonephritis despite of proper treatment, enuresis megaureter is suspected. nExamination reveals hematuria and urolithiasis. What examination is needed to nconfirm the diagnosis?

A.    Voiding cystouretrogram

B.    Three glass test

C.    Cystoscopy

D.    All transferred

E.     * USD

274.         nA 9-year-old girl is seriously ill. The illness was manifested by high nfever, chills, sweating, aching pain in lumbar area, a discomfort in urinatioand frequent urination. Pasternatsky’s sigh is positive in both sides. Olaboratory examination, WBC is 20.000/mcL; on urinalysis protein is 0.6g/L, nleukocyturia, bacteriuria. Your preliminary diagnosis is:

A.    Exacerbation of nchronic  pyelonephritis

B.    Acute glomerulonephritis

C.    Acute cystitis

D.    Nephrolithiasis

E.     * Acute pyelonephritis

275.         nA 9-year-old girl is seriously ill. The illness was manifested by high nfever, chills, sweating, aching pain in lumbar area, a discomfort in urinatioand frequent urination. Pasternatsky’s sigh is positive in both sides. A paisyndrome at pyelonephritis is characterized by the following, exept:

A.    Sense of tension ilower back

B.    Pain increases wheposition is changed

C.    Pain diminishes at nwarming of lower back

D.    Pain presents at npattering of lower back

E.     * Acute paroxysmal paiin lower back

276.         nA 12-year-old girl is seriously ill. The illness was manifested by high nfever, chills, sweating, aching pain in lumbar area, a discomfort in urinatioand frequent urination. Pasternatsky’s sigh is positive in both sides. She has nchronic pyelonephritis.  Biochemical nblood test was done. What changes can be in it?

A.    Increase of glucose nlevel

B.    Increase of bilirubin

C.    Decrease of alfa-amylase

D.    Increase of alkaline nphosphatase

E.     * Increase of kreatinine

277.         nAt sick boy 10 years old urine was taken for analysis. Hyaline casts nwere found in urine. What are hyaline casts?

A.    Acide, that had changed nthe consistency in sour urine

B.    Accumulation of bacteria

C.    Pressed thrombocytes

D.    Salt corks

E.     * Albuminous molds of nkidney tubuli

278.         nAt sick girl 7 years old impairment of urine filtration was found. The nillness was manifested by high fever, sweating, aching pain in lumbar area, a ndiscomfort in urination and frequent urination. What department of nephrone nfiltration of urine is performed in?

A.    Proximal ductule

B.    Interstitium of kidney

C.    Glomerulus

D.    Distal ductule

E.     * Henle loop

279.         nSick girl 7 years old has pyelonephritis. The illness is manifested by nhigh fever, sweating, aching pain in lumbar area, a discomfort in urination and nfrequent urination. What laboratory sign is most characteristic for this npathology?

A.    Casturia

B.    Considerable proteinuria

C.    Uraturia

D.    Oxalaturia

E.     * Active leucocytes iurine

280.         nA 14-year-old girl is seriously ill. She has acute pyelonephritis. nDoctor recommends a zigzag diet. What does this diet mean?

A.    Alternation of salt free nand sugar free days

B.    Alternation of proteifree and fat free products

C.    Alternation of diet № 5 nand diet № 15

D.    Alternation of nstarvation and valuable feed

E.     * Alternation of acid and nalcaline products

281.         nSick girl 7 years old has pyelonephritis. The illness is manifested by nhigh fever, sweating, aching pain in lumbar area, a discomfort in urination and nfrequent urination. Doctor prescribed antibiotic. Choice of antibacterial npreparations for pyelonephritis treatment is determined by:

A.    Age of the child

B.    Severity of illness

C.    Duration of the disease

D.    All transferred

E.     * Sensitiveness of bacteria ncultured from urine

282.         nDuring palpation of kidneys the following was revealed: it is possible nto palpate  the kidney, it is easly ndisplaceble, but does not move to the opposite side of the body. Which degree nof nephroptosis is present?

A.    I

B.    III

C.    IV

D.    Total nephroptosis

E.     * II

283.         nDuring investigation of patient’s urine the following findings were nrevealed: 5-6 leucocytes are found in 1 visual field, single fresh red ncorpuscles in 1 visual field. What investigation must be appointed to this npatient for diagnosis clarification?

A.    Complete blood count

B.    ECG

C.    Zimnitskiy’s test

D.    Determination of daily nproteinuria

E.     * Nechiporenko’s test

284.         nA 14-year-old girl is seriously ill. She has chronic pyelonephritis. nExcretory urography is prescribed. This investigation does not allow discover:

A.    Position, sizes, form of nkidneys

B.    Functional state of nnephrons

C.    Functional state of nurinary tract

D.    State of urinary bladder

E.     * Anomaly of kidney nvessels

285.         nA 14-year-old girl is seriously ill. She has chronic pyelonephritis with nfrequent exacerbations. Excretory urography is prescribed to estimate:

A.    Anatomic state of nurinary ways and urine dynamics

B.    State of the kidney’s npelvis system

C.    Functional ability of nurinary ways

D.    Sizes of kidneys

E.     * Everything is correct

286.         nA patient 8 years old had attack-like pains in lumbar area, which nirradiate downward. Pain syndrome was severe with dysuric sighs. What disease nis the most probable?

A.    Acute glomerulonephritis

B.    Hypernephroma

C.    Chronic nglomerulonephritis

D.    Dysmetabolic nephropathy

E.     * Urolithiasis

287.         nSick girl 7 years old has pyelonephritis. The illness is manifested by nsweating, aching pain in lumbar area, a discomfort in urination and frequent nurination. What is not typical for acute pyelonephritis?

A.    Beginning of illness oa background of an acute bacterial infection

B.    Dysuria

C.    Pain in the lower back

D.    Nausea, vomiting

E.     * Normal body temperature

288.         nSick girl 12 years old has chronic pyelonephritis for 6 yrs. During nexacerbation biochemical blood test is conducted. What change will confirm the nrenal failure first of all?

A.    Increase of glucose iblood

B.    Increase of bilirubin

C.    Increase of creatinine

D.    Increase of alkaline nphosphatase

E.     * Increase of nitrogen

289.         nPatient 15 years old is troubled with appearance of sediment in his nurine which makes the urine cloudy but disappear in an hour. Appearance of what nsubstance in urine can you suspect?

A.    Protein

B.    Bilious pigments

C.    Glucose

D.    Urinary acid

E.     * Salts

290.         nPatient 15 years old is troubled with appearance of sediment in his nurine which makes the urine cloudy and don’t disappear in an hour. Appearance nof what substance in urine can you suspect?

A.    Salts

B.    Bilious pigments

C.    Glucose

D.    Urinary acid

E.     * Protein

291.         nPatient 8 years old is ill with chronic pyelonephritis for 5 years. nDuring exacerbation biochemical blood test is conducted. What changes ibiochemical blood test will prove kidney insufficiency?

A.    Albuminemia

B.    Dysproteinemia

C.    ?-lipoproteinaemia

D.    Hyperbillirubinemia

E.     * Creatininemia

292.         nPatient has renal failure. By physical examination it was revealed nswelling of subcutaneous tissue of the whole body. Accumulation of liquid isubcutaneous fat tissue on the whole body is called:

A.    Ascites

B.    Hives

C.    Edema

D.    Renal failure

E.     * Anasarca

293.         nPatient 8 years old complains of attack-like pains in lumbar area, which nirradiate downwards. What does can this symptom testify about?

A.    Acute glomerulonephritis

B.    Hypernephroma

C.    Urethritis

D.    Cystitis

E.     * Urolithiasis

294.         nPatient 7 years old entered clinic with complaints of edema under eyes, nincrease of body temperature up  to 37.8°С, discoloration of urination. 2 weeks ago he had ntonsillitis. What test must be done first of all?

A.    Estimation of ASL-O

B.    Ultrasound of abdomen

C.    Bacteriologic study of npharynx smash

D.    All transferred

E.     * General analysis of nurine

295.         nAt sick boy 10 years old with pyelonephritis urine was taken for nanalysis. The analysis of urine in this case is not characterized by:

A.    Neutrophils leukocyturia

B.    Plenty of cellular nepithelium

C.    Sometimes plenty of nsalts

D.    The specific gravity of nurine is normal

E.     * Proteinuria more than 1 ng/l

296.         nThe child of 10 years is ill during one week. The disease appears after ncooling. Her disease symptoms are: pain in abdomen, back, body temperature 38°С. In urine analysis: leucocytes – 25-30 in the visual nfield, protein – 0.33 g/l. Diagnose is acute pyelonephritis. What investigatiois it necessary to do before prescribing the etiotropic treatment?

A.    Cystographya

B.    Urogrphya

C.    Zimnitskiy test

D.    Nechiporenko test

E.     * Bacteriological test of nurine

297.         nThe child of 10 years complains of high temperature, pain in abdomen, nand pain during urination. In urinalysis: protein – 0.33 g/l, leucocytes – iall visual field, erythrocytes 5-10 in visual field. What investigation is it nnecessary to do to know the level of urinary system damaging?

A.    To take urine by ncatheter

B.    Bacteriological test of nurine

C.    Ultrasound investigation

D.    Zimnitskiy test

E.     * Urographya

298.         nThe child of 5 years is ill for 2 days. He complains of: often paiduring urination, urine incontinence. Temperature is normal, abdomen is painful nin hypogastrium. What dates are typical to diagnose urinary tract infection?

A.    Proteinuria

B.    Leucocyturia

C.    Erythrocyturia

D.    Hypostenuria

E.     * Bacteriuria 105 and nmore

299.         nThe child of 9 years become ill acutely: temperature is 39oС, pain in lower back, and pain during urination. nPasternatskiy symptom is positive bylaterally, more in the left. What disease nhas this child?

A.    Acute viral infection

B.    Acute cystitis

C.    Acute glomerulonephritis

D.    Kidney colic

E.     * Acute pyelonephritis

300.         nThe girl of 3 years has high temperature, pain in abdomen the third time nduring last year. In urinalysis: leucocytes – 70-80 in visual field, nerythrocytes 1-2 in visual field.  What ninvestigation will prove the genesis of leucocyturia?

A.    Urography

B.    Nechiporenko test

C.    Endogenous creatynine nclearance

D.    Zimnitskiy test

E.     * 3 glasses test

301.         nThe girl of 6 years complains of temperature 39°С, vomiting, pain in abdomen, disuria. In urinalysis: nprotein – 0.58 g/l, leucocytes – in all visual field, erythrocytes 4-5 ivisual field. Blood test: ESR – 30 mm/hour. Diagnose is acute pyelonephritis. nWhat investigation will prove the diagnosis?

A.    Zimnitskiy test

B.    Nechiporenko test

C.    Blood urea

D.    Endogenous creatynine nclearance

E.     * Bacteriological test of nurine

302.         nThe girl of 10 years complains of the pain in lower back during 4 days. nShe has also the increased temperature, decrease of appetite, and the paiduring urination. One week ago was ill (acute viral infection). What ninvestigation is it necessary to make first of all?

A.    General analysis of nblood

B.    Urogrphy

C.    Ultrasound investigation

D.    Zimnitski test

E.     * General analysis of nurine

303.         nMother of a girl 7 years old complained of recurrent abdominal pain and nskin rash, increased sweating, decrease in urine output and concentrated ncharacter. Nocturia is noted. AP is 90/60mm Hg. General urine analysis: the nrelative gravity of urine – 1028, protein – 0,04g/l, Leuc. – 9-10 in v/f, nEryth. – changed 6-8 in v/f, casts – not detected, salts – oxalates large nnumber. Set a preliminary diagnosis.

A.    Acute glomerulonephritis nwith nephritic syndrome

B.    Urinary infection

C.    Tubulopathy

D.    Acute renal failure

E.     * Dysmetabolic nnephropathy

304.         nPatient 14yrs old complained of intense pain in the right lumbar region, nchills, accompanied by fever up to 39°C. The abdomen is soft, painful in the nright area. Palpation of right kidney is painful. In the blood: leukocytes 30.0 nx109/L, ESR – 50 mm/hour. In urine an.: acid reaction, leukocytes in the entire nfield of vision. According to the US – the left kidney is normal, the contours nof the right kidney are increased. What disease is the most probable in this ncase?

A.    Right paranephritis

B.    Tuberculosis of the nright kidney

C.    Swelling of the right nkidney

D.    Polycystic kidney ndegeneration

E.     * Acute right-sided npyelonephritis

305.         nThe girl 4 years old is suffering from natopic dermatitis, occasionally abdominal pain disturbed. Palpation: abdomen is nsoft and painless. Liver is 2 cm below the costal arch. Stools and urine are nnormal. Urinalysis – muddy, urine pH 7.0, protein 0.05g/L, white blood cells – n6-8 in v/f, salts – oxalates increased amount. Daily proteinuria is 0,03g. Put npreliminary diagnosis.

A.    Allergic nephropathy

B.    Pyelonephritis

C.    Glomerulonephritis

D.    Hemorrhagic cystitis

E.     * Dysmetabolic nnephropathy

306.         nA child 13 years old complains of pain in the suprapubic region, nfrequent urination in small quantities of urine. Fever is 37.7°C. In the nanalysis of urine: proteinuria 0.03g/L, fresh erythrocytesin all vision field, nsalt-oxalate in small amount. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A.    Dysmetabolic nephropathy

B.    Acute glomerulonephritis

C.    Acute pyelonephritis

D.    Urolithiasis

E.     * Acute cystitis

307.         nBoy aged 1 month was hospitalized. Prenatally left-sided pyeloectasis was ndiagnosed. Intravenous urography, cystography and ultrasound revealed nhydronephrosis in child an early stage. Data about secondary pyelonephritis are nabsent. What tactics is appropriate in this patient?

A.    Observation for 6 months

B.    Observation during the year

C.    Antibacterial therapy

D.    No need for supervisioand treatment

E.     * Surgery

308.         nIn the patient 13 years old with normal body mass on clinical nexamination of the urine calcium salts of phosphoric acid were revealed. His ndiet consists of rye and wheat bread, pasta, butter, boiled meat, fried fish, nmashed potatoes, milk, cheese, coffee, tea, broth rose, currant jelly. Energy nin diet corresponds to power consumption. What is necessary to eliminate from nthe diet?

A.    Milk and cheese

B.    Pasta and bread

C.    Broth hips and jelly

D.    Meat and fish

E.     * Coffee and Tea

309.         nIn child 3 years with periodic abdominal pain and pyuria ultrasound nrevealed an enlarged kidney and rounded shape of the cavities, which are nconnected with an pelvis. Right kidney is not altered. What diagnosis is ncorrect?

A.    Multicystosis

B.    Hydronephrosis

C.    Echinococcusis

D.    Kidney stone

E.     * Polycystic kidney

310.         nFor a boy 7 years in 2 weeks after the carried tonsillitis edema nappeared on face, lower extremities. The state is heavy, predefined by nintoxication syndrome. Blood pressure – 140/80. Urine has brown color. General nanalysis of urine: specific gravity -1015, protein – 1,2 g/l, red corpuscles ncover all field of view, cylinders 1 – 2 in field of view. Protein in day’s nurine – 0,78 gr. What most reliable diagnosis?

A.    Acute glomerulonephritis nwith nefrotic syndrome

B.    Nephrolithiasis

C.    Acute glomerulonephritis nwith nefrotic syndrome, hematuria and arterial hypertension

D.    Acute glomerulonephritis nwith isolated urine syndrome

E.     * Acute nglomerulonephritis with nephritic syndrome

311.         nThe boy of 3 has an edema syndrome like as anasarca. Blood pressure – n95/60. In the general analysis of urine: protein – 6,3 g\l, leucocytes 2-3 ifield of view, red corpuscles 1-2 in field of view, cylinders – 2-3 in field of nview. General protein of blood – 44,2 g\l, albumen – 38,1%, cholesterol of nblood – 8,6 mmol\l. What clinical variant of acute glomerulonephritis does take nplace probably?

A.    Acute glomerulonephritis nwith nephritic syndrome

B.    Acute glomerulonephritis nwith isolated urine syndrome

C.    Acute glomerulonephritis nwith nefrotic syndrome, hematuria and arterial hypertension

D.    Acute glomerulonephritis nwith hematuria

E.     * Acute nglomerulonephritis with nefrotic syndrome

312.         nThe girl of 8 years has complaints to pain in back during 4 days. She nhas also the increase temperature, decrease of appetite, and the pain during nurination. One week ago was acute viral infection. What investigation it is nnecessary to make first of all?

A.    General analysis of nblood

B.    Urogrphia

C.    Ultrasound investigation

D.    Zimnitskiy test

E.     * General analysis of nurine

313.         nThe child of 10 years is ill during one week. The disease appears after ncooling. The symptoms: pain in abdomen, back, temperature 38оС. In analysis of urine: leucocytes – 25-30 in field of nview, protein – 0,33 g/l. Diagnose – acute pielonephritis. What investigatioit is necessary to prescribe for making of etiotropic treatment?

A.    Cistographia

B.    Urogrphia

C.    Zimnitskiy test

D.    Nechiporenko test

E.     * Bacteriological test of nurine

314.         nThe child of 8 years ill acute: temperature 39С, pain in back, and the pain during urination, symptom nof Pasternatskiy positive from both sides, more in left. What disease is npresent?

A.    Acute viral infection.

B.    Acute cystitis

C.    Acute glomerulonephritis

D.    Kidney colic

E.     * Acute pielonephritis

315.         nThe child of 10 years. The complaints increase of temperature, pain iabdomen, and pain during urination. In analysis of urine: protein – 0,33 g/l, nleucocytes – in all field of view, erythrocytes 5-10 in field of view. What ninvestigation it is necessary to prescribe to know the level of damaging of nurinary system?

A.    To take urine by ncatheter

B.    Bacteriological test of nurine

C.    Ultrasound investigatio

D.    Zimnitskiy test

E.     * Urographia

316.         nThe child of 5 years. The 2-day of disease. The complaints: often paiduring urination, incontinence. Temperature normal, pain in abdomen in lower npart. What dates is typical to diagnose: infection of urinary ways?

A.    Proteinuria

B.    Leucocyturia

C.    Erytrocyturia

D.    Hypostenuria

E.     * Bacteruria 10^5 or more

317.         nThe girl of 6 years has temperature 39оС, vomiting, pain in abdomen, troubled urine. Ianalysis of urine: protein – 0,58 g/l, leucocytes – in all field of view, nerythrocytes 4-5 in field of view. Analysis of: ESR – 30 mm/hour. Diagnose – nacute pielonephritis. What investigation it is necessary to make to prove the ndiagnose.

A.    Zimnitskiy test

B.    Nechiporenko test

C.    Urine of blood

D.    Endogenic creatiniclirens

E.     * Bacteriological test of nurine

318.         nThe girl 3 years the third time during the last year has the complaints nto the high temperature, pain in abdomen. In analysis of urine: leucocytes – n70-80 in field of view, erythrocytes 1-2 in field of view.  What investigation it is necessary to make to nknow the genesis of leucocyturia?

A.    Urogrphia

B.    Nechiporenko test

C.    Uria of blood and ncreatinin

D.    Zimnitskiy test

E.     * Cistographia

319.         nAcute glomerulonephritis is diagnosed. What from the resulted ninvestigations is informing for kidneys function estimation?

A.    General analysis of nurine

B.    Protein estimation iday’s urine

C.    Nechiporenko test

D.    Estimation of daily ndiuresis

E.     * Zimnitskiy test

320.         nWhat from the resulted symptoms is the criterion of acute nglomerulonephritis, nephritic variant?

A.    Leucocyturia

B.    Bacteruria

C.    Anasarca

D.    Proteinuria more than 3 ngr per day

E.     * Hematuria

321.         nA 10 years old boy has acute glomerulonephritis during a mouth. He has nedema. In urine: protein – 2,5 g/l, in the biochemical blood test: total nprotein – 48 g/l, cholesterol- 9,8 mmol l. What from this medicine must be nappointed to the child in the complex of pathogenetical therapy?

A.    Delagyl

B.    Plaquenyl

C.    Heparin

D.    Curantil

E.     * Prednisolon

322.         nDark color of urine is observed at a 9 years boy, that 3 weeks ago had nan tonsillitis, arterial blood presser 100 50, in the complete analysis of nurine: protein is 0,98 g l, leucocytes 3-2 in field of view, erythrocytes o1/3 in field of view, hyaline casts 1-2 in field of view. What variant of acute nglomerulonephritis is more reliable in the child?

A.    Nefrotic

B.    Nephritic

C.    Nefrotic syndrome, nhematuria and arterial hypertension

D.    Subacute malignant nglomerulonephritis

E.     * Isolated urine syndrome

323.         nThe 7 years boy with edema, headache, red urine, blood pressure 130/90. nThe 10 day before were pain in throat, hypothermia. In general analysis of nurine: protein-2,5 g/l, leuc. – 2-3, erythr. On all field of view, casts ngialine 2-3. What can lead to such changes?

A.    Enteroviruses

B.    Respiratory viruses

C.    Staphylococci

D.    Coli

E.     * Streptococci

324.         nThe girl of 10 years. One month before was tonsillitis. Last 2 weeks is nobserved general malaise, painless of skin; urine specific gravity – 1018, nprotein 0.91 g/l, leukocytes in urine –2-3, erythr. – 1/2 of field of view. nBlood pressure – 140/90. What drug is necessary to give:

A.    Prednisolone

B.    Chlorbutin

C.    Plaquenil

D.    Methothrexate

E.     * Indometacin

325.         nA 7 yrs old child had elevation of temperature t° to 40°C in anamnesis. nFor the last 3 months he presents fusiform swelling of fingers, ankle joints nand knee joints, pain in the upper part of the sternum and cervical part of the nspinal column. What is the most probable diagnosis?

A.    Septic arthritis

B.    Toxic synovitis

C.    Rheumatism

D.    Osteoarthritis

E.     * Juvenile rheumatoid narthritis

326.         nA 14 year old female fell ill 3 months ago after cold exposure. She ncomplained of pain in her hand and knee joints, morning stiffness and fever up nto 38oC. Interphalangeal, metacarpophalangeal and knee joints are swollen, hot, nwith reduced ranges of motions; ESR of 45 mm/h, CRP (+++), RF (+). What group nof medicines would you recommend to the patient?

A.    Sulfonamides

B.    Tetracyclines

C.    Fluorchinolones

D.    Cephalosporines

E.     * Nonsteroid nanti-inflammatory drugs

327.         nA 4 years old girl was hospitalized with complaints of pain and swelling nin the right knee and an ankle joints, morning stiffness, rapid fatigue, nsubfebrile temperature. She is ill for 4 months. Beginning of illness she nconnects with ARI. The disease began with a knee violation. She received naspirin, but the effect was absent. After 3 months the process has spread to nthe radiocarpal joint. Put a preliminary diagnosis.

A.    Rheumatic fever

B.    Infectious-allergic narthritis

C.    Systemic lupus nerythematosis

D.    Systemic scleroderma

E.     * Rheumatoid arthritis

328.         nGirl is 8 years old. Complaints: the general malaise, periodic narthralgia, tingling sensation in fingers, spotty rash on her face. She is ill nduring the year. Beginning of illness mother connects with the rest in the nsummer in the south. Objectively: integuments and visible mucous membranes are npale, on the face, neck, palms there is expressed capillaritis, weakness of nmuscles. Joints are not changed. Cardiac tones are rhythmic, weakened, delicate ndyastolic murmur on the apex, HR is 100 per min.Your previous diagnosis is:

A.     Systemic lupus erythematosis

B.     Nodular peryartheriitis

C.     Atopic dermatitis

D.     Rheumatic fever

E.     * Raynaud’s Syndrome

329.         nA 6 years old girl with eye problems was consulted by ophthalmologist. nDiagnosis of uveitis was established. There are complaints of pain and swelling nin the right knee and a ankle joints, rapid fatigue, subfebrile temperature. nShe is ill for 4 months. Affection of the eyes is special for:

A.    Infectious arthritis

B.    Acute rheumatic lever

C.    Overuse syndrome

D.    Osteomyelitis

E.     * Juvenile rheumathoid narthritis

330.         n3 yrs old girl has fever, rash, arthritis and signs of inflammation of ninternal organs. Systemic form of the juvenile rheumatoid arthritis was nsuspected. It is characterized with:

A.    Chronic pain and nswelling of many joints in a symmetric fashion

B.    Chronic asymmetric narthritis of large joints

C.    Purpuric skin rash

D.    Hemarthrosis

E.     * Evanescent salmon-pink nmacular rash

331.         nA 8 years old girl was hospitalized with complaints of pain and swelling nin the left knee and left ankle joints, morning stiffness, rapid fatigue, nsubfebrile temperature. She is ill for 4 months. Beginning of illness she nconnects with ARI. Pauciarticular form of the juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is ncharacterized by:

A.    Hepatosplenomegaly

B.    Salmon-pink macular nrashes

C.    Purpuric skin rashes

D.    Hemarthrosis

E.     * Chronic asymmetric arthritis nof large joints

332.         nThe 14-years old girl has the complaints of presence of white colour npatches on the wrists, legs and face. These patches are cold, firm, thick and ndry. The movements of wrists joints are not limited. From the anamnesis is nknown that she had signs of Raynaud’s syndrome the year before and there is ndecreased sensitivity of hands and feet now. No changes in the inner organs nwere founded. What observation is the most helpful to confirm the diagnosis?

A.    ANA test

B.    MRI

C.    Angiography

D.    General blood analysis

E.     * Skin biopsy

333.         nThe 14-years old girl has the complaints of presence of white colour npatches on the wrists, legs and face. These patches are cold, firm, thick and ndry. The movements of wrists joints are not limited. From the anamnesis is nknown that she had signs of Raynaud’s syndrome the year before and there is ndecreased sensitivity of hands and feet now. No changes in the inner organs nwere founded. Localized scleroderma was diagnosed. What treatment would be nprescribed?

A.    Penicillamine

B.    Pentoxifylline

C.    Cyclophosphamide

D.    Physiotherapy

E.     * All mentioned above

334.         nThe 8 years old boy complaints of body temperature 37.4 – 37.8?C, muscle nweakness, pain in knees and legs. These symptoms appeared 8 days ago. During nexamination was noticed violet-colored rash on eyelids and around the nails, nperiorbital edema. Palpation of the shin muscles is painful, movements of legs nare limited. There is hyperemia of the oral cavity, multiple ulcers on the ngingiva. No changes in the inner organs were found. What observation is the nmost helpful to confirm the diagnosis?

A.    ANA test

B.    MRI

C.    Serum muscle enzymes n(CK,CPK, LDH, and/or aldolase)

D.    General blood analysis

E.     * Skin and muscle biopsy

335.         nA boy 10 years old has complaints of significant fatigue, fever, ndysphagia, hardness in flexion of wrist fingers. He is ill during 5 months; his nmom thinks that his disease is provoked with overcooling. During examination: nthe weight of patient is less thaormal, there are firm small tubercles under nthe skin and in the muscles. The movements in hand joints are painless and ndecreased. The oral cavity mucosa is dry with hemorrhages. Three months ago ithis boy was diagnosed stomach ulcer. Put the most probable diagnosis.

A.    Atopic gingivatis

B.    Systemic vasculitis

C.    Myastenia gravis

D.    Polyneuropathy

E.     * Juvenile dermatomyositis

336.         nThe 16-years old boy has the complaints of skin discoloration on the nface and feeling of “hard skin” around the mouth. Also there is swelling of nwrists joints and limited but painless movements in these joints. During nexamination there were registered dull heart sounds, tachycardia, decreased nsensitivity in the hands and feet. In ultrasound examination was diagnosed nheart fibrosis. Put the diagnosis.

A.    JRA

B.    JDM

C.    Polyarteritis nodosa

D.    Restrictic ncardiomyopathy

E.     * Scleroderma systemica

337.         nThe 16-years old boy has the complaints of skin discoloration on the nface and feeling of “hard skin” around the mouth. Also there is swelling of nwrists joints and limited but painless movements in these joints. During nexamination there were registered dull heart sounds, tachycardia, decreased nsensitivity in the hands and feet. In ultrasound examination was diagnosed nheart fibrosis. What observation is the most helpful to confirm the diagnosis?

A.    General blood analysis, nANA test

B.    MRI, CT

C.    EchoCG

D.    ECG

E.     * Skin biopsy

338.         nThe 17-years old girl came to hospital because of dysphagia symptoms. nAccording anamnesis data was revealed abnormal sensitivity to cold in the hands nand feet. During examination were found: painful calcium deposits under the nskin, pallor and cyanosis of hands and feet, tightening of the skin on the nfingers or toes and presence of dilated capillaries on the hands and face. Put nthe diagnosis.

A.    Systemic vasculitis

B.    Polyarteritis nodosa

C.    Localized scleroderma

D.    Raynaud’s syndrome

E.     * Progressive Systemic nSclerosis

339.         nThe 13 years old girl complaints of body temperature 37.8 – 38.2?C, nmuscle weakness, pain in knees and legs. These symptoms appeared 4 days ago. nDuring examination was noticed violet-colored rash on eyelids and around the nnails, periorbital edema. Palpation of the shin muscles is painful, movements nof legs are limited. There is hyperemia of the oral cavity, multiple ulcers othe gingiva. No changes in the inner organs were found. Put the diagnosis.

A.    Atopic gingivatis

B.    Systemic vasculitis

C.    Myastenia gravis

D.    Polyneuropathy

E.     * Juvenile ndermatomyositis

340.         nThe 12-years old girl has the complaints of presence of white colour nbands on the arms and legs. These bands are firm, thick and dry. The girl ndescribes the feelings at the areas of lesions presence like “tightening” or n“compression”. From the anamnesis is known that she had signs of Raynaud’s nsyndrome the year before and there is decreased sensitivity of hands and feet nnow. No changes in the inner organs were founded. Put the diagnosis.

A.    Atopic dermatitis

B.    Systemic vasculitis

C.    Polyneuropathy

D.    Obliterised nendarteriitis

E.     * Localized scleroderma

341.         nA boy 5 years old was hospitalized because of pain in the neck, knees nand decrease of movements in these joints especially in the morning. Two weeks nago was ARI with tonsillitis. The disease have acute onset: hyperthermia, hard nmovements of the head, pain and edema of joints. After anti-inflammatory drugs nthe pain became less intensive, but decreasing of active movements still nremained. During examination: skin pallor, deformation of knee joints with decrease nmovements in them and neck. What examination will help to put early diagnosis nof JRA?

A.    Coombs test

B.    ESR, CRP

C.    Pheumatoid factor

D.    US of joints

E.     * Biopsy of synovial nmembrane

342.         nPatient 10 years old admitted to the hospital with intermittent high nfever, allergic rash, pain and swelling in the knee and ankle joints, increase nof peripheral lymph nodes, liver and spleen. In general blood analysis – nleukocytes 27×109/l, ESR – 65mm/hour, increased immunoglobulin “M” nand “G”. Which of the following diagnoses is most probable?

A.    Sepsis

B.    Systemic lupus nerythematosus

C.    Rheumatc fever

D.    Leukemia

E.     * Systemic juvenile nrheumatoid arthritis

343.         n?The child is 7 months, he has artificial feeding (cow’s milk, cream of nwheat). He entered the hospital with fever up to 37,8 ? C, brief bouts of ntonic-clonic seizures, signs of rickets 2 degree. Positive Erb, Trousseau, nMaslov symptoms. What is the preliminary diagnosis?

A.    Renal eclampsia

B.    Hyperthermia

C.    Epilepsy

D.    Meningoencephalitis

E.     * Spasmophylia

344.         nThe child is 1,5 months. He was born premature with a weight of 2000. nDuring pregnancy the mother suffered from preeclampsia 1st and 2nd half of npregnancy. 2 weeks to the increased sweating, excitability. Which pathological ncondition is the most likely in this child?

A.    The consequences of nperinatal lesions of the nervous system

B.    Functional disorders of nthe gastro-intestinal system

C.    Spasmophylia

D.    The initial nmanifestation of ARVI

E.     * Rickets

345.         nThe child is 11 months. He is hospitalized because of spasmophylia as nevidenced tetany. After the emergency treatment of the child health has nimproved, convulsions ceased. Determine further therapeutic tactics.

A.    Assign vitamin D idoses of 2000 IU a week supplementation with calcium.

B.    Assign vitamin D idoses of 4000 IU once.

C.    Do not assign vitamin D

D.    Assign vitamin D idoses of 500 IU immediately

E.     * Assign vitamin D idoses of 500 IU a week supplementation with calcium.

346.         nThe child is 3 months. An objective examination of observed pallor of nthe skin, excessive sweating, anxiety, palpation – soft edge of a large fontanel, nsoftening of the occipital bone. What is the course of the disease?

A.    Subacute

B.    Recurrent

C.    Latent

D.    Limp

E.     * Acute

347.         nThe child is 3 months. An objective examination has observed pallor of nthe skin, excessive sweating, anxiety, palpation – soft edges of a large nfontanel, softening of the occipital bone. What are your recommendations.

A.    nalidixic acid and ncalcium glycerophosphate

B.    videin-3 in 3 days

C.    ultraviolet irradiatio20 sessions

D.    vitamin D 400 IU per nday.

E.     *  videin-3 and calcium glycerophosphate

348.         nThe child is 6 months. Located on breastfeeding, prevention of rickets nwas made. Fruit and vegetable products, fruit juice does not get. His mother nsaid that child has anxiety, increased sweating. An objective examination: nsevere frontal and parietal tubers, large fontanel has the size 3×4 cm, and its nedges are thickened. At the ribs “rosary” are palpated. Severe nmuscular hypotonia: “frog belly”, the child badly stands with support non his feet. Determine the course of the disease.

A.    Acute

B.    Recurrent

C.    Latent

D.    Limp

E.     * Subacute

349.         nThe little girl was 7 months. The mother complained of seizures, jittery nchild, cyanosis, crying. The attack lasts from 30 seconds to 1 minute. nChildbirth is not complicated. Located on the inadequate artificial feeding. nVegetables, fruits, juices did not receive. An objective examination: pale, noverly well-fed, head of the square shape, ribs “rosary”, is not nsitting, on the legs is not supported. Your preliminary diagnosis?

A.    Rickets, severe, acute ncourse, period of the outbreak

B.    Rickets, the moderate nseverity, residual period

C.    Rickets, acute course, nperiod of convalescence, spasmophylia, eclampsia

D.    De Toni Debre-Fanconi nDisease.

E.     * Rickets, severe, nsubacute course, the crisis period, spasmophylia, laryngospasm

350.         nThe little girl was 7 months. The mother complained of seizures, jittery nchild, cyanosis, crying. The attack lasts from 30 seconds to 1 minute. nChildbirth is not complicated. Located on the misallocation of artificial nfeeding. Vegetables, fruits, juices did not receive. An objective examination: npale, overly well-fed, head of the square shape, ribs “rosary”, is nnot sitting, on the legs is not supported. What laboratory tests are needed for nstaging the final diagnosis?

A.    Determining the level of nphosphorus in the blood.

B.    Complete blood analysis. n

C.    Determination of sweat nchloride.

D.    Determining the level of nvitamin D in the blood.

E.     * Determining the level nof calcium in the blood.

351.         nChild is 7 months. Observed pallor of the skin, frontal and parietal ntubers, ribs “rosary”, “bracelets”, “string of pearls”, nthickening of the large fontanelle edges, increased liver, Harrison’s groove. nWhat course of rickets in this child?

A.    Acute

B.    Recurrent

C.    Latent

D.    Limp

E.     * Subacute

352.         nThe child is 7 months. Observed pallor of the skin, frontal and parietal ntuber, rib “rosary”, “bracelets”, “string of npearls”, thickening of the edges of the large fontanelle, increased liver, nHarrison’s groove. The diagnosis: Rickets, moderate severity. Which clinical nsymptoms indicate the severity of rickets?

A.    Harrison’s groove

B.    The predominance of nosteoid hyperplasia

C.    The predominance of nosteomalacia

D.    The age of 7 months

E.     * The presence of osteoid nhyperplasia signs simultaneously on the head, hands and trunk.

353.         nThe child of 8 months is fed exclusively with cow’s milk. Locomotor nactivity is low. He is not sitting, standing with support. Has Olympic nforehead, the ribs “rosary”, “bracelets”, the lower limbs with O-shaped ndeformation. Heart tones are deaf. Liver and spleen are increased. Clinical nmanifestations correspond to:

A.    Rickets severe, acute ncourse

B.    secondary Rickets, nsevere, acute course

C.    secondary Rickets, nsevere, subacute course

D.    Rickets mild, subacute ncourse

E.     * Rickets severe, nsubacute course

354.         nFemale 7 month was fed artificially, physical development is nsatisfactory. During the prolonged crying suddenly she was covered with sticky nsweat, breath has stopped, cyanosis of the face has developed. After a few nseconds – loud inbreath (“cock”-sound), after which the child become nnormal. Seen a girl, doctor found signs of rickets. To diagnose disease the nmost informative studies are:

A.    Electroencephalogram

B.    Sulkovitch’s test

C.    Blood sugar ninvestigation

D.    Investigation of naminoaciduria

E.     * Investigation of blood ncalcium

355.         nThe district pediatrician is examining the healthy full-term baby of 1 nmonth old, who is breastfed. The prevention of which disease will be nrecommended first of all?

A.    Paratrofiya

B.    Anemia

C.    Hypotrophy

D.    Spasmophylia

E.     * Rickets

356.         nThe district pediatrician is examining the child of two months. Mother ncomplaints of periodic anxiety, increased sweating in the child. Occiput is nflattened, bald. The edges of the great fontanelle are pliable. What is the ndisease?

A.    Vitamin D-resistant nrickets

B.    Phosphate-diabetes

C.    Syndrome De nToni-Debre-Fanconi

D.    Spasmophylia

E.     * Rickets

357.         nThe district pediatrician is examining the child of two months. Mother ncomplaints of periodic anxiety, increased sweating in the child. Occiput is nflattened, bald. The edges of the great fontanelle are pliable. What dose of nvitamin D3 should be appointed to the child?

A.    5-10 thousand IU / day

B.    20-25 thousand IU / day

C.    10 – 15 thousand IU / nday

D.    15-20 thousand IU / day

E.     * 2 – 5 thousand IU / day n

358.         nMonthly child became restless, with increased sweating of the head. From nthe history of life: was born in September. Is fed with cow’s milk. Visible ncraniotabes is seen. Doctor has ordered the course of UV irradiation. Does the nchild need cholecalciferol ?

A.    No need

B.    In combination with nUV-irradiation

C.    Immediately after ncompletion of the course UFO

D.    1 month after completioof the course UFO

E.     * A 2-2,5 months after nthe end of the course UFO

359.         nDuring the intramuscular injection of DTP vaccine in the clinic for the nchild at the age of 3 months suddenly had appeared phenomena of laryngism, pale nskin, cyanosis of the lips, “cock” crowing, stop of breathing, tension the nentire body with his head thrown back. Allergic child’s history is not ncomplicated. Before inoculation some abnormalities were noted by pediatrician. nWhat is the most likely diagnosis?

A.    Meningism, clonic-tonic nconvulsions

B.    Anaphylactic shock, nclonic convulsions

C.    Meningoenciphalitic nreaction, clonic-tonic convulsions

D.    Bleeding into the brain, ntonic convulsions

E.     * Spasmophylia, tonic nconvulsions

360.         nAfter preventive examination of the child of 1 month, born in September, nin gestation age of 38 weeks, and now is breastfed, the doctor has advised to nthe mother to start vitamin D 500 IU per day. Would you agree with this nrecommendation? If not, why not?

A.    No. We have to start the nprevention of rickets in 2 months.

B.    No. Prophylactic dose of nvitamin D for this child should be 1000 IU, because he was born premature.

C.    No. When breastfeeding nshould stop, than further appoint vitamin D, it needs overlap with mother’s nilk.

D.    No. Vitamin D is not nnecessary to appoint, as a child has no signs of rickets.

E.     * Yes. Prophylactic dose nof vitamin D doctor has named correctly.

361.         nAfter preventive examination of the child of 1 month, born in September, nin gestation age of 35 eeks, and now is breastfed, the doctor has advised to nthe mother to start vitamin D 500 IU per day. Would yo agree with this nrecommendation? If not, why not?

A.    Yes. Prophylactic dose nof vitamin D doctor has named correctly.

B.    No. We have to start the nprevention of rickets in 2 months.

C.    No. When breastfeeding nshould stop, than further appoint vitamin D, it needs overlap with mother’s nmilk.

D.    No. Vitamin D is not nnecessary to appoint, as a child has no signs of rickets.

E.     * No. Prophylactic dose nof vitamin D for this child should be 1000 IU, because he was born premature.

362.         nA 2,5-month-old child presents with muscle hypotonia, sweating, alopecia nof the back of the head. The child is prescribed massage, curative gymnastics nand vitamin D. What is the dosage and frequency of vitamin D administration?

A.    1000 IU every two days

B.    500 IU daily

C.    500 IU every two days

D.    1000 IU daily

E.     * 3000 IU daily

363.         nChild is 7 months. The mum has addressed with the complaints on periodic ntwitching of a chin, which strengthens during disturbing, jerk of separate ngroups of muscles, shudder in dream. How it is possible to confirm the ndiagnosis of a spasmophilia for this child?

A.    To do Sulkovitch’s test

B.    To determine a level of npotassium in a blood

C.    To determine a level of nmagnesium in a blood

D.    To click the radical of ntongue

E.     * To test Hvostek, Lust nsigns

364.         nChild is 8 months old. His mother says that during dressing the child nbegan to cry, noisy breathing has appeared, the child become blue, and covered nby cold sweet, then was a short-time apnea. Mother washed his face by cold nwater, and the boy has noisy inhaled, in some minutes became iorm, began to nplay. Deliver the previous diagnosis.

A.    Latent Spasmophylia

B.    Manifestive nSpasmophylia, eclampsia

C.    Manifestive nSpasmophylia, carpopedal spastic stricture

D.    Rickets

E.     * Manifestive nSpasmophylia, laryngospasm

365.         nChild is 8 months old. His mother says that during dressing the child nbegan to cry, noisy breathing has appeared, the child become blue, and covered nby cold sweet, then was a short-time apnea. Mother washed his face by cold nwater, and the boy has noisy inhaled, in some minutes became iorm, began to nplay. What laboratory investigations will confirm the diagnosis of nSpasmophylia?

A.    investigation of sodium nand potassium in a blood

B.    investigation of nmagnesium in a blood

C.    Sulkovitch test

D.    glucose tolerant test

E.     * investigation of Ca and nР in a blood

366.         nChild of 9 months old has viral infection, cramps, general cyanosis, and nloss of consciousness. Objectively – clonic and tonic convulsions, skicyanosis, foam on the lips, signs of a Rickets. Changes in lungs are not ndetected, as meningeal signs too. What is the first aid?

A.    Vitamin D

B.    Peroral calcium, nanticramps drugs

C.    anticramps drugs

D.    Spasmolytics nintravenously

E.     * Introducing nintravenously calcium and anticramps drugs

367.         nDistrict pediatrician examines a healthy carried 1-month-old child. The nchild is breast-fed. Prophylaxes of what disease will the doctor recommend to ndo first of all?

A.    Spasmophylia

B.    Malnutrition

C.    Parathropy

D.    Anemia

E.     * Rickets

368.         nDuring intramuscular DTP vaccination in clinic, a 3-month-old child ndeveloped signs of laryngospasm, paleness of skin, cyanosis of lips, “cock ncry”, stop of respiration, and tension of the whole body with overturned nbackward head. Allergological history of the child is not complicated. What is nthe most probable diagnosis?

A.    Cerebral haemorrhage, ntonic spasms

B.    Meningoencephalitic nreaction, clonic and tonic spasms

C.    Anaphylactic shock, nclonic spasms

D.    Meningism, clonic and ntonic spasms

E.     * Spasmophilia, tonic nspasms

369.         nIn a medical procedures’ room during injection the 9 months’ old child nhas screamed, in the short-time has arisen apnea and skin cyanosis, thepallor, the child was very flabby. Life history: the child is from І normal pregnancy, artificial feeding by formula from ntwo weeks till 2 months, then by cow’s milk, porridges from 6 months. He did nnot receive juices, fruits and vegetables. Objectively: body temperature is nnormal, skin is pale, perioral cyanosis, frontal bossing, large fontanelle is 1х1.5 cm, with infiltrated dense margins, rachitic nrosary were found. The child sits with support, does not stay independently, nand has not teeth. What is the diagnosis?

A.    Manifestive form of nSpasmophylia.

B.    Hypervitaminosis D.

C.    Latent form of nSpasmophylia.

D.    Eclampsia.

E.     * The Rickets ІІ stage, subacute course, the period of progression. nThe manifistive form of spamophylia.

370.         nIn the 10 months’ old child on the background of viral infection have nappeared repeated cramps. Objectively – signs of Rickets, 2 stage are present. nA level of the blood calcium is 1.6 mmol/l, interval QT on ECG – 0.33 sec. The nchild has artificial feeding, without vegetable foods. What disease has nmanifested on the phone of viral infection?  n

A.    Encephalitis

B.    Meningitis

C.    Encephalitic reaction

D.    Neurotoxicosis

E.     * Spasmophylia

371.         nIn the 11 months’ old child, who has viral infection, have appeared ncramps, general cyanosis, loss of consciousness. (In an anamnesis he received ntreatment by Videin-3). Objectively – clonic and tonic convulsions, skicyanosis, foam on the lips, signs of Rickets. Changes in lungs are not ndetected, as meningeal signs too. What is the previous diagnosis?

A.    Spasmophylia, nlaryngospasm

B.    Neurotoxicosis

C.    Hypervitaminosis D

D.    Meningitis

E.     * Spasmophylia. nEclampsia.

372.         nMother with an infant visited the pediatrician. Her baby was born with nbody mass of 3,2 kg and 50 cm length. He is 1 year old now. How many teeth the nbaby should have?

A.    10

B.    20

C.    6

D.    12

E.     * 8

373.         nPediatrician has examined 6-month’s old child\: the skin is pale, nmuscular tonus is reduced, frontal bossing is present, sizes of large nfontanelle is 1х1 cm, its’ margins are dense, “rachitic nrosary” were found. The diagnosis is rickets. What course of the disease is npossible in this child?

A.    Acute

B.    Chronic

C.    Persistent

D.    Relapsed

E.     * Subacute

374.         nThe 10 months old child has frontal bossing, “rachitic rosary”, n“bow legs”, sizes of large fontanelle is 1.5х2 cm. The vitamin D3 was included in a treatment. What nis its’ daily dose?

A.    100-500 IU

B.    1000-2000 IU

C.    5000-10000 IU

D.    10000-20000 IU

E.     * 2000-5000 IU

375.         nThe 5-months’ old girl has general cramps, loss of consciousness. It is nknown, that last three weeks the child had received vitamin D3 in a dose 3000 nIU and general ultra violet insolation every day to treat Rickets. Day before nshe had a short-time apnea. Objectively – body temperature is normal signs of nthe Rickets are present. What can provoke this complication?

A.    Rickets

B.    Hypervitaminosis D

C.    Error in a feed

D.    Polyhypovitaminosis

E.     * Spasmophylia

376.         nThe child of 10 months on the phone of virus infection has appeared nrepeated cramps. At the view – the signs of a rickets of 2 stage. A level of ncalcium of a blood – 1,6 mmol/l, interval QT on ECG – 0,33 sec. Artificial nfeeding, without vegetable foods. What disease was exhibited on the phone of nvirus infection? 

A.    Encephalitis

B.    Meningitis

C.    Encephalitical reacting

D.    Neurotoxicosis

E.     * Spasmophilia

377.         nThe doctor has examined the 3-month’s child and suspected an initial nstage of a rickets. What changes of muscular system will be present in him?

A.    Hypertonia of muscles

B.    Muscle atrophy

C.    Decrease of muscles nforces

D.    Increase of muscles  forces

E.     * Hypotonia of muscles

378.         nThe mother of the 4-month’s child has addressed to the doctor with ncomplaints on a decrease of appetite, regurgitation, subfebrile temperature iher child. It is known, that from the 2nd month of life the child receives nvitamin D3 in preventive dose /500 IU each day/, from the 3-rd month of life nbecause of irritability and sweating was prescribed general ultra-violet ninsolation. Objectively: large fontanelle is closed, skin with perioral ncyanosis. Laboratory investigations: Sulcovich test is positive (++), serum ncalcium – 3.5 mmol/l. Name the most probable diagnosis:

A.    Rickets

B.    Spasmophylia

C.    Personal intolerance of nvitamin D

D.    Hypovitaminosis D

E.     * Hypervitaminosis D

379.         nThe pediatrician has examined 1-month’s old child, which was born from nthe І physiological pregnancy. In 3 weeks of nlife because of mother’s hypohalactia he start to receive bottle feeding by ncow’s milk in 2:1 dilution. He does not receive the fresh air. What disease nshould be prevented first of all?

A.    Anemia

B.    Malnutrition

C.    Spasmophylia

D.    Diarrhea

E.     * Rickets

380.         nTo the doctor has addressed the mother of the 4-month’s child with the ncomplaints to a decrease of appetite, regurgitation, fervescence subfibrile. It nis known, that since 2 month of life the child with the preventive purpose nreceives vitamin Д3 /500 IU each day /, since 3-rd month of nlife in connection with appearance of disturbing and sweating was intended ngeneral ultra-violet. At the view: large crown closed, skin acyanotic, nperiorale cyanosis. By results of examination: assay Sulcovich ++, serumal ncalcium – 3,5 mmol/l. To call the most probable diagnosis:

A.    Rickets

B.    Spasmophilia

C.    Personal intoleranse of nvitamin D

D.    Hypovitaminosis D

E.     * Hypervitaminosis D

381.         n10 months’ old girl was treated from otitis, received Penicilliinjections. In 4 days diarrhea has developed. What corrections in treatment are nnecessary?

A.    stop Penicilliinjections.

B.    add bacterial drugs.

C.    stop Penicilliinjections, add bacterial drugs.

D.    stop Penicilliinjections, to change it for gentamicine, add bacterial drugs.

E.     * stop Penicillin injections, nchange it for ampicilline, add bacterial drugs.

382.         n2-months’ old child with body weight 4,300 was hospitalized to the nclinic because of gastroenteral enzymopathy, isotonic dehydration. What nmedicine, except rehydration therapy must be prescribed to this child?

A.    Antibacterial therapy

B.    Immunostimulators

C.    Sorbents

D.    Multivitamins

E.     * Enzymes and bacterial ndrugs

383.         n3.5 months’ old child has lost more than 10% of the body weight. nDehydration features are following: shock – falling blood pressure with ntachycardia, coma, anuria. What type of dehydration does this child have?

A.    Water deficiency

B.    Mixed

C.    Isotonic.

D.    Data of laboratory nexaminations are necessary for definition of the dehydration type 

E.     * Salt deficiency

384.         n3.5 months’ old child is treated from acute bilateral bronchopneumonia ncomplicated by secondary gastroenteral enzymopathy. What main principles of ntreatment?

A.    Antibacterial, nimmunostimulation therapy

B.    Oral rehydration and nantibacterial therapy

C.    Massive bacterial ntherapy

D.    Enzymes without aantibiotic

E.     * Antibacterial, nrehydration, bacterial therapy

385.         n6-weeks’ old child has a frequent stool, vomits, and draws his legs up nto the abdomen. The biochemical examination of the blood shows hyponatremia, nhypokalemia, hypoalbuminemia mother notes that symptoms have develop after nusing new food (egg). Put your diagnosis.

A.    pyloric stenosis

B.    peptic ulcer

C.    infectious diarrhea.

D.    Pylorospasm

E.     * functional diarrhea

386.         nA 1-year-old child suffers of attack-like cough. The child presents with nthe history of dyspepsia since birth. On physical examination there are signs nof delay in physical development, bronchial obstruction, respiratory ninsufficiency, 1 grade. Blood count: signs of inflammatory process. Sweat nchlorides 120 mEq/L. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A.    Bronchopulmonary ndysplasia

B.    Kartagener’s syndrome

C.    Acute respiratory ninfection, bronchitis

D.    Severe bronchial asthma

E.     * Cystic fibrosis

387.         nA 1-year-old infant is admitted for failure to thrive. During the nneonatal period he had an exploratory laparotomy for intestinal obstruction. At n3,8 and 11 month of age, he had respiratory infections diagnosed as bronchitis. nPhysical examination: weight of 6,8 kg, thin extremities with very little nsubcutaneous tissue, and a protuberant abdomen. The essentials diagnostic study nin this child is:

A.    Skin test for milk nallergy

B.    Bronchoscopy

C.    Serum immunoglobulilevel

D.    Tuberculin skin test

E.     * Sweat electrolytes

388.         nA 2 month old full-term child was born with weight 3500 g and was on the nmixed feeding. Current weight is 4900 g. Evaluate the current weight of the nchild:

A.    Hypotrophy of the II ngrade

B.    150 g less thanecessary

C.    Hypotrophy of the I ngrade

D.    Paratrophy of the I ngrade

E.     * Corresponding to the nage

389.         nA 2 y.o. boy was admitted to the hospital with weight loss, unstable ndischarges, anorexia, following the semoli¬na’s introduction (since 5 months). nThe child is adymanic, flabby, pale dry skin, subcutaneous layer is emaciated. nDistended and tensed abdomen, tympanitis on percussion of the upper part of the nabdomen, splashing sounds, feces are foamy, of light color, foul. On coprocytogram\: na lot of neutral fat. What is the cause of the disease?

A.    Intestinal ndysbacteriosis

B.    Mucoviscidosis (cystic nfibrosis)

C.    Disaccharidase ninsufficiency

D.    Chronic enteritis

E.     * Celiakia (celiac ndisease)

390.         nA 6-month-old infant was born with body mass of 3 kg and 50 cm length. nHe is breast-fed. How many times per day should the infant is fed?

A.    8

B.    4

C.    6

D.    7

E.     * 5

391.         nA child was born with body weight 3250 g and body length 52 cm. At the nage of 1,5 month the actual weight is sufficient (4350 g), psychophysical ndevelopment corresponds with the age. The child is breast-fed, occasionally nthere are regurgitations. What is the cause of regurgitations?

A.    Esophageal atresia

B.    Acute gastroenteritis

C.    Pylorospasm

D.    Pylorostenosis

E.     * Aerophagia

392.         nA child, 4 years old, has Entheropathogenic Escherichiosis, moderate ndegree. Prescribe the pathogenetical treatment.

A.    Pancreatin

B.    Nifuroxasid

C.    Enterol

D.    Sorbit

E.     * Oralit

393.         nA child, 5 years old, has dyspeptic syndrome, moderate intoxicatiosyndrome, and abdominal pain. Salmonellosis was diagnosed. What changes in the ngeneral blood test are typical to this disease?

A.    Leucopenia, naneosinophylia, lymphocytosis.

B.    Leucocytosis, nlymphocytosis.

C.    Leucopenia, nneutrophyllosis, ESR decreasing.

D.    Leucocytosis, nlymphomonocytosis, atypical mononuclear cells.

E.     * Leucocytosis, nneuthrophyllosis, ESR increasing.

394.         nA mother consulted a pediatrician about her son. Her son was born with nbody mass of 3 kg and length of 48 cm. He’s 1 year old now. What is the nrequired normal mass?

A.    9,0 kg

B.    15,0 kg

C.    11,0 kg

D.    12,0 kg

E.     * 10,5 kg

395.         nA neonate from gestation with severe gestosis of the second half was nborn on the 41st week with 2400 g birth weight and 50cm long. On physical nexamination: skin is flaccid, subcutaneous fatty cellular tissue is thin, nmuscle hypotonia, new-born period reflexes are decreased. Internal organs are nwithout pathological changes. How would you estimate this child?

A.    Term infant with normal nbody weight

B.    Premature infant

C.    Postmature infant

D.    Immature infant

E.     * Term infant with npre-natal growth retardation

396.         nIn a child, 4 months old, suddenly has increased the temperature to 38.5 n?С. Later has appeared frequent defecationear 15 times per day. Excrements are yellow-green, liquid consistency, with nmucus. During examination: skin is pale, lips are bright, dry. The child has nthirst. Big fontanel is 1.5х1.5 cm, sunken. Breathing is puerile, 42 nper 1 minute. Heart tones are loud, rhythmic, 148 per 1 minute. The abdomen is nmildly distended, painful. Salmonellas are found in excrements. Biochemical nblood analyses: Nа – 163 mmol/l, K – 5.7 mmol/l. What type nof dehydration is possible?

A.    Isotonic.

B.    Hypotonic.

C.    Salt deficient.

D.    Dehydration is absent.

E.     * Hypertonic.

397.         nIn a child, 7 years old, dysentery reveals itself  by often defecation to 20-25 times per day, nskin is pale, dry, elasticity is reduced, the body temperature is 38.9 ?С, repeated vomiting, colicky pain are present. What is nthe severity of the disease in this case?

A.    Mild

B.    Moderate

C.    severe

D.    severe degree with nprevalence of toxicosis.

E.     * severe degree with nprevalence of the local manifestations.

398.         nIn the 3 months’ old child, who is on the breast feeding was diagnosed nMalnutrition 2nd degree. What from this is better to prescribe the child to ncorrect dysbacteriosis?

A.    Festal

B.    Apilac

C.    Ampicillin

D.    Nistatin

E.     * Bifidumbacterin

399.         nIn the 5 months’ old child signs of water deficiency dehydration were nfound. What probable dates of laboratory examinations?

A.    Decrease of hematocrit

B.    Decrease of K, Na, Cl nlevel in the blood, considerable increase of hematocrit

C.    Decrease of K, Na, Cl nlevel in the blood

D.    Detection of a bacterial ninfection

E.     * Increase of potassium nlevel

400.         nThe 4 months’ old child is treated in the hospital because of nMalnutrition 3rd degree. What duration of the parentheral feeding is optimal nfor this child?

A.    1-2 days

B.    10 days

C.    On whole period of ntreatment

D.    2-3 weeks.

E.     * 7-14 days

401.         nThe 7-months’ child is treated from alimentary Malnutrition 2nd degree. nThe weight deficit is 25%. What accompanying disease most often could be npresent in this child?

A.    Salmonellosis

B.    Sepsis

C.    Spasmophylia

D.    Exudative-catarrhal ndiathesis

E.     * Rickets

402.         nThe boy, 3 months old, is treated in infectious department because of nSalmonellosis, moderate degree, caused by Salmonellae typhimurium. Which netiological treatment is reasonable to use?{

A.    Benzylpenicillin.

B.    Erythromycin.

C.    Cefazolin.

D.    Oxacillin.

E.     * Cefotaxim.

403.         nThe boy, 4 years old, complains of abdominal pain, repeated vomiting, nincreased frequency of defecation, fluid feces, high body temperature – 38 ?С. He is ill for 4 days. Parents did not address to nphysician before. The patient received Ampicillin in tablets. Because of poor ncondition (the appearing of blood in feces) he entered to infectious ndepartment. The skin is pale tongue is covered by white stratification. The nabdomen is distended, mildly painful. The feces are green-gray, with mucus, nblood. Salmonellosis is suspected. What investigation will confirm the ndiagnosis?

A.    General blood test.

B.    Bacteriological nexamination of cerebrospinal fluid.

C.    Fat drop.

D.    Bacteriological ninvestigation of pharyngeal swab.

E.     * Bacteriological nexamination of the feces on dysentery, typhoid, paratyphoid fever.

404.         nThe child 4 months old has expressed thinning of the subcutaneous ncellulose. The thickness of the pleat near the umbilicus is 0.4 cm. The child nis flaccid, hypodynamic, shouted weakly, the body temperature is reduced, his nface is wrinkled. Malnutrition 3rd degree was diagnosed. What weight deficit is ntypical for this degree of malnutrition?

A.    21-30%

B.    10-20%

C.    10-30%

D.    5-25%.

E.     * 40-50%

405.         nThe child 5 months’ old, has entered to the clinic with Malnutrition 1st ndegree. The diet was prescribed to him. What duration of the food tolerance ndetermination period in this case?

A.    1-2 weeks

B.    2-3 weeks

C.    7-14 days

D.    3-4 weeks

E.     * 1-3 days

406.         nThe child 6 months’ old suffers from alimentary Malnutrition 2nd degree, nperiod of recovery. He is on the step of optimum feeding. At calculation of the nfeeding has appeared the deficit of the protein part of ration. How to correct nthe protein deficit?

A.    By the Porridge

B.    By the Vegetable puree

C.    By the Yoghurt

D.    By the Fruit juice

E.     * By the pot cheese

407.         nThe Child has entered to clinic with complaints on anxiety, increased nappetite, metheorism. Under objective examination thinning of the subcutaneous ntissue on the abdomen and trunk was revealed. The weight deficit is 22%. nMalnutrition 2nd degree was diagnosed. What part from necessary volume of the nfood is necessary to give the child during the first week?        

A.    Full volume of the food

B.    3/4 of the necessary nvolume

C.    1/3 of the necessary nvolume

D.    2/3 of the necessary nvolume

E.     * Half of the necessary nvolume

408.         nThe child is 6 months. His birth weight is 3 kg, now his weight is 6.800 nkg (weight deficit  -13%) This ncorresponds:

A.    The variant of the rate

B.    Malnutrition 2nd degree

C.    Malnutrition 3rd degree

D.    Paratrophia, 1st degree

E.     * Malnutrition 1st degree n

409.         nThe child was born prematurely, with body weight 2.200 kg (in 33-34 nweeks of gestation). The trophyc index (TI) is 0. Such value of TI is typical nfor:

A.    Prenatal Malnutritio1st degree

B.    Prenatal Malnutritio2nd degree

C.    Prenatal Malnutritio3rd  degree

D.    Paratrophya

E.     * Normotrophya

410.         nThe Child, 2 years old, is treated because of Entheroinvasive nEscherichiosis. Prescribe the ethiothrope treatment.

A.    Nifuroxasid

B.    Pancreatin

C.    Enterol

D.    Enterodes

E.     * Ampicillin

411.         nThe child, 3 years old, is treated in infectious department because of nacute Shigellosis. During objective examination: the body temperature is 39.9 ?С, skin is pale, dry, periodic tonic twitches of the nmuscles, limbs are cool, abdomen is sealled, sensitive in left inguinal region, nanus is open. Name the diagnose.

A.    Shigellosis typical nform, moderate degree.

B.    Shigellosis, atypical nform.

C.    Shigellosis typical nform, severe degree.

D.    Shigellosis typical nform, severe degree with prevalence of the local manifestations.

E.     * Shigellosis typical nform, severe degree with prevalence of toxicosis.

412.         nThe child, 7 months old, is treated in infectious department because of nSalmonellosis, gastrointestinal form, moderate gravity, toxicosis with exicosis nII degree, caused Salmonellae enteritidis. What percent of weight loss is nprobable in this case?

A.    1-3 %.

B.    3-6 %.

C.    Less than 5 %.

D.    10-15 %.

E.     * 5-10 %.

413.         nThe mother of 3-months’ old girl has addressed to district pediatriciawith complaints on anxiety of the child, small interval between feedings less nthan 3.5-hours. Objectively\: thinning of the subcutaneous fat on the abdomeand trunk. The malnutrition 2nd degree was diagnosed. What weight deficit is ncharacterized for this degree of malnutrition?

A.    10-20%

B.    30-40%

C.    40 % and more

D.    5-10%

E.     * 20-30%

414.         nTo study physical development of children and adolescents, nanthropometric investigations are widely used. Choose a physiometric method of ninvestigation from the below given.

A.    Determination of thorax nform

B.    Determination of nvertebra form

C.    Determination of body nweight

D.    Measurement of growth

E.     * Determination of vital ncapacity of lungs

415.         n15 y.o. female was admitted to thoracic surgery department with fever up nto 40°C, onset of pain in the side caused by deep breathing, cough with nconsiderable quantity of purulent sputum and blood with bad smell. What is the nmost likely diagnosis?

A.    Complication of liver nechinococcosis

B.    Pulmonary tuberculosis

C.    Actinomycosis of lungs

D.    Bronchiectatic disease

E.     * Abscess of the lung

416.         n2 years old child has dry cough, dyspnea, body temperature is 37.5 °C. nPercussion:  clear pulmonary sound nwithout dullness. Auscultation: dry whistling and different moist rales. In the nperipheral blood: leukocytosis, eosynophylia, increased ESR. What disease is npossible?

A.    Acute simple bronchitis

B.    Whooping cough

C.    Acute pneumonia

D.    Bronchial asthma

E.     * Obstructive bronchitis

417.         nA 1-year-old child suffers of attack-like cough. The child presents with nthe history of dyspepsia since birth. On physical examination there are signs nof delay in physical development, bronchial obstruction, respiratory ninsufficiency, 1 grade. Blood count\: signs of inflammatory process. Sweat nchlorides 120 mEq/L. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A.    Bronchopulmonary ndysplasia

B.    Kartagener’s syndrome

C.    Acute respiratory ninfection, bronchitis

D.    Severe bronchial asthma

E.     * Cystic fibrosis

418.         nA 1-year-old infant is admitted for failure to thrive. During the nneonatal period he had an exploratory laparotomy for intestinal obstruction. At n3,8 and 11 month of age, he had respiratory infections diagnosed as bronchitis. nPhysical examination: weight of 6,8 kg, thin extremities with very little nsubcutaneous tissue, and a protuberant abdomen. The essentials diagnostic study nin this child is:

A.    Skin test for milk nallergy

B.    Bronchoscopy

C.    Serum immunoglobulilevel

D.    Tuberculin skin test

E.     * Sweat electrolytes

419.         nA 1,5-year-old child has following symptoms: chronic cough with purulent nsputum discharge. Dyspnea, physical retardation, large amount of stool. Sweat nchloride isl50 mEq/L. The child has been ill since 2 month age. Diagnosis: ncystic fibrosis. What is the most suitable therapy?

A.    Vitamins + mucolytics

B.    H2-blockers + nhepatoprotectors

C.    Cholepoietic+adaptogenetic nmedicines

D.    Vitamins+antibiotics

E.     * Enzymes + antibiotics

420.         nA 10-year-old boy complains of a headache, weakness, fever [temperature n— 40° C], vomiting. On physical examination: there is an expressed dyspnea, npale skin with a flush on a right cheek, right hemithorax respiratory movement ndelays, dullness on percussion of the lower lobe of the right lung, weakness of nvesicular respiration in this region. The abdomen is painless and soft by npalpation. What disease causes these symptoms and signs?

A.    Intestinal infection

B.    Acute appendicitis

C.    Acute cholecystitis

D.    Influenza

E.     * Pneumonia croupousa

421.         nA 10-year-old boy has a history of recurrent pneumonias and chronic ncough production of foul smell, purulent sputum, ocassionally gloom tinged, nwhich becomes worse in the morning and in reclining position. On physical nexamination, it is a chronic patient with clubbing of fingers, wet inspiratory ntract at the root of lungs from behind. What is the most probable diagnosis?

A.    Disseminated pulmonary ntuberculosis

B.    Pulmonary neoplasm

C.    Chronic bronchitis

D.    Chronic obstructive nemphysema

E.     * Bronchoectasis

422.         nA 14-year-old patient has been treated in a hospital. A fever of 39°C, nchest pain which is worsened by breathing, cough, brownish sputum appeared othe 7th day of the treatment. Chest X-ray shows left lower lobe infiltrate. nWhich of the following is the treatment of choice for this patient?

A.    Erythromycin

B.    Streptomycin

C.    Penicillin

D.    Tetracycline

E.     * Cephalosporins of the nIII generation

423.         nA 16-year-old male was admitted to the hospital complaining of stabbing nback pain on inspiration and dyspnea. On exam, t – 37°C, Ps 92/min, RR of n24/min, vesicular breath sounds. There is a dry, grating, low-pitched sound nheard in both expiration and inspiration in the left lower lateral part of the nchest. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A.    Acute bronchitis

B.    Pneumonia

C.    Pneumothorax

D.    Myocarditis

E.     * Acute fibrinous npleuritis

424.         nA 16-year-old male was discharged from the hospital after having aout-of-hospital pneumonia. He has no complaints. On physical exam: his ntemperature is — 36,6°C, RR-18/min, Ps — 78 bpm, BP — 120/80 mm Hg. During nausculation there is harsh respiration to the right of the lower part of the nlung. Roentgenologically: infiltrative changes are absent, intensification of nthe pulmonary picture to the right in the lower lobe. How long should the ndoctor keep the patient under observation?

A.    1 month

B.    3 months

C.    Permanently

D.    6 months

E.     * 12 months

425.         nA 3 month old infant suffering from acute segmental pneumonia has ndyspnea (respiration rate – 80 per minute), paradoxical breathing, tachycardia, ntotal cyanosis. Respiration / pulse ratio is 1:2. The heart dullness under nnormal size. Such signs characterise:

A.    Congenital heart nmalformation

B.    Myocarditis

C.    Respiratory failure of nII degree

D.    Respiratory failure of I ndegree

E.     * Respiratory failure of nIII degree

426.         n?A 3 year old child with weight defficiency suffers from permanent moist ncough. In history there are some pneumonias with obstruction. On examination: ndistended chest, dullness on percussion over the lower parts of lungs. Oauscultation: a great number of different rales. Level of sweat chloride is 80 nmillimol/l. What is the most probable diagnosis?

A.    Pulmonary hypoplasia

B.    Recurrent bronchitis

C.    Bronchial asthma

D.    Bronchiectasis

E.     * Mucoviscidosis (cystic nfibrosis)

427.         nA 3-month-old infant who is suffering from acute segmental pneumonia nreveals dyspnea, respiration rate is 80 per minute, paradoxical breathing, tachicardia, ntotal cyanosis. Respiration-pulse ratio is 1:2. The heart size is normal. What nare these signs indicative for?

A.    Congenital heart disease

B.    Respiratory failure of I ndegree

C.    Respiratory failure of nII degree

D.    Myocarditis

E.     * Respiratory failure of nIII degree

428.         nA 5-year-old girl with the transitory immunodeficiency according to nT-system has a clinical picture of a right-sided pneumonia during 2 months. How npneumonia progress can be described?

A.    Acute

B.    Reactivating

C.    Chronic

D.    Wavelike

E.     * Delaying

429.         nA 6 year old girl has an acute onset of fever up to 39oC with chills, ncough, and pain on respiration in the right side of her chest. On physical nexamination: HR – 120/min, BP- 85/45 mm Hg, RR- 36/min. There is dullness over nthe right lung on percussion. On X-ray: infiltrate in the right middle lobe of nthe lung. What is the diagnosis?

A.    Community-acquired lobar npneumonia of moderate severity

B.    Acute pleuritis

C.    Acute lung abscess

D.    Nosocomial lobar npneumonia

E.     * Community-acquired nbronchopneumonia

430.         nA boy, 8 years old, has addressed to pediatrician with complains of nincreasing of the body temperature to 37.5 ?С, sore throat, cough, serous discharge from nose, ntearing. During examination mild hyperemia and edema of the tonsils and back npharyngeal wall, conjunctives, narrowing of ocular slots were revealed. The nphysician suspects adenoviral infection. Which method of express-diagnostics is nbetter to use for acknowledgement of the diagnosis?

A.    The separation of the nvirus on tissue culture 

B.    Serological ninvestigation

C.    bacteriological ninvestigation

D.    Bacteriosсopy investigation of pharyngeal swab

E.     * Immunofluorescent method 

431.         nA child was born at 34 weeks of gestation in bad condition. The cardinal nsymptoms show respiratoty disorders: sound prolonged expiration, additional nmuscles taking part in breathing, crepitation rales on the background of the nrough breath sounds. Assesment according to Silverman’s scale was 0, in 3 nhours- 6 with presence of clinical data. What diagnostic method can determine npneumopathy’s type in the child?

A.    Immunologic ninvestigation

B.    Blood gases

C.    Proteinogram

D.    Blood test

E.     * Chest X-ray

432.         nA patient with nosocomial pneumonia presents signs of collapse. Which of nthe following pneumonia complications is most likely to be accompanied by ncollapse?

A.    Exudative pleuritis

B.    Bronchial obstruction

C.    Toxic hepatitis

D.    Emphysema

E.     * Septic shock

433.         nAn 18-month-old child is taken to hospital on the 4-th day of the ndisease. The disease began acutely with temperature 39 °C, weakness, cough, nreastlessness. He is pale has cyanosis, febrile temperature for more than 3 ndays. There are crepitative fine bubbling rales at the auscultation. Percussiosound is shortened in right under scapula area. X-ray picture: unhomogenous nsegmental infiltration 8-10 in the right, the increase of vascular picture, nunstructural rools. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A.    Bronchitis

B.    Bronchiolitis

C.    Interstitial pneumonia

D.    Influenza

E.     * Segmental pneumonia

434.         nIn the anamnesis of a 2-year-old girl there are recurrent pneumonias nwith signs of obstruction. There are heterogeneous moist and dry rales, nrespiration is weakened. Dense, viscous secretion is difficult to hawk. There nare “drumsticks”, physical retardation. What is the most probable ndiagnosis?

A.    Pulmonary tuberculosis

B.    Bronchial asthma

C.    Recidivating bronchitis

D.    Congenital pulmonary npolycystosis

E.     * Cystic fibrosis, npulmonary form

435.         nIn the child, 7 years old, disease has acute beginning, with increasing nof the body temperature to 39 dgr. Objectively: nhyperemia of the face, injection of sclera vessels, moderate cyanosis of the nlips. During examination of the oral cavity exists maculous exanthema on soft npalate, groiness of the back pharyngeal wall. The skin is clean, pale ntachycardia is present. What disease is most probable in this case?

A.    Measles.

B.    Typhoid fever.

C.    Hemorrhagic fever.

D.    Parainfluenza.

E.     * Influenza.

436.         nIn the infectious hospital has admitted 5 years old girl with pharyngoconjunctivitis nphenomena. The physician has suspect adenoviral infection. What method from nexpress-diagnostics is reasonable to use to prove this diagnosis?

A.    Binding complement nreaction

B.    Indirect hemaglutinatioreaction

C.    neutralization reaction

D.    Direct hemaglutinatioreaction

E.     * The fluorescence nantibody method

437.         nPediatrician was called to the 2-years old child who’s mother complaints nof a  subfebrile temperature, rhinitis, ndry cough. He is ill for 3 days. During percussion: a clear pulmonary sound nwithout dullness. During auscultation\: puerile breathing. Laboratory findings: nleukopenia, lymphocytosis, increased ESR. What disease is possible first of nall?

A.    Acute obstructive nbronchitis

B.    Acute bronchopneumonia

C.    Resedive bronchitis

D.    Acute bronchitis

E.     * Acute tracheitis

438.         nThe 5-months’ old child has subfibrile temperature, paroxysmal cough, nand dyspnea. He is hospitalized. 3 days ago he was in a contact with sister ill non acute upper respiratory tract viral infection. Objectively: the condition is nsevere skin is cyanotic, considerable expiration dyspnea, oral crepitation. nPercussion: dull sound. Auscultation\: a plenty of wet rales in both sides, nrespiratory rate is 80 per 1 minute. What disease is possible?

A.    Bronchial asthma

B.    Aspiration of a foreigbody

C.    Acute bronchitis

D.    Acute pneumonia

E.     * Bronchiolitis

439.         nThe 5-years old child has obstructive bronchitis. What drugs will be nused as a base therapy?

A.    Antibiotics

B.    Antiallergic medicine

C.    Mucolytics

D.    Hormons

E.     * Broncholytics

440.         nThe 7-years’ old child was hospitalized with complaints on wet cough. nHis condition has worsened 10 days ago. He is ill during last 4 years: viral ninfections 3-4 times per year are accompanied by bronchitis. Objectively: cough nwith slimy sputum. Percussion: a clear pulmonary sound. Auscultation: rough nbreathing, nonconstant single diffuse wet rales. X-ray: lung figure is nincreased, roots are nonstructural. What disease is possible in this case?

A.    Viral infection

B.    Acute bronchitis

C.    Acute pneumonia

D.    Chronic pneumonia

E.     * Relapsed bronchitis.

441.         nThe 9-month’s ols child was hospitalized because of severe condition. nDiagnose – bronchiolitis. What from this tells us about the severity?

A.    Neurotoxicosis

B.    Heart failure

C.    Suprarenal failure

D.    Exicosis

E.     * Respiratory failure

442.         nThe boy is 8 years old. He complains of headache, increasing of the body ntemperature to 39 ?С, and general weakness. The diagnosis is: ninfluenza, typical form, hard degree. How long bed regimen must be prescribed?

A.    3 days

B.    5 days

C.    14 days

D.    18 days

E.     * 7 days

443.         nThe child is 10 years old. He has influenza for 4 days. Objectively: slight ncyanosis of perinasal triangle, hoarseness of the voice, periodic barking ncough, inspiratory dyspnea without participation of the auxiliary muscles. nStenosing laryngotracheitis of the I stage was diagnosed. What from named nmedicine is inadvisable to use?

A.    Tavegil

B.    No-spa

C.    Reaferon

D.    Antiedematous mixture ninhalations

E.     * Prednizolon

444.         nThe child is 7 years old. He has influenza for 5 days. The condition of nthe child sharply worsened. Once again has increased the body temperature, has nappeared: moist cough with separation of mucous-purulent phlegm, dyspnea. nBreathing – 30 in 1 min. cyanosis of perioral triangle in lower parts of the nlungs, more in the right, dullness of the lung sound, moist small rales. Pulse n- 120 in 1 min., heart tones are weakened. What complication of influenza is npossible?

A.    Croup syndrome 

B.    Meningitis

C.    Myocarditis

D.    Obstructive bronchitis

E.     * Pneumonia

445.         nThe child, 1 year old, is treated in infectious department with ndiagnosis Parainfluenza. On the 2nd day of the disease his condition became worse. nThe child is excited, inspiratory dyspnea, tachypnea, tachycardia, cyanosis of nthe lips, tip of the nose and fingers, cool perspiration has appeared. nIntercostal spaces involvement is noted at breathing. What degree of larynx nstenosis is present?

A.    I

B.    II

C.    IV

D.    V

E.     * III

446.         nThe child, 11 years old, complains of increased body temperature to 39.5 n?С, cough, head ache, poor appetite, nabdominal pain. Objectively: facial hyperemia, scleritis and conjunctival nhyperemia, hyperemia and edema of the tonsils. The diagnosis of rheoviral ninfection was put. What from named medicine is inadvisable to use?

A.    Laferon

B.    Pinosol

C.    Panadol

D.    Ascorbic acid

E.     * Tetracycline

447.         nThe child, 2 years old, is treated from influenza. His conditiosuddenly became worse\: the body temperature has increased to 39.8 ?С, has appeared rough barking cough, hoarseness of the nvoice, expressed inspiratory dyspnea. Objectively: involvement of the auxiliary nmusculature in breathing, skin pallor, tachycardia. What complication of ninfluenza has developed?

A.    Pneumonia

B.    Bronchiolitis

C.    Obstructive bronchitis

D.    Pharyngitis

E.     * Croup syndrome

448.         nThe child, 5 years old, complains of\: increasing of the body ntemperature to 39.5 ?С, shivering, headache, poor sleeping. What nsingle dose of panadol should be given?

A.    0.05 g/kg

B.    0.1 g/kg

C.    0.2 g/kg

D.    0.3 g/kg

E.     * 0.01 g/kg

449.         nThe child, 5 years old, has influenza for 2 days. The child is pale, nadynamic, consciousness is matted, the body temperature is 39.5 ?С, short seizures were noted. What etiotrope medicine nwill be the most effectively?

A.    Rhemanthadin

B.    Interferon

C.    Laferon

D.    Influenza immune nglobulin

E.     * Arbidol

450.         nThe child, 6 years old, complains of increased body temperature to 38.1 n?С, nasal congestion, coughing, mild nheadache, tearing, pain and reduction of the hearing in right ear. During nexamination: face is mildly edematous, slight hyperemia and edema of the ntonsils and back pharyngeal wall. Rhinoviral infection was diagnosed. What ncomplication could be suspect in child?

A.    Sinusitis 

B.    Ethmoiditis

C.    Labiryntitis

D.    Tracheobronchitis

E.     * Middle otitis

451.         n1.5 years’ old child is ill for 1 week. Objectively: body temperature is n38.5? C, often moist cough, dyspnea in the rest. On X-ray: lungs’ roots are nbroad, infiltrated, and in both sides are little shadows. What form of an acute npneumonia corresponds this X-ray?

A.    Interstitial

B.    Monosegmental

C.    Polysegmental

D.    Crupose

E.     * Bronchopneumonia

452.         n10-years’ old child is ill for 4 days. He complaints on subfebrile ntemperature, dry cough. Objectively: pallor of the skin, red cheeks, greater oright side. Percussion: on right sight dull sound in lowest part, and iaxillar region. Auscultation: on right sight lower than angle of the scapula ndecrease of breathing, crepitating. What form of an acute pneumonia is possible nin this case?

A.    Bronchopneumonia

B.    Monosegmental

C.    Polysegmental

D.    Interstitial

E.     * Crupose

453.         n5-year old child has a persistent moist cough, deformation of left half nof the chest, pale skin, dyspnea on exertion, intercostal retractions, ndecreased breath sounds, rough respiration and local dry and bubbling rales othe left side. The examination of the blood shows leucocytosis, hyponatremia, nhypokalemia, hypoalbuminemia A chest X-ray shows increasing and deformation  of the lung pattern. Put your diagnosis

A.    Acute pneumonia

B.    Viral infection of upper nrespiratory tract

C.    Bronchopulmonary ndysplasia

D.    Bronchial Astma

E.     * Chronic pneumonia

454.         n5-years’ old child was hospitalized because of destructive pneumonia. nThe bacteriological investigation from pleural cavity has found staphylococci. nWhat antibacterial medicine is better to prescribe?

A.    Penicillin

B.    Ampicillin

C.    Erythromycin

D.    Gentamycin

E.     * Ceftriaxon

455.         nA previously healthy 13-year –old boy develops a mild pneumonia ncharacterised by a nonproductive cough. The therapy is:

A.    ventolin

B.    euphullin

C.    prednisolon

D.    salbutamol

E.     * mucalthin

456.         nIn a child, 2.5 years old, who was treated in pulmonological department nbecause of double-sided bronchopneumonia, has increased body temperature oseventh day of the treatment to 39 ?С, has appeared diarrhea. Feces are fluid dirty-green. What physician has nto do?

A.    Leave the patient in the ndepartment, perform bacteriological examination of the feces.

B.    Isolate the patient iseparate ward in this department, prescribe the etiological treatment.

C.    Send priority message isanitary station, perform the bacteriological examination of this child and ncontacts, and prescribe the etiological treatment.

D.    Perform the nbacteriological examination of this child, discharge him home for ambulatory ntreatment.

E.     * Transport the patient nin the infectious department, send priority message in sanitary station, and nperform the bacteriological examination of this child and contacts.

457.         nThe 2 years old child was hospitalized because of acute pneumonia. nDuring feeding he started to cough, become worrisome, dyspnea has appeared. nObjectively: cyanosis of mucus membranes distended left half of the thorax. nDuring percussion: on the left near top of the lung is tympanic sound, from the n3rd rib down – dull sound. What diagnosis is the most probable?

A.    Left side npyopneumothorax 

B.    Acute cardiac failure

C.    The lung abscess

D.    Perycarditis

E.     * Foreign body of the nleft bronchus

458.         nThe 4-months’ old child was hospitalized with interstitial pneumonia. nWhat bacteria cause the disease?

A.    Staphylococcus

B.    Streptococcus

C.    Pneumocysta

D.    Pneumococcus

E.     * Klebsiella

459.         nThe 5 years old boy complains of headache, high temperature of the body, ndyspnea, nonproductive cough with blood. During percussion: shortness of the nsound paraveretebrally. During auscultation\: hard breathing. On X-ray: signs nof the lungs’ infiltrated. About what disease is possible to think?

A.    Upper respiratory tract nviral infection

B.    Interstice pneumonia

C.    Obstructive bronchitis

D.    Miliar tuberculosis

E.     * Focal pneumonia

460.         nThe 5-month’s child with an acute pneumonia was hospitalized. The nclinical blood analysis is: erythrocytes 2.86 х 10??/l, Нb – 86 g/l, CI – 0.8, leucocytes 11,2 х 109/l, eosynophyles – 3 %, neutrophyles\: band forms n- 2 %, segments – 30 % lymphocytes – 58 %, monocytes – 7 %, ESR – 8 mm/hour. nName pathological changes.

A.    Lymphopenia, anemia

B.    Leucopenia, increase of nESR

C.    shift of the formula to nthe left

D.    Lymphocytosis, nmonocytosis.

E.     * Leucocytosis, anemia

461.         nThe 7-months’ old child has body temperature is 38.3° C, cyanosis of nperinasal triangle, breathing rate is 54 per minute. During percussion: ndullness of the sound paravertebrally. During auscultation: big amount of small nmoist riles all over the lungs. The most possible diagnosis is:

A.    Upper respiratory tract nviral infection

B.    Acute bronchitis

C.    Acute bronchiolitis

D.    Acute interstitial npneumonia

E.     * Acute bronchopneumonia

462.         nThe 7-years’ old child was hospitalized with complaints on: high body ntemperature 38.5?C, often moist cough, dyspnea at rest. What investigation will nresolve the diagnosis?

A.    Clinical analysis of a nblood

B.    Bacteriological ninvestigation of sputum

C.    Spirography

D.    Bronchoscopy

E.     * X-ray

463.         nThe 9 months’ old child who disturbs cough, dyspnea, subfebrile body ntemperature was examined by district pediatrician. Focal bronchopneumonia was nsuspected. What auscultation picture is typical for this case?

A.    Diffuse dry rales

B.    Rough breathing

C.    Diffuse wet rales

D.    Decrease breathing

E.     * Local wet rales

464.         nThe child is 7 years old. He has influenza for 5 days. The condition of nthe child sharply worsened. Once again has increased the body temperature, has nappeared: moist cough with separation of mucous-purulent phlegm, dyspnea. nBreathing – 30 in 1 min. cyanosis of perioral triangle in lower parts of the nlungs, more in the right, dullness of the lung sound, moist small rales. Pulse – n120 in 1 min., heart tones are weakened. What complication of influenza is npossible?

A.    Croup syndrome 

B.    Meningitis

C.    Myocarditis

D.    Obstructive bronchitis

E.     * Pneumonia

465.         nThe child, 2 years old, is treated from influenza. His conditiosuddenly became worse: the body temperature has increased to 39.8 ?С, has appeared rough barking cough, hoarseness of the nvoice, expressed inspiratory dyspnea. Objectively: involvement of the auxiliary nmusculature in breathing, skin pallor, tachycardia. What complication of ninfluenza has developed?

A.    Pneumonia

B.    Bronchiolitis

C.    Obstructive bronchitis

D.    Pharyngitis

E.     * Croup syndrome

466.         nThe child, 7 years old, has measles for 10 days. He complains of nincreasing of the body temperature to 39 ?С, general weakness, and periodic humid cough with ndischarge of the mucous phlegm. Objectively: the general condition is moderate nskin is pale with pigmented rashes. In lower parts of lungs – dull sound, small nrales. What complication of the measles has appeared in child?

A.    Tracheobronhitis

B.    Bronchitis

C.    Bronchiolitis

D.    Pharyngitis

E.     * Pneumonia

467.         n12-month old child after contact with cat has a frequent  paroxysmal, irrita-tive, nonproductive cough. nThe child appears short of breath, he tries to breathe more deeply, and the nexpiratory phase becomes prolonged and is accompanied by an audible wheezing. nHe often appears pale but have red ears. His lips are cyanotic, cyanosis nobserved in the nail beds and skin, especially around the mouth. The child is nrestless and apprehensive, and his facial expression is anxious. Sweating is nprominent as the attack pro-gresses. In history: allergy to eggs and lemons, ncats and dogs. Put your diagnosis.

A.    Acute pneumonia

B.    Respiratory virus ninfection

C.    Bronchitis

D.    Brinchiolitis

E.     * Bronchial asthma

468.         n15 minutes after the second vaccination with diphteria and tetanus ntoxoids and pertussis vaccine a 4 month old boy manifested symptoms of nQuincke’s edema. What medication should be applied for emergency aid?

A.    Adrenalin

B.    Furosemide

C.    Heparin

D.    Seduxen

E.     * Prednisolone

469.         n6-years old child nafter contact with cat has a frequent paroxysmal,irritative,nonproductive ncough.The child appears short of breath, he tries to breathe more deeply, and nthe expiratory phase becomes prolonged and is accompanied by an audible nwheezing. He often appears pale but have red ears. His lips are cyanotic, ncyanosis observed in the nail beds and skin, especially around the mouth. The nchild is restless and apprehensive, and his facial expression is anxious. nSweating is prominent as the attack progresses. In history: allergy to eggs and nlemons, cats and dogs. Put your diagnosis.

A.    Acute pneumonia

B.    Respiratory virus ninfection

C.    Bronchitis

D.    Bronchiolitis

E.     * Bronchial asthma

470.         nA 10 y.o. patient with bronchial asthma experiences dyspnea attacks 3-4 ntimes a week. Nocturnal attacks once a week. FEV1 — 50% of necessary figures, nduring the day it’s variations is 25%. What is the severity of bronchial nasthma?

A.    Mild

B.    Asthmatic status

C.    Severe

D.    Intermittent course

E.     * Moderate

471.         nA 15-year-old female was admitted to resuscitation department iasthmatic status. What is the most trustworthy criterion of breath neffectiveness?

A.    Determination of n”dead” space

B.    Minute respiratory nvolume

C.    Respiration rate

D.    Respiratory volume

E.     * PaCO2 and PaO2

472.         nA 16-year-old adolescent was vaccinated with DTP. In eight days there nwas stiffness and pain in the joints, subfebrile temperature, urticarial skieruption, enlargement of inguinal, cervical lymph nodes and spleen. What kind nof allergic reaction is observed?

A.    Hypersensitivity of ndelayed type

B.    Cytoxic

C.    Combined

D.    Hypersensitivity of nimmediate type

E.     * Immunecomplex

473.         nA 17-year-old patient is sick with bronchial asthma for 10 years. nRecenlty asthmatic attacks occur 4-5 times per week, night attacks -2-3 times nper month. To stop attacks, the patient takes salbutamol. On physical exam\: ncondition is relatively satisfactory. RR – 20/min, Ps is 76 bpm, BP -120/80 mm nHg. Respiration in lungs is vesicular. Cardiac sounds are muted, rhythm is nnormal. What medication should be prescribed to prevent attacks of bronchial nasthma on the first stage?

A.    Tabletted ncorticosteroids

B.    Regular dose of nsalbutamol

C.    Injection of ncorticosteroids

D.    Inhalatiocorticosteroids

E.     * Cromoglycat sodium

474.         nA 16-year-old patient is hospitalized with complaints of expiratiodyspnoe after work at summer residence. Physical examination: condition of nmoderate severity. He sits resting his hands on the seat-back. Ps — 102 bpm, BP n140/90 mmHg. RR — 32/min. Percussion reveals lung sound with box tone. nHeterogeneous multiple dry rales are auscultated. Heart work is regular. Which nimmunoglobulin plays leading role in development of this pathological ncondition?

A.    IgG

B.    lgD

C.    IgM

D.    IgA

E.     * IgE

475.         nA 6-year-old asthmatic child is brought to the emergency room because of nsevere coughing and wheezing during the prior 24 h. The child has been taking ntheophylline without relief. Physical examination reveals a child who is nanxious, has intercostal and suprasternal retractions, expiratory wheezing nthroughout all lung fields, and RR 60/min. Initial treatment may include the nadministration of which of the following?

A.    Parenteral gentamicyn

B.    Parenteral phenobarbital

C.    N-acetyl cysteine and ncromolyn by inhaler

D.    Intravenous fluids ithe first 2 h to correct a water deficiency.

E.     * Subcutaneous nepinephrine

476.         nA 7-year-old boy has an attack of asphyxia and distant whistling rale nafter playing with a dog. History: atopic dermatitis caused by eating eggs, nchicken, beef. What group of allergens is the reason of the development of nbronchial asthma attacks?

A.    Itch mite

B.    Chemical

C.    Pollen

D.    Dust

E.     * Epidermal

477.         nA 9 year old girl with a history of intermittent wheezing for several nyears is brought to the pediatrician. The child has been taking no medications nfor some time. Physical examination reveals agitation and perioral cyanosis. nIntercostal and suprasternal retractions are present. The breath sounds are nquiet, and wheezing is audible bilaterally. The child is admitted to the nhospital. Appropriate interventions might include all of the following EXCEPT:

A.    Prescribe intravenous ncorticosteroids

B.    Prescribe intravenous naminophylline

C.    Prescribe nebulized nmetaproterenol

D.    Administer supplemental noxygen

E.     * Prescribe nebulized ncromolyn sodium

478.         nA patient, aged 14, is suffering from an asthmatic fit with nnonproductive cough and skin itch after diclofenac intake. In medical history: nurticaria. On examination: edematous face, swelling of the cervical veins, the npatient is supporting himself in a seated position, audible stridor breathing. nWhat is the most likely diagnosis?

A.    Cardiac asthma

B.    Nervous asthma

C.    Diclofenac tablet naspiration

D.    Bronchial asthma

E.     * Quincke’s edema

479.         nA youth, aged 15, from childhood suffers from atopic dermatitis and nallergy to the shellfish. In the last 3 months after acquiring aquarium fish, nrhinitis, conjunctivitis, itching in the nose developed. What level of nimmunologic index should be defined in this case?

A.    IgM

B.    lgA

C.    IgJ

D.    Circulating nimmunocomplexes

E.     * IgE

480.         nAfter a wasp-bite there was an itching of skin, hoarse voice, barking ncough, anxiety. On physical exam: there is edema of lips, eyelids, cyanosis. nWhat medicine is to be taken first?

A.    Adrenalin

B.    Euphylin

C.    Lasix

D.    Seduxen

E.     * Prednisolone

481.         nAn 18-month-old child is taken to hospital on the 4-th day of the ndisease. The disease began acutely with temperature 39 °C, weakness, cough, nreastlessness. He is pale has cyanosis, febrile temperature for more than 3 ndays. There are crepitative fine bubbling rales at the auscultation. Percussiosound is shortened in right under scapula area. X-ray picture: unhomogenous nsegmental infiltration 8-10 in the right, the increase of vascular picture, nunstructural rools. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A.    Bronchitis

B.    Bronchiolitis

C.    Interstitial pneumonia

D.    Influenza

E.     * Segmental pneumonia

482.         nIn the 7 months’ old girl after examination was diagnosed exudative ndiathesis. What changes in the blood analysis give us the possibility to prove nthis diagnosis?

A.    Anemia

B.    Lymphocytosis

C.    Neutrophylosis

D.    Erythremia

E.     * Eosynophylia

483.         n?Red spots and excoriations after them have appeared on the cheeks of nthe breast fed 6 months’ old child after giving him second prefeeding (10 % nporridge). This is exudative diathesis. How to name such changes on the skin? 

A.    Gneiss

B.    Strophulus

C.    Pseudofurunculosis 

D.    Vesiculopustulosis

E.     * Lactescent (milk) crust

484.         nThe 6 months old child is breast feded. After introduction of the yolk nhas appeared spotted-papulous rash on the whole body, hyperemia of cheeks with nelements of the hulling, moist areas and excoriations. What clinical form of nexudative diathesis has the child?

A.    Erythemathosis

B.    Papulosis

C.    Vesiculo-pustulosis

D.    Milk crust

E.     * Exema

485.         nThe child of 10 years has bronchial asthma during 5 years. Attack nperiods appear in summer during courseering. In period between attacks the nchild needs such treatment:

A.    Antiinflammatory

B.    Antibacterial

C.    Broncholitics

D.    Mucolitics

E.     * Corticosteroid ninhalators

486.         nThe child of 10 years has bronchial asthma during 5 years. An attack nperiod was more than 6 hours. It is necessary to prescribe:

A.    Prednizolon

B.    Іntal

C.    Euphyllin

D.    Еfedrin

E.     * Adrenalin

487.         n487.      To the child of 6 years nbronchial asthma for the first time was diagnosed. After liquidation of   attack period it was decided to prescribe nantiinflammatory therapy. It is necessary to give:

A.    Aspirin

B.    Diclophenac

C.    Prednizolon

D.    Іndomethacin

E.     * Іntal

488.         nThe child of 8 years ill on asthma bronchial during 5 years, 5-6 times nper year lays in hospital. In period of remission child need:

A.    Normal movement regime

B.    Bed regime

C.    Organization of school lessons nat home

D.    To withdraw physical nculture from school plan

E.     * Special group of nphysical culture

489.         nThe child of 9 years has complaints during the last 5 years to hard nbreathing during contacts with cats and dogs 2-3 times per year, every time- n20-40 minutes. Improvement appearing itself or after eufilin.  It is necessary to prescribe such nhyposensibilization therapy:

A.    Dimedrol

B.    Diazolin

C.    Prednizolon

D.    Adrenalin

E.     * Claritin

490.         nIn 10 years old girl with steadfast arthritis of the right knee, both nhands and feet is diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis, polyarticular form with nmoderate degree of the activity. What from these will help to confirm the ndiagnosis most faithfully?

A.    Hyperazotemia

B.    Presence of LE-cells iblood

C.    Hypergammaglobulinemia

D.    Thrombocytopenia

E.     * C-reactive protein

491.         n10-year old girl was hospitalized to the children’s department with a npain, localized in the joints, high body temperature, muscle weakness, ndysfunctional speech. Mother notes that symptoms are developed 2 weeks ago nafter attack of pharyngitis. Auscultation picture – tachycardia, blowing mitral nmurmur. Laboratory examination shows leucocytosis l0xl09n 1 liter, erythrocyte nsedimentation rate 30 mm/hour C-reactive protein “+++”. Put your ndiagnosis.

A.    Nonrheumatic ncarditis.  

B.    Exudative perycarditis

C.    Septic endomyocarditis

D.    Fibroelastosis of nendomyocardium

E.     * Rheumatism, nmyocarditis, acute duration

492.         n9 years old girl has rheumatoid arthritis, system form that manifests by nexpressed deformation and pain in knees, feet joints, cervical part of the nspine, high temperature, diffuse urticaria, pancarditis, hepatosplenomegaly. nESR is 30 mm/hour, CRP (+++), seromucoid 1.5 IU. What from these is the most nexpedient in treatment?

A.    Methothrexat

B.    Aspirin

C.    Macropen

D.    Delagyl

E.     * Prednisolone npulse-therapy

493.         nA 10 y.o. patient of rheumatic heart disease complains of anorexia, nweakness and loss of weight, breathless and swelling of feet. On examination: nt° — 39° С, pulse is 120/min. Ascultation: diastolic nmurmur in the mitral area. Petechical lesion a round clavicle spleen was npalpable, tooth extraction one month ago.

A.    Recurrence of rheumatic nfever

B.    Mitral stenosis

C.    Thrombocytopenia purpure

D.    Aortic stenosis

E.     * Subacute bacterial nendocarditis

494.         nA 10-year-old boy complains of joint pain and impossibility of movement nin left knee and right elbow. 2 weeks ago he had tonsillitis Physical nexamination: t – 38,5°C and ankle dysfunction, enlargement of cardiac dullness non 2 cm, tachycardia, weakness of Sound 1, gallop rhythm, weak systolic murmur nnear apex. Which diagnosis corresponds to such symptoms?

A.    Reactive arthritis

B.    Juvenile rheumatoid narthritis

C.    Reiter’s disease

D.    Systemic lupus nerythematosus

E.     * Acute rheumatic heart ndisease

495.         nA 12 year old patient complains of rest dyspnea, heart pains. 3 years nago he had myocardial infarction. Physical examination: orthopnea, nacrocyanosis, swollen cervical veins. Ps – 92, total heart enlargement, the nliver is enlarged by 7 cm, shin edema. What is the stage of chronic heart nfailure (CHF)?

A.    CHF- 3

B.    CHF- 2 А

C.    CHF- 0

D.    CHF- 1

E.     * CHF- 2 B

496.         nA 14 year old female fell ill 3 months ago after cold exposure. She ncomplained of pain in her hand and knee joints, morning stiffness and fever up nto 38oC. Interphalangeal, metacarpophalangeal and knee joints are swollen, hot, nwith reduced ranges of motions ESR of 45 mm/h, CRP (+++), Vaaler-Rouse test of n1:128. What group of medicines would you recommend the patient?

A.    Sulfonamides

B.    Tetracyclines

C.    Fluorchinolones

D.    Cephalosporines

E.     * Nonsteroidal nanti-inflammatory drugs

497.         nA 14 year old patient complains of chest pain, temperature up to 38,5oC, nbreathlessness. He had acute tonsillitis 2 weeks ago. He is in grave condition. nThe skin is pale. Heart borders are dilated, heart sounds are quiet. Above ntotal heart area you can hear pericardium friction sound. Electrocardiogram\: nthe descent of QRS voltage, the inversiont. The liver is enlarged by 3 cm. ESR n- 4 mm/h, ASL – 0 – 1260, C-reactive protein +++. Your diagnosis:

A.    Septic endocarditis

B.    Rheumatic endocarditis

C.    Rheumatic pericarditis

D.    Rheumatic myocarditis

E.     * Rheumatic pancarditis

498.         nA 15 y.o. female with rheumatoid arthritis of five years duratiocomplains of pain in the first three fingers of her right hand over past 6 nweeks. The pain seems especially severe at night often awakening her from nsleep. The most likely cause is?

A.    Atlanto-axial nsubluxation of cervical spine

B.    Sensory peripheral nneuropathy

C.    Rheumatoid vasculitis

D.    Rheumatoid arthritis nwithout complication

E.     * Carpal tunnel syndrome

499.         nA 16 y.o. male patient complains of pain in knee and ankle joints, ntemperature elevation to 39, 5°C. He had a respiratory disease 1,5 week ago. Oexamination: temperature — 38,5°C, swollen knee and ankle joints, pulse — 106 nbpm, rhythmic, AP — 90/60 mm Hg, heart borders without changes, sounds are nweakened, soft systolic apical murmur. What indicator is connected with npossible etiology of the process?

A.    Seromucoid

B.    Creatinkinase

C.    1-antitrypsine

D.    Rheumatic factor

E.     * Antistreptolysine-0

500.         nA 7 y.o. child had elevation of temperature tol 40°C in anamnesis. For nthe last 3 months he presents fusiform swelling of fingers, ankle joints and nknee joint, pain in the upper part of the sternum and cervical part of the nspinal column. What is the most probable diagnosis?

A.    Septic arthritis

B.    Toxic synovitis

C.    Rheumatism

D.    Osteoarthrits

E.     * Juvenile rheumatic narthritis

501.         nA 8-year-old boy has suffered from tonsillitis. In 2 weeks he started ncomplaining of migratory joint pain, edema of joints, restriction of movements, nfever. On examination, an acute rheumatic heart disease, activity of the III-rd ndegree, primary rheumocarditis, polyarthritis acute course of disease, ncardiovascular failure IIA. What medication is to be prescribed?

A.    Erythromycin

B.    Cefazolin

C.    Diprazinum

D.    Delagyl

E.     * Prednisone

502.         nA boy, aged 10, is under treatment in cardiological unit on account of nrheumatic fever. The first onset of the decease. Discharged in the satisfactory ncondition. What medication is the most expedient for secondary rheumatism nprevention?

A.    Erythromycin

B.    Bicillin-1

C.    Ampicillin

D.    Oxacillin

E.     * Bicillin-5

503.         nA17 y.o. patient complains of acute pain in the knee joint and t°- 38°C. nHe was ill with angina 3 weeks ago. Objectively: deformation and swelling of nthe knee joints with skin hyperemia. Small movement causes an acute pain in the njoints. Which diagnose is the most correct?

A.    Reactive polyarthritis

B.    Systemic lupus neritematodes

C.    Rheumathoid arthritis

D.    Infectious-allergic npolyarthritis

E.     * Rheumatism, npolyarthritis

504.         nAn 8 year old girl complains about joint pain, temperature rise up to n38oC, dyspnea. Objectively\: the left cardiac border is deviated by 2,5 cm to nthe left, tachycardia, systolic murmur on the apex and in the V point are npresent. Blood count\: leukocytes – 20,0*109/l, ESR – 18 mm/h. What sign gives nthe most substantial proof for rheumatism diagnosis?

A.    Fever

B.    Accelerated ESR

C.    Leukocytosis

D.    Arthralgia

E.     * Carditis

505.         nDuring laboratory examinations of the 13-years old boy with rheumatic ncarditis and polyarthritis was found\: leukocytes 10х10 9/l, ESR 26 mm/hour, CRP ++, seromucoid 0,45 units, nsyalic acids 230 units, antystreptolysin O 420 units. What degree of the ndisease activity?

A.    1st degree

B.    3rd degree

C.    4th degree

D.    5th degree

E.     * 2nd degree

506.         nIn 14 years old boy rheumatism, the 3rd stage activity, remittent ncarditis with cardiac insufficiency, continuously-recedive duration was ndiagnosed. What is a secondary preventive maintenance after discharge from the nhospital?

A.    Bicyllin preventioduring 3 years

B.    Current Bicylliprevention during intr\ercurrent diseases

C.    The primary preventive nmaintenance

D.    Current Bicylliprevention 

E.     * Bicyllin preventioduring 5 years

507.         nIn 14 years old girl is diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis, mono articular nform that manifests by deformation of the left feet joint over 6 months, nmorning awkwardness. ANA are positive in blood serum. What complication is the nmost possible to reveal in such form of disease?

A.    Stomatitis

B.    Pulmonitis

C.    Nephritis

D.    Carditis

E.     * Uveitis

508.         nIn 2 weeks after pharyngitis a 15- year-old patient started complaining nof rise in temperature to 33°C, fatigue, shortness of breath during walking, nmigrating joint intumescence and pain . On physical exam: cyanosis of lips, npulse is weak, rhythmical, 100 bpm. The left heart border is moved outwards nfrom mediaclavicular line for 1 cm. Sound I on the apex is weakened, soft nsystolic murmur is auscultated. What etiologic factor caused this pathological nprocess in the most probable way?

A.    Virus

B.    Staphylococcus

C.    Pneumococcus

D.    Fungus

E.     * Beta hemolytic nstreptococcus

509.         nIn the boy, 2 years old, exists: high temperature (39 – 40 oC), which ndominates in the night, does not fall after using antipyretics edema and nrestriction of movements in feet joints rashes on the face, trunk and limbs. He nis ill for 10 days. The disease has begun acutely with increasing of the ntemperature and catarrhal phenomena. Objectively: general condition is severe, nthe child is faded, drowsy on cheeks, abdomen and hips diffuse papulous rashes nfeet joints are painful, edematous, hot when palpated the heart borders are nenlarged, tachycardia, hepatosplenomegaly. What is the most probable diagnosis?

A.    Rheumatism

B.    Systemic lupus nerythematosus  

C.    Alergosepsis

D.    Pseudotuberculosis

E.     * JRA, Still nsyndrome  

510.         nThe boy, 5 years old, notes the edema, pain, restriction of the nmovements in feet and wrists joints. He is ill for 2.5 months, has got the ntreatment\: erythromycin, aspirin, bicillin-1, but improvement did not napproach, 2 days ago has noted the pain in cervical part of the spinal cord. nWhat is the most probable diagnosis?

A.    Spondylitis deformans n(Bechterew’s disease)

B.    JRA, Still syndrome

C.    Reiter syndrome

D.    Rheumatism

E.     * JRA, polyarticular form

511.         nThe boy, 6 years old, has rheumatoid arthritis, polyarticular form  (deformation and morning awkwardness in both nelbows, hands, left knee joint). He suffer from the disease during 1 year, the ncombination of ibuprofen and plaquenil is not effective. What is most nreasonable to prescribe for long-term therapy?

A.    Aspirin

B.    Azulfadine

C.    Delagyl

D.    Prednisolopulse-therapy

E.     * Methothrexat

512.         nThe child is four years old. The disease has begun 3 weeks ago, from ntemperature 39 ?С. During the day temperature changed o2-2.5 ?С, reduction was accompanied with nperspiration. Periodically appeared pink rash, different in size and nlocalization joints (knees, feet, hands) were painful and edematous, their nfunction was poor. The pain lasted 1-2 days. Objectively: the temperature is 39 n?С, liver +2 cm, spleen +1 cm, all groups of nlymph nodes are palpated. Feet joints are painful, movements in them are vastly nlimited. The blood test\: Hb 112 g/l, er. 3.9х1012 l, leukocytes 12.9х109/l, e.- 6%, b.-1%, s.- 48%, l.-35%, m.-10%, ESR 54 nmm/hour. Indicate the most reliable diagnosis.

A.    JRA, subsepsis

B.    Systemic lupus nerythematosus 

C.    Reactive arthritis

D.    Rheumatism, active phase n

E.     * JRA, Still nsyndrome  

513.         nThe girl is 4 years. She has entered in clinic with complaints on paiand edema in right knee and hand joints, morning stiffness (limitation of nmotions), quick malaise, subfebril temperature. She is ill during 4 months, nthis disease connected with influenza. The disease has begun with damage of the nknee joint, the girl received the aspirin, but ineffectively. In 3 months the nprocess extended to hand joints. Put the previous diagnosis

A.    Rheumatism

B.    Infectious-allergic narthritis

C.    Systemic lupus nerythematosus 

D.    Systemic scleroderma

E.     * Rheumatoid arthritis

514.         n514.      The girl, 12 years old, nhas entered in clinic with diagnosis Rheumatism. She is ill for 2 months, ndisease has begun acutely with high temperature, headache, and spotted-papulous nrashes on trunk, in a week was joined pain in all groups of joints and in spine. nObjectively: diffuse pallor of the skin and mucous membranes, ample rashes otrunk, myocarditis, ESR-28 mm/hour, CRP (++++),   CCP-test is positive, antistreptolysin-O ntiter is negative. There is enlargement of peripheral lymph nodes, nhepatosplenomegaly, joints are of usual form, movements are moderately limited nbecause of pain. The treatment of the rheumatism was slight effective. What is nthe most probable diagnosis?

A.    Alergosepsis

B.    Systemic lupus nerythematosus   

C.    Leukemia

D.    Tuberculosis

E.     * JRA, Still nsyndrome  

515.         nTo the 10-years old boy rheumatism, the active phase, 3rd st. activity, nendomyocarditis, polyarthritis, acute duration, cardiac insufficiency 2A st. nwas diagnosed. What from these schemes is correct?

A.    Prednisolon 1 mg/kg 10 ndays, with the following reduction of the dose

B.    Prednisolon 1 mg/kg 10 ndays

C.    Prednisolon 2 mg/kg 10 ndays

D.    Prednisolon 2,5 mg/kg nmasses 10 days, with the following reduction of the dose.

E.     * Prednisolon 2 nmg/kg  10 days, with the following nreduction of the dose

516.         n11 years old boy. Diagnosis: “Rheumatic fever, active phase, nendomyocarditis, acute duration”. Indicate the main treatment.

A.    Hormons, nantiinflammatory preparations

B.    Antibacterial therapy, nhormons

C.    Antibacterial, nantiinflammatory, symptomatic therapy

D.    Antibacterial, antiinflammatory ntherapy.

E.     * Antibacterial, nantiinflammatory, symptomatic therapy, hormons

517.         nTo the 12-years old girl was diagnosed rheumatism, the active phase 3rd nst. of activity, endomyocarditis, polyarthritis, acute duration, cardiac ninsufficiency 2B st. What changes on ECG are typical for this case?

A.    Blocade of the left ndrumstick of the Gis bunch 

B.    Lengthenings of the nsegment PQ

C.    Voltage reduction

D.    Blocade of the right ndrumstick of the Gis bunch

E.     * Voltage reduction, nlengthening of the segment PQ, overloading of the left ventricle, brady- or ntachyarrythmia

518.         nTo the 9-year old girl who has systemic form of rheumatoid arthritis, nwith high temperature, languor, urticarial rashes on skin, lymphadenopathy, nhepatomegaly, diffuse damage of large and middle-sized joints, was prescribed nprednisolon pulse-therapy. In the beginning of the treatment the most nreasonable is to combine it with:

A.    Auranofin

B.    Antibiotics

C.    Enterosorbents

D.    Polyvitamines

E.     * Aspirin

519.         nTo the12-years old girl was diagnosed rheumatism, active phase, 1st nstage activity, chorea, acute duration. What from these schemes of nantiinflammatory treatment is correct?

A.    Aspirin 100 mg/kg 3-4 nweeks.

B.    Aspirin 100 mg/kg, nprednisolon 2 mg/kg/day

C.    Penicillin 30 000 IU/kg, nprednisolon 2 mg/kg/day

D.    Prednisolon 2 mg/kg 10 ndays, with the following reduction of the dose.

E.     * Aspirin 50 mg/kg 3-4 nweeks, afterwards 2/3 doses – 2 weeks

520.         n1,5 years girl was administrated to hospital with defect of nintraventricular septum, decompensation, cardiac insufficiency 2B stage. Dose nof digoxin saturation is:

A.    0,01-0,02 mg\kg\day

B.    0,03-0,04 mg\kg\day

C.    0,07-0,08 mg\kg\day

D.    0,09-0,1 mg\kg\day

E.     * 0,05-0,06 mg\kg\day

521.         n1,5 years old girl with problematic obstetrics anamnesis, decrease of nphysical development, deficiency of mass 24%.  nDuring objective examination: paleness of skin and mucous, quantity of nbreathing-52 per minute with participation of additional muscles, cardiomegaly, nliver +4sm, and quantity of heart beating-145, edema. What disease can you nsuspect?

A.    Rheumatic myocarditis

B.    Acute no rheumatic ncarditis

C.    Exudative perycarditis

D.    Hereditary nonrheumatic ncarditis

E.     * Fibroelastosis

522.         n10 month old child was hospitalized with complaints on weakness, nanxiety, and refusal of foods. He is ill by the upper respiratory tract viral ninfection. His condition grew worse on the 3rd day of the disease. nObjectively\: pallor of the skin, moderate per oral cyanosis, dyspnea, cardiac nrate is 156 per 1 min., left border of the heart is on the front axillary line, ncardiac activity is rhythmic. On ECG – sinus tachycardia, overloading of left nventricle, myocardial hypoxia. The biochemical blood test is prescribed. What nchange is possible to expect?

A.    Increasing of the AST nand ALT level

B.    Hypercholesterolemia

C.    Presence of the nC-reactive protein

D.    Hypoglycemia

E.     * Increasing of the LDG1 nlevel

523.         n2 years boy has acute norheumatic carditis. What dose of prednisolone nmust be at the beginning of treatment?

A.    2 mg\kg\day

B.    3 mg\kg\day

C.    1 mg\kg\day

D.    5 mg\kg\day

E.     * 0,5 mg\kg\day

524.         n7 months girl has defect of intraventricular septum. During objective nexamination: dyspnoe, exiting, cough, the great quantity of moist rales ilungs, quantity of breathing is 84 per min, and quantity of heart beating is n160 per min, liver +3sm, edema of legs, cardiomegaly. What stage of cardiac ninsufficiency in this case?

A.    1A

B.    1B

C.    2A

D.    3

E.     * 2B

525.         nA 10 y.o. patient of rheumatic heart disease complains of anorexia, nweakness and loss of weight, breathless and swelling of feet. On examination: nt° — 39° С, pulse is 120/min. Ascultation: diastolic nmurmur in the mitral area. Petechical lesion a round clavicle spleen was npalpable, tooth extraction one month ago.

A.    Recurrence of rheumatic nfever

B.    Mitral stenosis

C.    Thrombocytopenia purpure

D.    Aortic stenosis

E.     * Subacute bacterial nendocarditis

526.         nA 10 year old girl ill with influenza felt palpitation and dull cardiac npain during moderate physical exercise. Objectively: Ps – 106 bpm, AP – 80/45 nmm Hg. The first sound is quiet above the apex, soft systolic murmur is npresent. What complication is indicated by these clinical presentations?

A.    Acute allergic ninfectious myocarditis

B.    Myocardiopathy

C.    Idiopathic myocarditis

D.    Neurocirculatory ndystonia

E.     * Acute viral myocarditis n

527.         nA 10-year-old patient complains of shortness of breath, pain in the nright rib arc place, dry cough and leg edema. He has been ill for 2 months. He nwas treated for rheumatic fever without effect. On exam: cyanosis, edema of the nlegs, t – 36,6°C, RR 28/min, HR 90/min, BP 90/50 mm Hg. Bilateral pulmonary nrales on lower lungs. Heart borders are displaced to the left and to the right. nCardiac sounds are weakened, systolic murmur above the apex. What is the most nlikely preliminary diagnosis?

A.    Infectious endocarditis

B.    Rheumatic fever, mitral nstenosis

C.    Acute myocarditis

D.    Acute pericarditis

E.     * Dilated (congestive) ncardiomyopathy

528.         nA 12 year old patient complains of rest dyspnea, heart pains. 3 years nago he had myocardial infarction. Physical examination: orthopnea, nacrocyanosis, swollen cervical veins. Ps – 112, total heart enlargement, the nliver is enlarged by 7 cm, shin edema. What is the stage of chronic heart nfailure (CHF)?

A.    CHF- 3

B.    CHF- 2 А

C.    CHF- 0

D.    CHF- 1 

E.     * CHF- 2 B

529.         nA 13 y.o. female complains of shooting heart pain, dyspnea, and nirregularities in the heart activity, progressive fatigue during 3 weeks. She nhad acute respiratory disease a month ago. On examination: AP-120/80 mm Hg, nheart rate 108 bpm, heart boarders +1,5 cm left side, sounds are muffled, soft nsystolic murmur at apex and Botkin’s area sporadic extrasystoles. Liver isn’t npalpated, there is no edema. Blood test: WBC — 6,7*109/L, sedimentation rate-21 nmm/hour. What is the most probable diagnosis?

A.    Rheumatism, mitral ninsufficiency

B.    Climacteric nmyocardiodystrophia

C.    Ichemic heart disease, nangina pectoris

D.    Hypertrophic ncardiomyopathy

E.     * Acute myocarditis

530.         nA 14 y.o. female is suffering from squeezing substernal pain on physical nexertion. On examination: AP-130/80 mm Hg, heart rate * pulse rate 72 bpm, nheart boarders are dilated to the left side, aortic systolic murmur. ECG-signs nof the left venticle hypertrophy. What method of examination is the most ninformative in this case?

A.    Sphygmography

B.    Phonocardiography

C.    X-ray

D.    Coronarography

E.     * Echocardiography

531.         nA 17-year-old male complains of shortness of breath, swelling on shanks, nirregularity in cardiac work, and pain in the left chest half with irradiatioto the left scapula. Treatment is ineffective. On physical exam\: heart’s nsounds are diminished, soft systolic murmur on the apex. Ps — 100/min, narrhythmical, BP – 115/75 mm Hg. The liver is +2 cm, painful. Roentgenoscopy: nenlargement of heart shadow to all sides, pulsation is weak. Electrocardiogram n(ECG): leftventricled extrasystolia, decreased voltage. What method of ninvestigation is necessary to do to determine the diagnosis?

A.    Coronarography

B.    X-ray kymography

C.    Veloergometry

D.    ECG in the dynamics

E.     * Echocardiography

532.         nA 5-year-old child with stigmas of dysembryogenesis (small chin, thick nlips, opened mouth, hyperthelorismus) has systolic murmur in the second nintercostal to the right of the sternum. The murmur passes to the neck and nalong the sternum left edge. The pulse on the left brachial artery is weakened. nBP on the right arm is 110/60 mm Hg, on the left -100/60 mm Hg. ECG results: nhypertrophy of the right ventricle. What congenital heart disease is the most nprobable?

A.    Patent ductus arteriosus

B.    Ventricular septal ndefect

C.    Atrial septal defect

D.    Coarctation of the aorta

E.     * Aortic stenosis

533.         nA 5-year-old girl has a small ventricular septal defect (VSD). Her ngrowth and development are normal, and she has normal activity levels. Which of nthe following is a true statement?

A.    Her ECG demonstrated natrial enlargement due to the left-to-right shunt

B.    Her pulmonary vascular nresistance is increased

C.    The ventricular septal ndefect may close spontaneously

D.    The heart size is normal n

E.     * She does not need nendocarditis prophylaxis before dental work because the  shunt is small

534.         nA female patient, aged 15. Two weeks after npneumonia developed shortness of breath during walking, constant ache iprecardiac area, skin edema. On examination: t°*37, 2°C, Heart borders nwithout changes, Sound 1 on the apex is weakened. ECG: atrioventricular heart nblock I degree, lowering of the amplitude of T wave in V2-V6. In blood: Hb – n124 g/L, WBC – 5, 68 * 109/L, ESR -18 mm/h. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A.    CHD: unstable angina

B.    Infective endocarditis

C.    Pulmonary embolism

D.    Metabolic cardiopathy

E.     * Acute myocarditis

535.         nA patient, aged 9, complains of fever of 37,5oC, heart pain, dyspnea. S1 nis clapping S2 is accentuated in the aortic area opening snap, presystolic nmurmur can be auscultated. What is the most efficient examination for valvular ndisorder assessment?

A.    Ballistocardiogram

B.    Chest X-ray

C.    Phonocardiography

D.    ECG

E.     * Echocardiography + nDoppler-Echocardiography

536.         nDuring dynamic investigation of a patient the increase of central venous npressure is combined with the decrease of arterial pressure. What process is nproved by such combination?

A.    Depositing of blood ivenous channel

B.    Presence of hypervolemia

C.    Shunting

D.    Increase of bleeding nspeed

E.     * Developing of cardiac ninsufficiency

537.         nDuring examination of 1 year child next findings were observed: mild nperioral cyanosis, respiratory rate is 47 per min., pulse rate is 144 nbeats/min., auscultation: normal lung sound, diminished heart sounds and rough nsystolic murmur on the apex and Erb’s point hepatomegaly +2 cm, moderate edema non legs. Such clinical findings are character to:

A.    The I degree of heart nfailure

B.    The II B degree of heart nfailure

C.    The III degree of heart nfailure

D.    The 0 degree of heart nfailure

E.     * The II A degree of nheart failure

538.         nDuring examination of 6 years child next findings were observed: nacrocyanosis, respiratory rate is 31 per min., pulse rate is 119 beats/min., nauscultation: moist rales in the lungs, diminished heart sounds and rough nsystolic murmur on the apex and Erb’s point hepatomegaly +4 cm, marked edema, noliguria. Such clinical findings are character for:

A.    The I degree of heart nfailure

B.    The II A degree of heart nfailure

C.    The III degree of heart nfailure

D.    The 0 degree of heart nfailure

E.     * The II B degree of nheart failure

539.         nDuring examination of the 4 months old boy were revealed\: cardiomegaly, nsteadfast tachyarrythmia, stagnant rales in both lungs, dyspnea, increased nliver to 3 cm. Early inborn carditis was diagnosed. What stage of the cardiac ninsufficiency has this child?

A.    1st st

B.    2A st

C.    3rd st

D.    4th st

E.     * 2-B st

540.         nIn 12 years old girl was diagnosed chronic nonrheumatic carditis, ncardiac insufficiency of the 3rd stage. What plaquenil dose must be used ithis case?

A.    5 mg/kg/day

B.    10 mg/kg/day

C.    2 mg/kg/day

D.    0,5 mg/kg/day

E.     * 8 mg/kg/day

541.         nIn 6 months boy it is diagnosed tetralogy of  Fallot , last month were observed dyspnoe-cyanose nattacks. What it is necessary to prescribe to the boy?

A.    Digoxin

B.    Еуphyllin

C.    Lasix

D.    Riboxin

E.     * Capoten

542.         nParents of the 7-year-old boy come to the neurologist with complaints odecrease in his movement activity, disturbance of walking. These complaints ndeveloped gradually, without any reason. At examination:  irregularity of development of the upper and nlower parts of body,  hypotonia of nmuscles of the feet, an absent pulsation on the femoral arteries, systolic nmurmur in intrascapular region. What pathology may be suspected in  the patient?

A.    Kawasaki disease 

B.    Takajasu disease 

C.    Aneurysm of aorta

D.    Nothing of these

E.     * Coartation of the aorta

543.         nSix-month boy with often unproductive cough, irritibility, poor nappetite, dyspnea. He was treated twice with pneumonia, was born  with weight 3,200 now  a weight deficit is 18 %, skin is cyanotic, nthe dyspnea, RR -48/min., in mild asperous breathing with rales, left-hand nborder of heart on forward axially line, systolic a noise in V point, is nconducted in scapular segment, pulse – 148/min. Accent ІІ of tone above pulmonary artery. What diagnosis  is possible to suspect?

A.    Cystic fibrosis

B.    Bronhiolitis

C.    Hereditary carditis

D.    Acute pneumonia

E.     * Congenital heart ndisease with the left-to-right shunt

544.         nSuch signs as: severe dyspnoe – increase of  breathing rate ( 70-100% from norm), increase nof  heart  nrate ( 25-40% from norm), enlargement of  nliver, severe  cardiomegalia, nmoist rales, edema, anasarca are characterized  nfor cardiac failure of:

A.    І stage

B.    ІІ-A stage

C.    ІІ-B stage

D.    І–ІІ stage

E.     * ІІІ– stage

545.         nThe 10 year old girl has the frequent headache, dizziness, noise iears. Such complaints are present during 6 months with the tendency to increase nphysical development is  normal, a nhypersthenic constitution, cardiomegalia, systolic murmur on the apex,  tachycardia. Arterial pressure -180/100 mm nHg. What diagnosis is the most probable in this case?

A.    Essentsial hypertension

B.    Renal hypertension

C.    Stenosis of aorta

D.    Pheochromocytoma

E.     * Coartation of aorta

546.         nThe 11 years old boy complains of the general weakness, dyspnea, fault nand pain in the heart area during emotional and physical load. After objective nand laboratory-instrumental examination acute nonrheumatic carditis with damage nof the conduction system of the heart was diagnosed. What changes on ECG are ntypical in this case?

A.    Moderate hypertrophy of nthe left ventricle

B.    Significant hypertrophy nof the left ventricle

C.    Significant hypertrophy nof the right ventricle

D.    Hypoxia of myocardium

E.     * Blockade of the left or nright bundle of the His brunch

547.         nThe 8 years old child complaints on dyspnea, abdominal pain. 2 weeks ago nhe had upper respiratory tract viral infection. Objectively\: general conditiois moderate, pulse is 200 per minute, “threadlike”, edema and npulsation of the cervical veins, AP 60/40 mm. Hg. Cardiac borders are extended nto all sides, cardiac push is widened, heart tones are weakened. The liver is nincreased in size, painful. What disease is possible?

A.    Rheumatic myocarditis

B.    Rheumatic endocarditis

C.    Septic endomyicarditis

D.    Fibroelastosis

E.     * Acute nonrheumatic ncarditis

548.         nThe boy of 3 months has poor increase in mass at satisfactory appetite, nperiodic cyanosis of the child during feeding, the changes on the part of heart nare auscultated from birth, deficit of weight 15 %, paleness and xeroderma art n– rough systolic  noise in all points, is nmaximum in ІІІ left intercostal to the left. What ndiagnoz  is possible to suspect?

A.    Interatrium septal ndefect

B.    Fallott’s disease

C.    Stenosis of pulmonary nartery

D.    Coarctation of an aorta

E.     * intraventricular septal ndefect

549.         nThe child during physical activity shows dyspnea, tachycardia, nacrocyanosis, which disappear when he gets calm. During auscultation of lungs nonly normal lung sound is found. Heart auscultation shows diminished heart nsounds. Such clinical findings are character to:

A.    The II A degree of heart nfailure

B.    The II B degree of heart nfailure

C.    The III degree of heart nfailure

D.    The 0 degree of heart nfailure

E.     * The I degree of heart nfailure

550.         nThe general state of the 6 months boy is grave. He is cyanotic, in a nhypotonic extended position. His mother tells about acute episodes of cyanosis nduring crying or after feeding in previous months. During physical examination: nboy’s respiratory rate is 56 per min., his breathing is labored, and nintercostal retractions are seen. Auscultation of lungs shows a lot of moist nrales. Pulse rate is 208 beats/min. During auscultation of heart a harsh npansystolic murmur is heard at the apex and Erb’s point. Marked edema, nhepatomegaly and splenomegaly are found. Such clinical findings are character nto:

A.    Pulmonic stenosis

B.    Tricuspid atresia

C.    Aorta stenosis

D.    Triad of Fallott

E.     * Tetralogy of Fallott

551.         nThe girl of 6 month old is ill during 10 days. The disease began acutely nwith high temperature and catarrhal syndrome. During objective examination: npaleness of skin and mucous, dyspnoe, acrocyanosis, cardiomegaly. What disease ncan you suspect?

A.    Rheumatic myocarditis

B.    Exudative perycarditis

C.    Hereditary nonrheumatic ncarditis

D.    Fibroelastosis

E.     * Acute nonrheumatic ncarditis

552.         nThe girl of 6 months was administrated to hospital with complaints of nmother to general exiting, dyspnoe. Anamnesis of disease – 1 week, but peroral ncyanosis was from the moment of birth. During objective examination: paleness nof skin and mucus, quantity of breathing is 52 per minute with participation of nadditional muscles, cardiomegalia, liver +3sm, and quantity of heart nbeating-175. What disease may you suspect?

A.    Late hereditary carditis

B.    Rheumatic carditis

C.    Acute no rheumatic ncarditis

D.    Secondary fermentopathy

E.     * Early hereditary ncarditis

553.         nThe neonatal boy was born with weight 3,100 from І normal pregnancy, which was pasted with hestosis nduring the first trimester without asphyxia. Systolic murmur in ІІ intercostal to the left of sternum, skin is pink, nclean. What diagnosis is possible to suspect?

A.    Intraventricular septum ndefect

B.    Intraatrium septal ndefect

C.    Coarctation of  aorta

D.    Stenosis of pulmonary nartery

E.     * Patent ductus narterioses

554.         n554.      The newborn girl from І normal pregnancy was born in time of gestation 39-40 nweeks with weight 3 kg, growth 50 sm, an estimation behind a scale of Apgar 6 non 1min. and 7 on 5 min. It is observed proof cyanose which does not decrease nat oxygen inhalation quantity of breathing- 70, quantity of heart beating-160 – n180, tone of heart clear, in lungs pueral breathing. X-ray- pulmonary picture- ntransparent, narrowing of a vascular bunch of heart. What it is possible to nsuspect?         The disease of gialimembranes

A.    Aspiration of meconij

B.    Tetralogy of Fallott

C.    Defect of nintraventricular septum

D.    * A transposition of maivessels

555.         nThe patient with aquired heart failure has diastolic pressure 0 mm Hg. nWhat heart failure does the child have?

A.    Rheumatism

B.    Aortal i stenosis

C.    Mitral insufficiency

D.    Mitral stenosis

E.     * Aortal insufficiency

556.         nTo the neuropathologist parents of the 7-year-old boy with complaints to ndecrease in its movement activity, disturbance of walking. These complaints ndeveloped gradually, without any reason. At examination\:  irregularity of development of the upper and nlower parts of body, a hypotonia of muscles of the feet, an absent pulsation othe femoral arteries, systolic murmur in intrascapular region. What pathology ncan be suspected at the patient?

A.    Disease of Kawasaki

B.    Disease of Takajasu

C.    Aneurysm of aorta

D.    Endartereit of femoral narteries

E.     * Coartation of aorta

557.         nTo the newborn child with a syndrome of respiratory frustration EhoCG nthat has helped to diagnose a hereditary heart  ndisease: a transposition of the main vessels, ductus artheriosus does nnot function. What it is necessary to spend to the newborn during the first nhours of life?

A.    Ingalations of oxygen

B.    Lungs ventilation

C.    Cardiac glycoside

D.    Diuretic

E.     * Procedure of Rashkinde

558.         nA 10 year old girl complains about abdominal pain that is arising and ngetting worse after eating rough or spicy food. She complains also about sour neructation, heartburn, frequent constipations, headache, irritability. She has nbeen suffering from this for 12 months. Objectively: the girl’s diet is nadequate. Tongue is moist with white deposit at the root. Abdomen is soft, npainful in its epigastric part. What study method will help to make a ndiagnosis?

A.    Fractional examinatioof gastric juice

B.    Intragastral pH-metry

C.    Biochemical blood nanalysis

D.    Contrast roentgenoscopy

E.     * nEsophagogastroduodenoscopy

559.         nA 12 year old patient complains about heartburn and dull pain in the nepigastrium that appear 2-3 hours after meal. Exacerbations happen in spring nand in autumn. The patient has food intolerance of eggs and fish. Objectively\: nstomach palpation reveals painfulness in the gastroduodenal area. Electrophasoduodenoscopy nrevealed a 5 mm ulcer on the anterior wall of duodenum. Urease test is npositive. What is the most probable leading mechanism of disease development?

A.    Dietary allergy

B.    Reduced prostaglandisynthesis

C.    Disorder of gastric nmotor activity

D.    Autoantibody production

E.     * Helicobacterial ninfection

560.         nA 14-year-old boy periodically complains of pain in the epigastrium oan empty stomach, nausea and heartburn during 3 years. Gastroduodenoscopy\: nsigns of gastroduodenitis and ulcer defect of the mucous membrane of the nduodenum. What is the most effective medication to treat this child?

A.    Almagel

B.    Papaverin

C.    No-spa

D.    Atropin

E.     * De-nol

561.         nA 15-year-old patient with “fast food” abnormal diet complains of paiin epigastrium that occurs in 1-1,5 hours after having meal. nFibrogastroduodenoscopy: marked hyperemia, small defects, and easy appearance nof sores on the mucous membrane in the antral section of the stomach. What is nthe most probable reason for this pathology?

A.    Presence of antibodies nto parietal cells

B.    Nervous overstrain

C.    Alimentary factor

D.    Toxic action of alcohol

E.     * Helicobacter pylori ninfection

562.         nA 16-year-old female complains of heartburn and squeezing epigastric npain 1 hour after meal. She has been ill for 2 years. On palpation, there is nmoderate tenderness in pyloroduodenal area. Gastroscopy\: antral gastritis. nWhat study can establish genesis of the disease?

A.    Detection  of autoantibodies in the serum

B.    Gastrin level in blood

C.    Examination of stomach nmotor function

D.    Examination of stomach nsecretion

E.     * Revealing of Helicobacter ninfection in gastric mucosa

563.         nA 17 y.o. female complains of dull pain in the right subcostal area and nepigastric area, nausea, appetite decline during 6 months. There is a history nof gastric peptic ulcer. On examination: weight loss, pulse is 70 bpm, AP is n120/70 mm Hg. Diffuse tenderness and resistance of muscles on palpation. There nis a hard lymphatic node l x l cm in size over the left clavicle. What method nof investigation will be the most useful?

A.    Ultrasound examinatioof abdomen

B.    pH-metry

C.    Ureatic test

D.    Stomach X-ray

E.     * nEsophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy

564.         nA 4-year-old child attends the kindergarten. Complaints of the bad nappetite, fatigue. Objective examination: skin and mucous membrane are pale, nchild is asthenic. In the hemogram: hypochromatic anemia 1st., leucomoide nreaction, of the eosinophile type. What pathology must be excluded at first?

A.    Lymphoprolipherative nprocess

B.    Duodenal ulcer

C.    Hypoplastic anemia

D.    Atrophic gastritis

E.     * Worm invasion

565.         nA 5-year-old patient complains of bloating and rumbling in the abdomen, nincreased outgoing of gasesfoamy liquid stool of acid odor. Symptoms appear nafter eating of milk products. What is the name of such symptom complex?

A.    Adipose dyspepsia nsyndrome

B.    Dyskinesia syndrome

C.    Decaying dyspepsia nsyndrome

D.    Malabsorption syndrome

E.     * Acid dyspepsia syndrome

566.         nA male patient complains of heartburn iich gest stronger while bending nthe body, substernal pain during swallowing. There is a hiatus hernia on X-ray. nWhat disoeder should be expected at gastroscopy?

A.    Chronic gastritis

B.    Gastric peptic ulcer

C.    Acute erosive gastritis

D.    Duodenal peptic ulcer

E.     * Gastroesophageal reflux

567.         nA patient, aged 15, complains of frequent heart-burns, air and acid neructation, burning, constringent pains behind the breast-bone, along nesophagus, that appear after meals, during  nforward inclination of body. The patient was not examined, takes Almagel nby self-medication, after the intake of which feels better. What is the most nprobable diagnosis?

A.    Cardiospasm

B.    Duodenal ulcer

C.    Functional dyspepsia

D.    Stomach ulcer

E.     * Gastroesophageal reflux

568.         nAt objective examination of the 10-years old child are detected painless nin upper  epigastrial region after a npercussion in epigastrial region . What positive sign it tells us about? 

A.    Merfi

B.    Musi-Georgievskogo

C.    Martinova

D.    Mendell

E.     * Mejo-Robsona

569.         nThe boy of 10 years has chronic antral gastritis.  What is the etiology of this disease?

A.    St. Aureus 

B.    B – hemolytic nstreptococcus of group A

C.    Candida 

D.    Enterovirus 

E.     * Неlicobacter pylori  n

570.         nThe boy of 7 years complains of decrease of appetite, appearance of a nperiodic pain in the epigastrial region in 1,5-2 hours after meal, sometimes iempty stomach, itching, predilection to constipations. 1 year before he had a ndysentery. What diagnosis is the most interquartile in this case?

A.    Chronic gastritis

B.    Chronic doudenitis

C.    Chronic gastroduodenitis

D.    Peptic ulcer of a nstomach       

E.     * Peptic ulcer of a nduodenum

571.         nThe boy of 7 years has functional disturbance of the stomach. What is nthe main diagnostic sign?  

A.    Abdominal pain 

B.    Regurgitation by nair 

C.    Signs of chronic nintoxication 

D.    Decrease of the nappetite 

E.     * Absence of the organic nchanges during EGD

572.         nThe child 13 years is on treatment in gastroenterologic department nduring 10 days with the diagnosis chronic gastroduodenitis in the period of nincomplete remission. What diet is necessary to prescribe to the child now?

A.    1a

B.    1b

C.    2

D.    4

E.     * 1

573.         nThe child of 11 years was hospitalized to the hospital because of nexacerbation of chronic gastroduodenitis.Was  nfinding duodenogastral  reflux of ІІ  degree during nat EGD.  Choose a drug for correction of nthe motility.

A.    Imodium 

B.    Gastrocepin 

C.    Halidor 

D.    Dicitel 

E.     * Motilium 

574.         nThe child of 12 years was discharged from a hospital, where was treated nbecause of primary detected chronic gastroduodenitis. The pediatrician has ncompounded the schedule of a dispensary observation. Indicate the term (iyears) of dispensary observation for situation when the disease course without nexacerbation.  

A.    1

B.    2

C.    4

D.    5

E.     * 3

575.         n17 y.o. patient complains of intensive skin itching, jaundice, bone npain. The skin is hyperpigmentated. There is multiple xanthelasma palpebrae. nThe liver is +6 cm enlarged, hard with acute edge. The blood analysis revealed ntotal bilirubin 160 mkmol/L, direct — 110 mkmol/L, AST (asparate naminotransferase) — 2,1 mmol/L per hour, ALT-1,8 mmol/L, alkaline phosphotase — n4,6 mmol/L per hour, cholesterol- 9,2 mmol/L, antimitochondri-al antibodies M2 nin a high titer. What is the probable diagnosis?

A.    Primary liver cancer

B.    Acute viral hepatitis В

C.    Chronic viral hepatitis В

D.    Alcoholic liver ncirrhosis

E.     * Primary biliary liver ncirrhosis

576.         nA 10 year old girl complained of attacks of right subcostal pain after nfatty meal she has been suffering from for a year. Last week the attacks nrepeated every day and became more painful. What diagnostic study would you nrecommend?

A.    X-ray examination of the ngastrointestinal tract

B.    Ultrasound study of the npancreas

C.    Liver function tests

D.    Blood cell count

E.     * Ultrasound examinatioof the gallbladder

577.         nA 10-year-old boy is ill with autoimmune hepatitis. Blood test\: A/G nratio 0,8, bilirubin — 42/imol/L, transaminase \: ALT — 2,3 mmol g/L, AST — 1,8 nmmol g/L. What is the most effective means in treatment from the given below?

A.    Hepatoprotectors

B.    Antibacterial medication

C.    Hemosorbtion, vitamitherapy

D.    Antiviral medications

E.     * Glucocorticoids, ncytostatics

578.         nA 12-year-old girl complains of dull right subcostal pain, nausea, ndecreased appetite. History: disease started with jaundice in 2 months after nappendectomy. She was treated in an infectious hospital. 1 year later present ncomplaints have developed. Physical examination: subicteric sclerae, enlarged nfirm liver. What is your preliminary diagnosis?

A.    Chronic cholangitis

B.    Acute viral hepatitis

C.    Calculous cholecystitis

D.    Gilbert’s disease

E.     * Chronic viral hepatitis n

579.         nA 14 y.o. patient was admitted to the gasteroenterology with skiitching, jaundice, discomfort in the right subcostal area, generalized nweakness. On examination: skin is jaundice, traces of scratches, liver is +5 ncm, splin is 6×8 cm. In blood: alkaline phosphatase — 2, 0 mmol/(hour*L), ngeneral bilirubin — 60 mkmol/L, cholesterol — 8,0 mmol/L. What is the leading nsyndrome in the patient?

A.    Cytolytic

B.    Asthenic

C.    Mesenchymal inflammatory

D.    Liver-cells ninsufficiency

E.     * Cholestatic

580.         nA 15 year old patient has been suffering from chronic pancreatitis for 5 nyears. During the last 5 years he has been observing abatement of paisyndrome, abdominal swelling, frequent defecations up to 3-4 times a day (feces nare greyish, glossy, with admixtures of undigested food), progressing weight nloss. Change of symptom set is caused by joining of:

A.    Syndrome of lactase ndeficiency

B.    Chronic enterocolitis

C.    Endocrine pancreatic ninsufficiency

D.    Irritable bowels nsyndrome

E.     * Exocrine pancreatic ninsufficiency

581.         nA 15-year-old patient complains of heaviness in the right hypochondrium, nitching of the skin. He had been treated in infectious diseases hospital nrepeatedly due to icterus and itch. On physical exam: meteorism, ascitis, ndilation of abdominal wall veins, protruded umbilicus, spleen enlargement. What ncan be diagnosed in this case?

A.    Cancer of the head of npancreas

B.    Viral hepatitis B

C.    Cancer of the liver

D.    Gallstones

E.     * Liver cirrhosis

582.         nA 17-year-old patient has sudden acute pain in the right epigastric area nafter having fatty food. What method of radiological investigation is to be nused on the first stage of examining the patient?

A.    Radionuclide

B.    Magnetic-resonance

C.    Roentgenological

D.    Thermographic

E.     * Ultrasonic

583.         nA 4-year-old patient was admitted to the intensive care unit with nhemorrhagic shock due to gastric bleeding. He has a history of hepatitis B nduring the last 5 years. The source of bleeding is esophageal veins. What is nthe most effective method for control of the bleeding?

A.    Intravenous nadministration of pituitrin

B.    Administration of plasma n

C.    Operation

D.    Hemostatic therapy

E.     * Introduction of nobturator nasogastric tube.

584.         nA 9-year-old girl has attacks of abdominal pain after fried food. No nfever. She has pain in Cera point. The liver is not enlarged. Portion B n[duodenal probe] — 50 ml. What is your diagnosis?

A.    Acute colitis

B.    Hepatocirrhosis

C.    Peptic ulcer

D.    Chronic duodenitis

E.     * Biliary tracts ndyskinesia, hypotonic type

585.         nChild of 7 years complains of an acute abdominal pain, which arises nafter mental loading, use of cold drinks, ice-cream. After clinico-instrumental nexamination the diagnosis is: « Dyskinesia of gallbladder, hypertonic type. nWhat drugs should be assigned first of all for treatment?                

A.    Sedative and ncholikinetics

B.    Choleretics and ncholikinetics

C.    Antioxidants 

D.    Antibiotics 

E.     * Spasmolitics and ncholeretics

586.         nDuring ultrasound investigation of gallbladder for the boy of 11 years nis detected, that the diameter of bladder was reduced less than on one half and nthe parameter of a propulsion function of gallbladder makes 0,7. What would be nbetter to prescribe to this child:  

A.    Analgetics  

B.    Choleretics  

C.    Cholekinetics 

D.    Spasmolitics

E.     * Choleretics and ncholikinetics

587.         nThe boy of 12 years complains of a periodic short-lived cutting pain ithe right subcostal area of cutting nature, which occurs after the greasy food. nFor what type of dyskinesia these complaints are typical?

A.    Hypotonic

B.    Dystonic

C.    Hepatalgic

D.    Asthenic

E.     * Hypertonic

588.         nThe boy, 14 years old, was treated because of the hepatitis А, moderate degree. He discharges from the hospital isatisfactory condition. In biochemical blood test: total bilirubin is 15.39 nmkmol/l AST – 0.72 ALT – 0.78.  In what ntime it is necessary to repeated biochemical blood test?

A.    In 1, 2, 4 months.

B.    In  1, 3, 6, 9  nmonths.

C.    In  2, 4, 6, 8  nmonths.

D.    In  1, 3, 6, 12  nmonths.

E.     * In 1, 3, 6 months.

589.         nThe boy, 8-years old, has entered the infectious department on 5th day nof the disease with complains of skin and sclera jaundice, discoloration of the nfeces, dark color of the urine, loss of the appetite, sickness, vomiting, and nsubfebril body temperature. A month ago his sister was treated in infectious ndepartment with the same complaints. During objective examination: liver +3.5 ncm, compacted, painful, spleen is not increased. In biochemical blood test: ntotal bilirubin is 106.34 mkmol/l, direct – 72.30, indirect – 44.04, tymol test n– 11.39 (the rate 0-5), sulemic test – 1.84, AST – 1.72, ALT – 2.06. Put your ndiagnosis?

A.    Hepatitis В

B.    Hepatitis C

C.    Hepatitis D

D.    Hepatitis F

E.     * Hepatitis А

590.         nThe child, 10 months old, is treated because of hepatitis В, severe degree. On the 5th day his condition became nworse: he sleep at daytime, grew the intensity of the jaundice, has appeared nhemorrhages on the skin, and vomiting like “coffee lees”. The size of nliver decreased from +5 to +1 cm in the right subcostal region. In biochemical nblood test: total bilirubin is 412.38 mkmol/l, direct – 308.2 indirect – 104.17 nAST – 0.68 ALT – 0.95.  About what ncomplication could you think?

A.    Cirrhosis of the liver

B.    Hepatocarcinoma

C.    Cholestasis

D.    Erosive gastritis

E.     * Hepatonecrosis

591.         nThe child, 12 years old, complaints of the skin and mucous membranes njaundice, clay-colored feces and dark color of the urine, weakness. He is ill nfor 2 weeks. Jaundice has appeared on the 10th day of the disease. Three months nago was performed hemotransfusion because of bleeding. The liver +3 cm, splee+1 cm. Hepatitis В is suspected, what examination will nrealistically confirm the diagnosis?

A.    The biochemical blood ntest.

B.    The urinalysis on bile npigments.

C.    Investigation of nAnti-HAV Ig M.

D.    Investigation of nAnti-HAV Ig G

E.     * Polymerase ChaiReaction.

592.         nThe child, 12 years old, was treated because of the hepatitis А. He discharges from the hospital on 24th day isatisfactory condition. What is the duration of dispensary observation?

A.    3 months.

B.    9 months.

C.    12 months.

D.    18 months.

E.     * 6 months.

593.         nThe child, 6 years old, is treated because of hepa::The child, 6 years nold, is treated because of hepatitis А. The intensity of the jaundice, pain and dyspeptic syndrome is nmoderate. The liver emerges from beneath rib arc on 4 cm, compacted, painful. nIn biochemical blood test: total bilirubin is 126.34 mkmol/l, direct – 98.30, nindirect – 28.04, AST – 1.72, ALT – 2.06.  nWhat form of the disease has this child?

A.    Subclinical

B.    without jaundice

C.    Typical, mild degree

D.    Typical, severe degree

E.     * Typical, moderate ndegree

594.         nThe child, 8 years old, was treated because of the hepatitis В. He discharges from the hospital on 35th day. nObjectively: jaundice is absent liver emerges from beneath rib arc on 1.5 cm, nwith normal elasticity. In biochemical blood test: total bilirubin is 18.39 nmkmol/l, AST – 0.68, ALT – 0.72.  What is nthe duration of dispensary observation?

A.    3 months.

B.    6 months.

C.    9 months.

D.    18 months.

E.     * 12 months.

595.         nThe girl of 7 years complains of a dull pain in the right sub costal narea, which disturbs her after the fat food, nausea, bad appetite, nfatigability, headache. The liver is enlarged, painfull, positive symptoms of nOrtner, Merfi. At duodenal probing the availability of inflammatory changes ivesical and liver portions of bile is detected. What diagnosis is the most nprobable?

A.    Dyskinesia of bile ducts

B.    Chronic hepatitis

C.    Acute viral hepatitis

D.    Atresia of bile ducts

E.     * Chronic ncholecystocholangitis

596.         nTo the child in the age of 6 years with complaints on acute pains in the nright subcostal area was made fraction duodenal probing, as a result of which nis the elongation of  1-st, 2 and 3-rd nphases of fraction examination with decreasing of a volume of bile in 1-st and n2 phases. Indicate the type of a dyskinesia.  n

A.    Hypertonic  

B.    Hypotonic  

C.    Hypokinetic  

D.    Hyperkinetic  

E.     * nHypotonic-Hypokinetic  

597.         nTo the child of 5 years, who has on chronic cholecystocholangitis the nbiochemical blood analysis is performed. Syndrome of  cholestasis is detected. What parameters will nbe increased?

A.    Transaminase

B.    Diastase

C.    Thrombinogen

D.    Thymol  test

E.     * Alkaline phosphatase

598.         n3 weeks ago the patient was ill with tonsillitis. Clinical examinatioreveals edema, arterial hypertension, hematuria, proteinuria (1,8 g/per day), ngranular and erythrocital casts. What is the preliminary diagnosis?

A.    Pyelonephritis

B.    Cystitis

C.    Intestinal nephritis

D.    Renal amyloidosis

E.     * Glomerulonephritis

599.         n?A 10 years old boy has acute glomerulonephritis during a month. He has nedema. In urine: protein – 2,5 g/l, in the biochemical blood test\: total nprotein – 48 g/l, cholesterol- 9,8 mmol/l. What from this medicine must be nappointed to the child in the complex of pathogenetical therapy?

A.    Delagyl

B.    Plaquenyl

C.    Heparin

D.    Curantyl

E.     * Prednisolon

600.         nA 10-year-old  male complains of nheadache in occipital area. On physical examination, the skin is pale there is nface and hand edema, BP 150/100 mmHg. On EchoCG, there was concentric nhypertrophy of the left ventricle. Ultrasound examination of the kidneys nreveals thinned cortical layer. Urinalysis shows proteinuria of 3,5 g/day. What nis the diagnosis?

A.    Chronic pyelonephritis

B.    Cushing’s disease

C.    Polycystic disease of nthe kidneys

D.    Essential arterial nhypertension

E.     * Chronic nglomerulonephritis

601.         nA 10-year-old child complains of fever (temperature is 39°C), frequent npainful urination [pollakiuria]. Urine test: proteinuria [0,066 g/L], nleukocytouria [entirely within eyeshot], bacteriuria [105 colony forming nunits/mL]. What is the most probable diagnosis?

A.    Acute glomerulonephritis

B.    Acute cystitis

C.    Dysmetabolic nephropathy

D.    Urolithiasis

E.     * Acute pyelonephritis

602.         nA 10-year-old child fell ill acutely a week ago after overcooling whethere appeared pain in the stomach and the back, fever up to 38°C. nUrinanalysis: leucocytes 25-30 per v/f, protein 0,33 g/L. Which of the nfollowing is the most appropriate test for prescribing of etiotropic treatment?

A.    Nechiporenko test

B.    Zimnitsky test

C.    Cystography

D.    Intravenous urography

E.     * Urine culture

603.         nA 12 year old patient complained about morning headache, appetite loss, nnausea, morning vomiting, periodic nasal haemorrhages. The patient had acute nglomerulonephritis at the age of 9. Examination revealed rise of arterial pressure nup to 160/100 mm Hg, skin haemorrhages on his arms and legs, pallor of skin and nmucous membranes. What biochemical index is of the greatest diagnostic nimportance in this case?

A.    Uric acid

B.    Fibrinogen

C.    Blood sodium

D.    Blood bilirubin

E.     * Blood creatinine

604.         nA 12- year-old patient with a history of preceding streptococcal ninfection complains of malaise, headache, anorexia, subfebrile fever. On exam: nmild generalized edema, BP 150/90 mm Hg, HR 100/min, RR 20/min, the urinalysis nshowed increased protein, red cell casts and hyaline casts. What is your ndiagnosis?  

A.    Acute npyelonephritis 

B.    Rheumatic fever 

C.    Essential nhypertension 

D.    Bacterial nendocarditis 

E.     * Acute nglomerulonephritis 

605.         nA 13 year old male complains about face edemata, headache, dizziness, nreduced urination, change of urine colour (dark-red). These presentations nappeared after pharyngitis. Objectively: face edemata, pale skin, temperature – n37,4oC heart rate – 96/min, AP – 170/110 mm Hg. Heart sounds are muffled, the nII sound is accentuated above aorta. What etiological factor is probable ithis case?

A.    Saprophytic nstaphylococcus

B.    Pyogenic streptococcus

C.    Staphylococcus aureus

D.    Alpha-hemolytic nstreptococcus

E.     * Betha-hemolytic nstreptococcus

606.         nA 14 y.o. patient complains of nausea, vomiting, headache, shortness of nbreath. He had an acute nephritis being 6 y.o. Proteinuria was found out iurine. Objectively: a skin is grey-pale, the edema is not present. Accent of II ntone above aorta. BP 140/100-180/100 mm Hg. Blood level of residual N2 – 6,6 nmmol/L, creatinine — 406 mmol/L. Day’s diuresis-2300 ml, nocturia. Specific ndensity of urine is 1009, albumin – 0,9 g/L, WBC — 0-2 in f/vis. RBC- single if/vis., hyaline casts single in specimen. Your diagnosis?

A.    Hypertensive disease of nthe II degree

B.    Nephrotic syndrome

C.    Stenosis of kidney nartery

D.    Feochromocitoma

E.     * Chronic nephritis with nviolation of kidney function

607.         nA 14-year-old boy complains of headache in occipital area. On physical nexamination, the skin was pale there was face and hand edema, blood pressure n170/130 mm Hg. On EchoCG, there was concentric hypertrophy of the left nventricle. Ultrasound examination of the kidneys revealed thinned cortical nlayer. Urinalysis showed proteinuria of 3.5 g/day. What is the diagnosis?             

A.    Essential arterial nhypertension.          

B.    Chronic pyelonephritis. 

C.    Multicystic disease of nthe kidneys. 

D.    Cushing’s disease. 

E.     * Chronic nglomerulonephritis. 

608.         nA 15-year-old female complains of edema on the face and legs, elevatioin blood pressure up to 160/100 mm Hg, and weakness. She fell ill 3 weeks after nsore throat. On urinalysis, protein of 0,5 g/L, erythrocytes of 17 – 20/field, nleukocytes of 2 – 3/field, erythrocyte casts. What treatment should be ninitiated after establishing of the exact diagnosis?

A.    Ceftriaxone

B.    Ciprofloxacine

C.    Heparin

D.    Dipyridamole

E.     * Penicillin

609.         nA 15-year-old male has facial edema, moderate back pains. His ntemperature is 37,5°C, BP 180/100 mm Hg, hematuria (up to 100 in v/f), nproteinuria (2,0 g/L), hyaline-casts – 10 in v/f, specific gravity —1020. The nonset of the disease is probably connected with acute tonsillitis that started n2 weeks ago. What is the most probable diagnosis?

A.    Chronic nglomerulonephritis

B.    Urolithiasis

C.    Cancer of the kidney

D.    Acute pyelonephritis

E.     * Acute nglomerulonephritis

610.         nA 16 year old female complains about weakness, weight loss, appetite nloss, headache. The patient had acute glomerulonephritis when she was young. nShe has been suffering from arterial hypertension since she was 14. She didn’t nundergo systematic treatment, consulted a doctor rarely. Examination revealed signs nof chronic renal insufficiency of the I stage (creatinine – 0,43 millimole/l). nWhat dietary recommendations are the most reasonable?

A.    Consumption of higher namounts of liquid

B.    Restriction of ncarbohydrate consumption

C.    Diet with high content nof “alkaline” dishes

D.    Restriction of fat nconsumption

E.     * Restriction of proteiconsumption

611.         nA 16-year-old patient undergoes a course of treatment due to chronic nglomerulonephritis. The treatment was successful, normalization of all the ncharacteristics was recorded. What sanitorium and health resort treatment could nbe recommended?

A.    Morshyn

B.    Truskavets

C.    Myrhorod

D.    Not recommended

E.     * The south coast of the nCrimea

612.         nA 17-year-old female complains of fatigue, weight and appetite loss, nheadache. Suffered from acute glomerulonephritis as adolescent. Suffers from narterial hypertension since age 15. Has not systematically undergone medical ntreatment, applied to doctor very rarely. On laboratory investigation signs of nchronic renal failure first degree were found, (creatinine — 0,23 mmol/L). What nnutrition recommendations are the most suitable for this patient?

A.    Ingestion with the nincreased content of the “alkaline”

B.    Fluid amount increase

C.    Adipose control

D.    Carbohydrate control

E.     * Protein control

613.         nA 17-year-old patient was brought to resuscitation unit. General ncondition of the patient is very serious. Sopor. The skin is grey, moist. nTurgor is decreased. Pulse is rapid, intense. BP — 160/110 mm Hg, muscle tonus nis increased. Hyperreflexia. There is an ammonia odor in the air. What is the npresumptive diagnosis?

A.    Hyperglycemic coma

B.    Alcoholic coma

C.    Hypoglycemic coma

D.    Cerebral coma

E.     * Uraemic coma

614.         nA 3-year-old child is admitted to hospital due to decrease of urine nvolume (200 mL per day), peripheral and cavity edema. Urinanalysis: protein 3,3 ng/L. What is the most likely diagnosis?{

A.    Interstitial nephritis

B.    Infection of urinary ntract

C.    Chronic nglomerulonephritis

D.    Acute glomerulonephritis nwith nephritic syndrome

E.     * Acute nglomerulonephritis with nephrotic syndrome

615.         nA 9-year-old girl is being treated for renal colic.  Examination reveals a small cyst (diameter 2,5 ncm) of the right kidney. What prophylactic investigation is indicated for npatient in 6 months in order to define treatment plan?

A.    Excretory urography

B.    Kidney scintigraphy

C.    X-ray of kidney

D.    CT of kidney

E.     * Ultrasound ninvestigation of kidney

616.         nA 9-year-old girl is ill. The disease was manifested by high fever, nchills, sweating, aching pain in lumbar area, a discomfort during urination. nPasternatsky’s sign is positive in both sides. On lab exam, WBC – 20*109/L nUrinalysis: protein – 0,6 g/L, leukocyturia, bacteriuria. What is the npreliminary diagnosis?

A.    Acute cystitis

B.    Nephrolithiasis

C.    Acute glomerulonephritis

D.    Exacerbation of chronic npyelonephritis

E.     * Acute pyelonephritis

617.         nA boy aged 7, is under treatment during 1 month. On hospitalization: nsignificant edema, proteinuria — 7.1 g/L, protein in daily urine — 4.2 g. Blood nbiochemical profile: stable hypoproteinaemia (43.2 g/L). hypercholesterinaemia n(9.2 mmol/L). Which variant of glomerulonephritis is the most probable in this ncase?

A.    Isolated urinary

B.    Hematuric

C.    Mixed

D.    Nephritic

E.     * Nephrotic

618.         nA boy, aged 15, presents with facial edema, moderate back pains, body ntemperature  37,5 С, BP 180/100 mmHg, hematuria [ up to 100 in v/f], nproteinuria [2,0 g/L], hyaline casts – 10 in v/f., specific gravity -1020. The nonset of the disease is probably connected with acute tonsillitis 2 weeks ago. nThe most likely diagnosis is:  

A.    Acute pyelonephritis

B.    Cancer of the kidney

C.    Urolithiasis 

D.    Chronic nglomerulonephritis 

E.     * Acute nglomerulonephritis 

619.         nA patient presents with swollen ankles, face, eyelids, elevated AP — n160/100 mm Hg, pulse – 54 bpm, daily loss of albumine with urine — 4g. What ntherapy is pathogenetic in this case?

A.    Antibiotics

B.    NSAIDs

C.    Calcium antagonists

D.    Diuretics

E.     * Corticosteroids

620.         nA patient suffers from suddenly arising crampy pain in the right loiarea. 2 hours after the pain had started, hematuria took place. Loin X-ray: no npathological shadows. Ultrasound pyelocaliectasis on the right, the left part nis normal. What is the most probable di¬agnosis?

A.    Twist of the right ovary ncyst

B.    Intestine invagination

C.    Acute appendicitis

D.    Tumour of the right nkidney pelvis

E.     * Stone of the right nkidney, renal colic

621.         nA patient urine colour revealed that it is formed in case of nephrodamage. It is the main sign of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. What nis the colour of this urine?

A.    dark brown urine

B.    bright red

C.    dark violet

D.    pink

E.     * smokey brown urine

622.         nA patient with acute respiratory viral infection (3rd day of disease) ncomplains of pain in lumbar region, nausea, dysuria, oliguria. Urinalysis – nhematuria (100-200 RBC in eyeshot spot), specific gravity – 1002. The blood ncreatinin level is 0,18 millimole/l, potassium level – 6,4 millimole/l. Make nthe diagnosis:

A.    Acute renal failure

B.    Acute renal colic

C.    Acute cystitis

D.    Acute glomerylonephritis n

E.     * Acute interstitial nnephritis

623.         nA sick E., 12 y.o.., who is 8 years ill with chronic nglomerulonephritis,  complains of head nache, nausea, vomits, itch of skin. What changes will be in the blood?

A.    increases bilirubin

B.    decline of ESR

C.    increases cholesterol

D.    increases transaminases

E.     * increases kreatinine

624.         nDark color of urine is observed in a 9 years boy, that 3 weeks ago had ntonsillitis, arterial blood pressure is 100/50, in the complete analysis of nurine: protein is 0,98 g/l, leucocytes 3-2 in a visual, erythrocytes – 1/3 of nvisual field, hyaline casts 1-2 in a visual field. What variant of acute nglomerulonephritis is more reliable in this child? 

A.    Nephrotic

B.    Nephritic

C.    Nephrotic syndrome, nhematuria and arterial hypertension

D.    Sub acute malignant nglomerulonephritis

E.     * Isolated urine syndrome

625.         nFrom a patient A., 3 years old., urine was taken for analysis. There was nfound out a lot of changed red blood cells in the urine (1/2 of visual field). nWhat is the possible cause of their origin in the urine?

A.    Uncomplicated nurolithiasis

B.    acute cystitis

C.    paranephritis

D.    cancer of urinary nbladder

E.     * acute nglomerulonephritis

626.         nIn 2 weeks after pharyngitis a 15-year-old patient started complaining nof rise in temperature to 38° C, fatigue, shortness of breath during walking, nmigrating joint intumescence and pain . On physical exam: cyanosis of lips, npulse is weak, rhythmical, 100 bpm. The left heart border is moved outwards nfrom medi-aclavicular line for 1 cm. Sound I on the apex is weakened, soft nsystolic murmur is ausculated. What ethiological factor caused this npathological process in the most probable way?

A.    Staphylococcus

B.    Pneumococcus

C.    Virus

D.    Fungus

E.     * Betha hemolytic nstreptococcus

627.         nIn a 7 years boy in 2 weeks after the tonsillitis edema has appeared oface, lower extremities. His general condition is severe, because of nintoxication syndrome. Blood pressure – 140/80. Urine is brown.  General analysis of urine\: specific gravity n-1025, protein – 1,2 g/l, erythrocytes cover all visual field, casts 1 – 2 in a nvisual field. Protein in day’s urine – 0,78 gr. What is the most reliable ndiagnosis?

A.    Acute glomerulonephritis nwith nephrotic syndrome

B.    Urolythiasis

C.    Acute glomerulonephritis nwith nephrotic syndrome, hematuria and arterial hypertension

D.    Acute glomerulonephritis nwith isolated urine syndrome

E.     * Acute nglomerulonephritis with nephritic syndrome

628.         nIn the patient’s urine sediment (5-6 leucocytes and single fresh nerythrocytes in a vision field) was found. What investigation must be appointed nto a patient for clarification of diagnosis?

A.    total blood count

B.    ECG

C.    Zimnitsky test

D.    determination of daily nproteinuria

E.     * Nechiporenko test

629.         nPatient A., 15 years old, is troubled with appearance of sediment in his nurine which make the urine cloudy and don’t disappear in an hour. nAppearance  of what substance in urine ncan you suspect?

A.    salts

B.    bilious pigments

C.    glucose

D.    urinary acid

E.     * protein

630.         nPatient A., 15 years old, is troubled with appearance of sediment in his nurine which make the urine cloudy but disappear in an hour. Appearance  of what substance in urine can you suspect?   

A.    protein

B.    bilious pigments

C.    glucose

D.    urinary acid

E.     * salts

631.         nPatient A., 15 years old, is troubled with increased amount of urine nexcreted per day. During examination was revealed that urine specific gravity nis increased.  Appearance of what nsubstance in urine makes its gravity increased?

A.    salts

B.    protein

C.    bilious pigments

D.    urinary acid

E.     * glucose

632.         nPatient E. has renal failure. By physical examination was revealed nswelling of subcutaneous tissue of whole the body. Accumulation of liquid  in subcutaneous fat tissue on whole the body nis called as:

A.    Ascites

B.    Hives

C.    Pleurisy

D.    Pericarditis

E.     * Anasarca

633.         nPatient E., 12 years old., who has chronic glomerulonephritis for 8 nyears, complaints of headache, nausea, vomiting, skin itching. What changes ithe blood are typical for it?

A.    increase of bilirubin

B.    decrease of ESR

C.    increase of cholesterol

D.    increase of ntransaminases

E.     * increase of kreatinine

634.         nPatient M.,  7 years old, entered nclinic with complaints on edema under eyes, increase of body temperature nup  to 37,8 degree of Сelsium, discoloration of urine. 2  weeks ago he had tonsillitis. What test must nbe done?

A.    ECG

B.    Chest X-ray

C.    Ultrasound of a heart

D.    Esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

E.     * General analysis of nurine

635.         nPatient M., 5 years old., has edema.  nAcute glomerulonephritis was diagnosed. What is the peculiarity of edema nin this case?

A.    appears in the evening

B.    first appears on lower nextremities

C.    first appears ooverhead extremities

D.    Early development of nanasarca.

E.     * appears on face in the nmorning

636.         nPatient O., 6 years old, complains of edema in the morning, it is nlocated mainly on her face (eyeleads). Which pathology is present in this case? n

A.    cardiovascular

B.    Neurological

C.    Respiratory system npathology

D.    No right answer

E.     * Urinary system npathology

637.         nPatient P., 8 y.o.., has glomerulonephritis. What color of urine is ntypical for this case?

A.    red

B.    color of beer

C.    sulphur

D.    straw-yellow.

E.     * color of «meat wastes»

638.         nPatient S., 8 years old, complains of the unpleasant sensation in lumbar nregion, edema below the eyes in the morning. She was fallen ill  sharply 3 days before. 2  weeks ago the patient had viral respiratory ninfection. What investigation must be done first of all?

A.    ECG

B.    Ultrasound of a heart

C.    determination of ncholesterol in blood

D.    Chest X-ray.

E.     * general analysis of nurine

639.         nSick M., 12 y.o., has chronic glomerulonephritis for 7 years. Kidney ninsufficiency was diagnosed 2 years ago. Name possible changes in his ncardiovascular system.

A.    Systolic murmur on aapex

B.    weakening of second nheart sound above an aorta

C.    breaking up I heart nsound on an apex

D.    gun tone of Strazhesko.

E.     * tones of a heart are nweakened, possibly appearance of pericardial friction

640.         nSick O., 9 years old., complains of nicturia. What pathology is this nsymptom typical for?

A.    acute nephritis

B.    diabetes mellitus

C.    chronic cardiac ninsufficiency

D.    diencephalic syndrome.

E.     * chronic kidney ninsufficiency

641.         nThe 7 years old boy has edema, headache, red urine, blood pressure n130/90. 10 days before he had pain in throat, hyperthermia. In general analysis nof urine: protein-2,5 g/l, leuc. – 2-3, gyaline casts 2-3, erythr. in all nvisual field. What agent can lead to such changes?

A.    Enteroviruses

B.    Respiratory viruses

C.    Staphylococci

D.    E.Coli

E.     * Streptococci

642.         nThe boy of 3 years has an edema syndrome like anasarca. Blood pressure – n95/60. In the general analysis of urine: protein – 6,3 g/l, leucocytes 2-3 ivisual field, red corpuscles 1-2 in visual field, casts – 2-3 in visual field. nGeneral protein of blood – 44,2 g/l, protein – 38,1%, cholesterol of blood – n8,6 mmol/l. What clinical variant of acute glomerulonephritis has this patient? n

A.    Acute glomerulonephritis nwith nephritic syndrome

B.    Acute glomerulonephritis nwith isolated urine syndrome

C.    Acute glomerulonephritis nwith nephrotic syndrome, hematuria and arterial hypertension

D.    Acute glomerulonephritis nwith hematuria

E.     * Acute glomerulonephritis nwith nephrotic syndrome

643.         nThe girl is 12 y.o. Yesterday she was overcooled. Now she complains opain in suprapubic area, frequent painful urination by small portions, ntemperature is 37,8°C. Pasternatsky symptom is negative. Urinalysis\: protein- n0,033 g/L, WBC — 20-25 in f/vis, RBC —1-2 in f/vis. What diagnosis is most nprobable?

A.    Dysmetabolic nephropathy

B.    Acute pyelonephritis

C.    Urolithiasis

D.    Acute glomerulonephritis

E.     * Acute cystitis

644.         nThe girl of 10 years one month before had tonsillitis. Last 2 weeks she ncomplains of general malaise, blood pressure – 140/90. Urinalysis: urine nspecific gravity – 1018, protein – 0, 91 g/l, leuk. 2-3, erythr. on 1/2 of nvisual field. What medicine is it necessary to give?

A.    Prednisolone

B.    Chlorbutin

C.    Plaquenil

D.    Leukeran

E.     * Indometacin

645.         nAt sick F., 10 years old., urine was taken for analysis. Hyaline casts nwere found in urine. What are hyaline casts?

A.    acide, that had changed nthe consistency in sour urine

B.    accumulation of bacteria

C.    pressed thrombocytes

D.    Salt corks.

E.     * albuminous molds of nkidney tubuli

646.         nAt sick M., 7 y.o.., impairement of urine filtration was found. What ndepartment of nephrone  filtration of nurine is performed in?

A.    in proximal ductule

B.    in the interstitium of nkidney

C.    in a glomerulus

D.    in a distal ductule.

E.     * in the loop of Henle

647.         nDuring investigation of patient’s urine the folowing findings were nrevealed: 5-6 leucocytes are found in 1 visual field, single fresh red ncorpuscles in 1 visual field. What investigation must be appointed to this npatient for diagnosis clarification?

A.    Complete blood count

B.    ECG

C.    Zimnitsky’s test

D.    determination of daily nproteinuria.

E.     * Nechiporenko’s test

648.         nDuring palpation of kidneys the following was revealed: it is possible nto palpate all the kidney, it is easly displaceble, but does not move to the nopposite side of the body. Which degree of nephroptosis is present?

A.    1st

B.    3rd

C.    4th

D.    total nephroptosis.

E.     * 2nd

649.         nFor patient E.,  12 years old, ill nwith chronic pyelonephritis for 6 yers,  nbiochemical blood test is conducted. What changes can be when the npatient has renal failure?

A.    increase of glucose nlevel  in blood

B.    increase of bilirubin

C.    increase of amylaze

D.    increase of alkaline nphosphatase.

E.     * increase of creatinine

650.         nFor patient I., 14 years old, paranephritis is diagnosed. What positiois typical for this case?  

A.    Semirecumbent positiowith lowered legs (orthopnoe)

B.    Lying on a sick side

C.    Knee-elbow position

D.    Sitting, bending nforward.

E.     * On affected side with nlegs bended hip and knee joints and by the leg pressed to the stomach from the nside of affection

651.         nIn patient A., violation of kidneys concentration function was found. nWhat part of nephrone concentrates the urine?

A.    glomerulus

B.    Henle’s loop

C.    proximal tubule

D.    convoluted tubes.

E.     * distal tubule

652.         nPatient E. 8 years old., is ill with chronic pyelonephritis for 5 years. nWhat changes in  biochemical blood test nwill prove kidney insufficiency?

A.    albuminemia

B.    beta-lipoproteinaemia

C.    hyperbilirubinemia

D.    dysproteinemia.

E.     * creatininemia

653.         nPatient E., 8 years old, complains of attack-like pains in lumbar area, nwhich irradiate downwards. What does can this symptom testify about?

A.    acute glomerulonephritis

B.    hypernephroma

C.    chronic nglomerulonephritis

D.    heart attack.

E.     * urolithiasis

654.         nThe child of 10 years complains of high temperature, pain in abdomen, nand pain during urination. In urinalysis: protein – 0,33 g/l, leucocytes – iall visual field, erythrocytes 5-10 in visual field. What investigation is it nnecessary to do to know the level of urinary system damaging?

A.    To take urine by ncatheter

B.    Bacteriological test of nurine

C.    Ultrasound investigatio

D.    Zimnitsky test

E.     * Urographia

655.         nThe child of 10 years is ill during one week. The disease appears after ncooling. Her disease symptoms are: pain in abdomen, back, temperature 38оС. In analysis of  ntheurine: leucocytes – 25-30 in the visual field, protein – 0,33 g/l. nDiagnose is – acute pyelonephritis. What investigation is it necessary to do nbefore etiotropic treatment?

A.    Cystographia

B.    Urogrphia

C.    Zimnitsky test

D.    Nechiporenko test

E.     * Bacteriological test of nurine

656.         nThe child of 5 years is ill for 2 days. He complains of: often paiduring urination, urine incontinence. Temperature is normal, abdomen is painful nin hypogastrium. What dates are typical to diagnose urinary tract infection?

A.    Proteinuria

B.    Leucocyturia

C.    Erytrocyturia

D.    Hypostenuria

E.     * Bacteruria 105 and more

657.         nThe child of 9 years become ill acutely: temperature is 39oС, pain in lower back, and pain during urination, nPasternatskiy symptom is positive bylaterally, more in the left. What disease nhas this child?

A.    Acute viral infection.

B.    Acute cystitis

C.    Acute glomerulonephritis

D.    Kidney colic

E.     * Acute pyelonephritis

658.         nThe girl of 10 years complains of the pain in lower back during 4 days. nShe has also the increased temperature, decrease of appetite, and the paiduring urination. One week ago was ill (acute viral infection). What ninvestigation it is necessary to make first of all?

A.    General analysis of nblood

B.    Urogrphia

C.    Ultrasound investigation

D.    Zimnitsky test

E.     * General analysis of nurine

659.         nThe girl of 3 years has high temperature, pain in abdomen the third time nduring last year. In urinalysis: leucocytes – 70-80 in visual field, nerythrocytes 1-2 in visual field.  What ninvestigation will prove the genesis of leucocyturia?

A.    Urography

B.    Nechiporenko test

C.    Endogenous creatynine nclearance

D.    Zimnitsky test

E.     * 3 glasses test

660.         nThe girl of 6 years complains of temperature 39о С, vomiting, pain in abdomen, disuria. Iurinalysis: protein – 0,58 g/l, leucocytes – in all visual field, erythrocytes n4-5 in visual field. Blood test: ESR – 30 mm/hour. Diagnose is acute npyelonephritis. What investigation will prove the diagnose?

A.    Zimnitsky test

B.    Nechiporenko test

C.    Blood urea 

D.    Endogenous creatynine nclearance

E.     * Bacteriological test of urine

 

Tests with nphoto

 

1.               nSymptom shown in Fig. 1 is characteristic for:

A.    *Allergic rhinitis

B.    Adenovirus infection

C.    Rhinovirus infection

D.    Adenoid vegetations

E.     Sinusitis

2.               nWhich symptom is shown in Figure 1?

A.    “Rabbit’s nnose” in allergic rhinitis

B.    *Sniff in allergic nrhinitis

C.    Nasal crease in allergic nrhinitis

D.    Allergic Salute

E.     Paresis of the facial nnerve

3.               nSniff, as shown in Fig. 1 is characteristic for:

A.    *Allergic rhinitis

B.    Adenovirus infection

C.    Rhinovirus infection

D.    Adenoid vegetations

E.     Sinusitis

4.               nWhich symptom is shown in Figure 2?

A.    “Rabbit’s nnose”

B.    Sniff

C.    Nasal crease

D.    *Allergic Salute

E.     Paresis of the facial nnerve

5.               nSymptom shown in Fig. 2 is characteristic for:

A.    *Allergic rhinitis

B.    Adenovirus infection

C.    Rhinovirus infection

D.    Adenoid vegetations

E.     Sinusitis

6.               nThe skin folds damage shown in Fig. 3 is characteristic for:

A.    *atopic dermatitis

B.    streptodermia

C.    epidermohpytia

D.    infant eczema

E.     diaper dermatitis

7.               nName the skin symptoms presented in Fig. 3:

A.    *neurodermatitis

B.    streptodermia

C.    Pastia’s symptom

D.    contact dermatitis

E.     heat rash

8.               nName the skin symptoms presented in Fig. 3:

A.    *licheniphycation

B.    bacterial eczema

C.    milk crust

D.    staphylodermia

E.     intertrigo

9.               nIn Fig. 4 is represented red itchy rash of:

A.    *Drug allergy

B.    Contact dermatitis

C.    Erythema multiforme

D.    Heat rash

E.     Nodular erythema

10.            nIn Fig. 4 rash in a child is accompanied by itching, emerged during the ntreatment of bronchitis by amoxicillin at the 4th day of illness. What is the npossible diagnosis?

A.    *Drug allergy

B.    Measles          

C.    Rubella

D.    Varicella

E.     Erythema marginatum

11.            nName the red rash morphology, shown in Fig. 4:

A.    *Maculopapular

B.    Vesicular

C.    Polymorphic

D.    Urticaria

E.     Erythema marginatum

12.            nName the red rash morphology, shown in Fig. 4:

A.    *Maculopapular

B.    Pinpiont

C.    Petechial

D.    Excoriated

E.     Papulose

13.            nTypical forced position, shown in Fig. 5 is characteristic for:

A.    *bronchial asthma attack

B.    croup syndrome

C.    lungs edema

D.    exudative pleurisy

E.     heart failure

14.            nTypical forced position, shown in Fig. 5 is characteristic for:

A.    inspiratory dyspnea

B.    *expiratory dyspnea

C.    Mixed dyspnea

D.    lungs edema

E.     cardiac asthma

15.            nTypical forced position, shown in Fig. 5 is named as:

A.    *ortopnoe

B.    inspiratory dyspnea

C.    apnea

D.    tripod symptom

E.     expiratory dyspnea

16.            nFigure 6 shows the use of:

A.    peak flow meter

B.    nebulizer

C.    spacer

D.    *aerosol inhaler

E.     babyhaler

17.            nUsing aerosol metered dose inhaler (Fig. 6) for bronchial obstructiorelief is the most convenient in:

A.    *Schoolchildren

B.    Preschool children

C.    In infants

D.    In toddlers

E.     In preschool childreand infants

18.            nFigure 7 shows the use of:

A.    metered dose inhaler

B.    nebulizer

C.    *spacer with mask

D.    aerosol inhaler

E.     babyhaler

19.            nUsing a spacer with mask (Fig. 7) for bronchial obstruction relief is nthe most convenient in:

A.    In primary school nchildren

B.    Preschool children

C.    In infants

D.    In toddlers

E.     *In all these age groups

20.            nFigure 8 shows the use of:

A.    *metered dose inhaler

B.    nebulizer

C.    spacer

D.    peak flow meter

E.     babyhaler

21.            nUsing aerosol metered dose inhaler (Fig. 8) for relieving asthma attacks nis the most convenient in:

A.    *Schoolchildren

B.    Preschool children

C.    In infants

D.    In toddlers

E.     In preschool childreand infants

22.            nDust mites (Fig. 9) can cause:

A.    Allergic dermatitis and nrhinitis

B.    Food allergies

C.    Allergic rhinitis

D.    Food allergy and asthma

E.     *Allergic rhinitis and nasthma

23.            nDust mites (Fig. 9) cause:

A.    *Respiratory allergies

B.    Food allergies

C.    Contact allergies

D.    Medical allergies

E.     Croup syndrome

24.            nDust mites (Fig. 9) most often cause nrespiratory allergies:

A.    In the late spring – nearly summer

B.    In the late summer – nearly autumn

C.    Early autumn

D.    Early spring

E.     *Allover the year

25.            nPollen of grasses (Fig. 10) may result in:

A.    Allergic dermatitis and nrhinitis

B.    Asthma

C.    Allergic rhinitis

D.    Food allergy and asthma

E.     *Allergic rhinitis and nasthma

26.            nPollen of grasses (Fig. 10) causes:

A.    *Respiratory allergies

B.    Food allergies

C.    Contact allergies

D.    Medical allergies

E.     Croup syndrome

27.            nPollen of grasses (Fig. 10) most often causes respiratory allergies:

A.    *In the late spring – nearly summer

B.    In the late summer – nearly autumn

C.    Early autumn

D.    In early spring

E.     Allover the year

28.            nWhich symptom is shown in Figure 11?

A.    *“Allergic shiners”

B.    Quincke’s  edema

C.    The shadows under the neyes

D.    Renal edema

E.     Adenoidal face

29.            n“Allergic shiners”, presented in Figure 11 are characteristic for:

A.    *Allergic rhinitis

B.    Adenoid vegetations

C.    Quincke’s edema

D.    Renal edema

E.     Bronchial asthma

30.            nThe patient shown in Figure 11, suffers from allergic rhinitis. What nsymptom of allergic rhinitis is presented in this picture?

A.    *“Allergic shiners”

B.    Quincke’s  edema

C.    “Rabbit’s nnose”

D.    Nasal crease

E.     Allergic salute

31.            nWhat is shown in Figure 12?

A.    *Spacer with a mask

B.    Nebulizer

C.    Spacer

D.    Aerosol inhaler

E.     Babyhaler with a mask

32.            nThis equipment (Fig. 12) is used:

A.    *For the dose of inhaled nmedications for asthma attack in infants

B.    For the dose of inhaled nmedications for asthma attack in schoolchildren

C.    For inhaled drugs icroup syndrome

D.    For inhaled mucolytics nin simple bronchitis

E.     For the dose of inhaled nmedications in allergic rhinitis

33.            nUsing this equipment (Fig. 12) for cupping bronchial obstruction is the nmost convenient:

A.    In primary school nchildren

B.    In preschool children

C.    In infants

D.    In toddlers

E.     *In all these age groups

34.            nWhat is shown in Figure 13?

A.    Peak flow meter

B.    *Nebulizer

C.    Spacer

D.    Aerosol inhaler

E.     Babyhaler

35.            nDepicted in Fig. 13 apparatus most often is used for inhalation of:

A.    *Beta 2 blockers

B.    Mucolytics

C.    Cardiac glycosides

D.    Antihistamines

E.     Antihydropic mixture

36.            nDepicted in Fig. 13 apparatus with a mouthpiece is the most useful:

A.    *For the medicatioinhalations in schoolchildren

B.    For the medication inhalations nin toddlers

C.    For medicatioinhalations in infants

D.    For the medicatioinhalations ieonates

E.     For the medicatioinhalations in infants and toddlers

37.            nDepicted in Figure 14 eruptions are called:

A.    *urticaria

B.    macula

C.    polymorphous rash

D.    papules

E.     nodular erythema

38.            nDepicted in Figure 14 eruptions are called:

A.    *hives

B.    multiform erythema

C.    erythema marginatum

D.    spots

E.     vesicles

39.            nDepicted in Fig.14 rash is characteristic for:

A.    *Skin allergies

B.    Measles

C.    Varicella

D.    Rubella

E.     Diaper dermatitis

40.            nWhat is the genesis of the eruption, shown in Figure 14?

A.    hypoproteinemia

B.    *immediate nhypersensitivity

C.    delayed hypersensitivity n

D.    inflammatory reaction

E.     hemorrhages

41.            nWhich symptom is shown in Figure 15?

A.    “Allergic shiners”

B.    *Quincke’s edema

C.    Edema in the toxic form nof diphtheria

D.    Renal edema

E.     Edema in heart failure

42.            nWhich symptom is shown in Figure 15?

A.    Hypoproteinemic edema

B.    *Angioedema

C.    Edema in the toxic form nof diphtheria

D.    Renal edema

E.     Cardiac edema

43.            nWhat is the genesis of edema, shown in Figure 15?

A.    hypoproteinemia

B.    *immediate nhypersensitivity

C.    delayed hypersensitivity n

D.    toxemia

E.     stagnation of the blood ncirculation

44.            nName skin symptoms presented in Fig. 16:

A.    urticaria

B.    *erythema annulare

C.    polymorphous rash

D.    papules

E.     nodular erythema

45.            nName skin symptoms presented in Fig. 16:

A.    hives

B.    miltiform erythema

C.    *erythema marginatum

D.    spots

E.     vesicles

46.            nThe skin changes, shown in Fig. 16 are the most typical for:

A.    *Acute rheumatic fever

B.    Food allergies

C.    Drug allergy

D.    Respiratory allergies

E.     Rheumatoid arthritis

47.            nWhich criterion for acute rheumatic fever is the skilesion presented in Fig. 16?

A.    *Large 

B.    Additional

C.    Small

D.    Laboratory

E.     Anamnestic

48.            nThe criterion of what disease are skin changes shown iFig. 16?

A.    *Acute rheumatic fever

B.    Contact dermatitis

C.    Children eczema

D.    Microbial lesions

E.     Rheumatoid arthritis

49.            nWhat is shown in Fig. 17?

A.    *Disk dry powder inhaler

B.    Nebulizer

C.    Spacer

D.    Aerosol inhaler

E.     Babyhaler

50.            nThis equipment (Fig. 17) is used:

A.    For the dose of inhaled nmedications for asthma attack in infants

B.    *For the dose of inhaled nmedications for asthma attack in schoolchildren

C.    For inhaled drugs icroup syndrome

D.    For inhaled mucolytics nin simple bronchitis

E.     For the dose of inhaled nmedications in allergic rhinitis

51.            nUsing disk powder inhaler (Fig. 17) for ncupping of bronchial obstruction is the most convenient in:

A.    *schoolchildren

B.    preschool children

C.    infants

D.    toddlers

E.     preschool children and ninfants

52.            nWhat investigation result is presented in Fig. 18?

A.    nUltrasound nof the liver

B.    Ultrasound of the ngallbladder

C.    Ultrasound of the nkidneys and urinary tract

D.    Ultrasonography of the nabdomen

E.     *Ultrasound of the liver nand biliary tract

53.            nWhat is presented in ultrasonogramm shown in Fig.18?

A.    Normal gallbladder

B.    A stone in the ngallbladder

C.    *Thickening and swelling nof the gallbladder wall

D.    Dilated intrahepatic nducts

E.     Sludge in the ngallbladder

54.            nUltrasonogramm presented in Figure 18 is typical for:

A.    Healthy patient

B.    *Cholecystitis

C.    Cholangitis

D.    Cholecystocholangitis

E.     Biliary dyskinesia

55.            nWhich symptom is shown in Fig. 19?

A.    *Pseudo-hump

B.    Heart hump     

C.    Kyphoscoliosis

D.    Lumbar lordosis

E.     Scoliosis

56.            nThe defeat of what system lead to patient posture in Fig. 19?

A.    *Muscular

B.    Skeletal

C.    Nervous

D.    Respiratory

E.     Cardiovascular

57.            nCurvature of the spine in a child in Fig. 19 is due to:

A.    *Muscular hypotonia irickets

B.    Muscle hypertonus in rickets n

C.    Bone deformities irickets

D.    Perverted osteogenesis nin rickets

E.     Respiratory diseases irickets

58.            nThe pose of the child in Fig. 19 is caused by:

A.    *Muscular hypotonia

B.    Asthma attacks

C.    Bone deformities

D.    Dispneic-hypercyanotic nattack in Fallot’s disease

E.     Congenital anomalies of nthe respiratory system

59.            nWhat spinal deformity is shown in Fig. 19?

A.    *Lumbar kyphosis

B.    Lumbar lordosis

C.    Thoracic kyphosis

D.    Thoracic lordosis

E.     Sacral kyphosis

60.            nWhat disease is characterized by such child’s posture in Fig. 19?

A.    *Rickets

B.    Congenital heart disease n

C.    Spasmophilia

D.    Meningitis

E.     Poliomyelitis

61.            nWhat typical radiological signs of rickets are represented in this npicture (Fig. 20)?

A.    *Osteoid hyperplasia, and nosteomalacia

B.    Osteoid hyperplasia

C.    Osteoporosis

D.    Osteophytes

E.     Osteoporosis and nosteophytes

62.            nName the bone deformation on this radiograph (Fig. 20):

A.    *Valgus

B.    Varus

C.    “Bow legs”

D.    Combined

E.     No deformation

63.            nWhich pathology radiographic signs in this picture (Fig. 20) a typical nfor?

A.    *Rickets

B.    Rheumatoid arthritis

C.    Rheumatic arthritis

D.    Brittle bones n(osteogenesis imperfecta)

E.     Achondroplasia

64.            nWhich pathology radiographic signs in this picture (Fig. 21) are typical nfor?

A.    *Left-sided pneumothorax

B.    Hypoplasia of the right nlung

C.    Agenesis of the right nlung

D.    Left-sided pneumoempyema n

E.     Left-sided hemothorax

65.            nWhat pathology is represented in this picture (Fig. 21)?

A.    *Left-sided pneumothorax

B.    Right lung aplasia

C.    Agenesis of right lung

D.    Pulmonary sequestration

E.     Dextracardia

66.            nRadiological signs of pneumothorax (Fig. 21) are characterized by:

A.    *The shift of the nmediastinal organs to the healthy side

B.    The shift of the nmediastinal organs to the affected side

C.    Mediastinal organs are nnot shifted

D.    The narrowing of the nintercostal spaces on the affected side

E.     The absence of lung npattern on the healthy side

67.            nRadiological signs of pneumothorax (Fig. 21) are characterized by:

A.    *Expansion of the nintercostal space on the affected side

B.    The shift of the nmediastinal organs in the affected side

C.    Expansion of the nintercostal space on the healthy side

D.    The narrowing of the nintercostal space on the affected side

E.     The absence of lung npattern on the healthy side

68.            nRadiological signs of pneumothorax (Fig. 21) are characterized by:

A.    *The absence of lung npattern on the affected side

B.    The shift of the nmediastinal organs in the affected side

C.    Expansion of the nintercostal space on the healthy side

D.    The narrowing of the nintercostal space on the affected side

E.     The absence of lung npattern on the healthy side

69.            nWhat typical radiological signs of rickets are represented in this picture n(Fig. 22)?

A.    Osteomalacia

B.    Carpal subluxation

C.    Osteophytes

D.    *A “saucer” nsymptom

E.     Osteoporosis

70.            nWhat typical symptoms of rickets are represented in this picture (Fig. n22)?

A.    *Rachitic bracelets

B.    Carpal bones softening

C.    Rachitic rosary

D.    Rachitic “strings nof pearls”

E.     Premature closure of ngrowth zones

71.            nWhat typical radiological signs of rickets are represented in this npicture (Fig. 22)?

A.    Brittle bones n(osteogenesis imperfecta)

B.    Carpal subluxation

C.    Osteophytes

D.    *Osteoid hyperplasia

E.     Osteoporosis

72.            nWhich pathology radiographic signs in this picture (Fig. 22) are typical nfor?

A.    *Rickets

B.    Rheumatoid arthritis

C.    Rheumatic arthritis

D.    Brittle bones n(osteogenesis imperfecta)

E.     Achondroplasia

73.            nFigure 23 shows:

A.    Rachitic bracelets

B.    Rachitic rosary

C.    *Varus deformity of limbs n

D.    Valgus deformity of nlimbs

E.     Osteoid hyperplasia

74.            nThis deformation of the limbs (Fig. 23) is characteristic for:

A.    *Rickets, third degree

B.    Subacute course of nrickets

C.    Initial period of nrickets

D.    Rickets, first degree

E.     Rickets, second degree

75.            nFigure 24 presents:

A.    Rachitic bracelets

B.    Rachitic rosary

C.    Varus deformity of limbs n

D.    Osteoid hyperplasia

E.     *Valgus deformity of nlimbs

76.            nThis deformation of the limbs (Fig. 24) is characteristic for:

A.    *Acute rickets

B.    Subacute rickets

C.    Initial period of nrickets

D.    Rickets, first degree

E.     Rickets, second degree

77.            nThis deformation of the limbs (Fig. 24) is characteristic for:

A.    Rickets, first degree, nacute course

B.    Rickets, first degree, nsubacute course

C.    Rickets second degree, nsubacute course

D.    Initial period of nrickets

E.     *Rickets, third degree, nacute course

78.            nFigure 25 presents:

A.    Rachitic bracelets

B.    *Rachitic rosary

C.    Chicken chest

D.    Pigeon chest

E.     “String of npearls”

79.            nPresented at Figure 25 changes of the chest are characteristic for: 

A.    Rickets, first degree, nacute course

B.    Rickets, a residual period 

C.    Rickets, second degree, nacute course

D.    Initial period of nrickets

E.     *Rickets second degree, nsubacute course

80.            nChanges of the thorax (Fig. 26) are characteristic for:

A.    Rickets first degree, nacute

B.    Rickets third degree, nsubacute

C.    Rickets second degree, subacute n

D.    Initial period of nrickets

E.     *Rickets third degree, nacute

81.            nChest deflection, shown in Fig. 26 is typical for:

A.    *Severe rickets

B.    Late congenital carditis n

C.    Hypoplastic lungs

D.    Asthma

E.     Diaphragm hernia

82.            nSuch deformation of the chest (Fig. 26) is characteristic for:

A.    *Acute rickets

B.    Subacute rickets

C.    Initial period of nrickets

D.    Rickets, first degree

E.     Rickets, second degree

83.            nWhat typical radiological signs of rickets are presented in Fig. 27?

A.    *Varus deformity of bones nand valgus deformity of the knees

B.    Valgus deformity of bone nand varus deformity of the knees

C.    Rachitic bracelets

D.    Valgus deformity of nlimbs

E.     Varus deformity of limbs n

84.            nWhich pathology radiographic signs in this picture (Fig. 27) are typical nfor?

A.    *Rickets

B.    Rheumatoid arthritis

C.    Rheumatic arthritis

D.    Brittle bones

E.     Achondroplasia

85.            nName the bones deformation on this radiograph (Fig. 27):

A.    Valgus

B.    *Varus

C.    “Knock knees”

D.    Combined

E.     No deformation

86.            nFigure 28 is representing:

A.    frontal and parietal nbossing

B.    *frontal bossing

C.    increased  anterior fontanel

D.    thickening of the nanterior fontanel margins

E.     parietal bossing

87.            nFigure 28 presents symptoms that are typical for:

A.    *Rickets

B.    hydrocephalus

C.    Congenital syphilis

D.    Craniostenosis 

E.     Inthracerebral nhypertension

88.            nWhich symptom is shown in Fig. 29?

A.    *“Drumsticks”

B.    paronychia

C.    polyarthritis

D.    celonychia

E.     Raynaud’s syndrome

89.            nWhich symptom is shown in Fig. 29?

A.    *“clubbing” nfingers

B.    paronychia

C.    polyarthritis

D.    celonychia      

E.     Raynaud’s syndrome

90.            nDepicted in Fig. 29 symptom is characteristic for:

A.    congenital heart disease

B.    acute heart failure

C.    *chronic diseases of the nheart and lungs

D.    polyarticular form of njuvenile rheumatoid arthritis

E.     systemic form of njuvenile rheumatoid arthritis

91.            nA radiograph of the chest cavity (Fig. 30) presents:

A.    *segmental pneumonia

B.    focal pneumonia

C.    lobular pneumonia

D.    lobar pneumonia

E.     destructive pneumonia

92.            nRadiograph (Fig. 30) corresponds to the diagnosis of:

A.    *segmental pneumonia

B.    lobar pneumonia

C.    focal bronchopneumonia

D.    staphylococcal pneumonia n

E.     obstructive bronchitis

93.            nA radiograph of the chest cavity (Fig. 30) shows pneumonia, which refers nto:

A.    *bronchopneumonia

B.    interstitial pneumonia

C.    lobular pneumonia

D.    lobar pneumonia

E.     pleuropneumonia

94.            nFig. 31 shows the drug that belongs to:

A.    *antibiotics

B.    probiotics

C.    antiinflammatory

D.    expectorants

E.     mucolytics

95.            nAntibiotic of which group is represented on Fig. 31?

A.    *macrolides

B.    penicillins

C.    aminoglycosides

D.    cephalosporins

E.     fluoroquinolones

96.            nFig. 31 shows the drug that does not belong to: 

A.    *mucolytics;

B.    macrolides;

C.    antibiotics;

D.    etiotrop drugs ipneumonia;

E.     everything is wrong

97.            nFig. 31 shows the drug that does not belong to:

A.    *everything is true

B.    aminoglycosides

C.    cephalosporins

D.    penicillins

E.     tetracyclines

98.            nIndicate the dose of this drug (Fig. 31) for pneumonia treatment ichildren:

A.    *6-8 mg / kg / day

B.    10-15 mg / kg / day

C.    30-50 mg / kg / day

D.    50-100 mg / kg / day

E.     25-30 mg / kg / day

99.            nIndicate the dose and the multiplicity of pneumonia treatment by this nmedicine (Fig. 31) in children:

A.    *6-8 mg / kg / day in 2 ndivided doses

B.    10-15 mg / kg / day in 1 nreception

C.    6-8 mg / kg / day in 3 ndivided doses

D.    50-100 mg / kg / day i3 divided doses

E.     25-30 mg / kg / day in 3 ndivided doses

100.         nIndicate the multiplicity (per day) of pneumonia treatment by this nmedicine (Fig. 31) in children: 

A.    *2 times a day

B.    1 time a day

C.    3 times a day

D.    4 times a day

E.     It is not indicated for nchildren

101.         nPresented in Figure 32 drug belongs to:

A.    *mucolytics

B.    antibiotics

C.    antitussive drugs

D.    antihistamine drugs

E.     beta-agonists

102.         nPresented in Figure 32 the drug belongs to:

A.    *expectorants

B.    antispasmodics

C.    bronchodilators

D.    methylxanthines

E.     phytomedication

103.         nIndicate the dose and the multiplicity of receiving syrup, shown in Fig. n32, for 10 months old child.

A.    *2.5 ml 2 times a day

B.    2.5 ml 3 times a day

C.    2.5 ml 1 time a day

D.    5 ml 2 times a day

E.     5 ml 3 times a day

104.         nIndicate the dose and the multiplicity of receiving syrup, shown in Fig. n32, for child of 5 years.

A.    *2.5 ml 3 times a day

B.    2.5 ml 2 times a day

C.    2.5 ml 1 time a day

D.    5 ml 2 times a day

E.     5 ml 3 times a day

105.         nIndicate the dose and the multiplicity of receiving syrup, shown in Fig. n32, for primary school children.

A.    *5 ml 2 times a day

B.    10 ml 2 times a day

C.    2.5 ml 3 times a day

D.    2.5 ml 2 times a day

E.     2.5 ml 1 time a day

106.         nIndicate the dose and the multiplicity of receiving syrup, shown in Fig. n32, for middle school age.

A.    *5 ml 3 times a day

B.    10 ml 2 times a day

C.    2.5 ml 3 times a day

D.    2.5 ml 2 times a day

E.     2.5 ml 1 time a day

107.         nIn Fig. 33 drug belongs to

A.    *Combined mucolytics

B.    monotherapies

C.    Combined antitussive ndrugs

D.    combined antibiotic with nmucolytics

E.     everything is wrong

108.         nThis method of diagnosis (Fig. 34) is carried out to determine:

A.    *everything is true

B.    the availability and nform of bronchiectasis

C.    deformation of the nbronchi

D.    bronchial obstruction

E.     anomalies of the bronchi n

109.         nName the method of diagnosis that is presented in Fig. 34:

A.    *Bronchography

B.    Arteriography

C.    Alveolography

D.    Bronchoscopy

E.     Coronary arteriography

110.         nRate changes on this radiograph (Fig. 37).

A.    *Right-sided hemothorax

B.    Right-sided nstaphylococcal pneumonia

C.    Right-sided pneumothorax n

D.    Right-sided pleuropneumonia n

E.     Abscess of the right nlung

111.         nName changes present on this bronchogram (Fig. 34):

A.    *Bronchiectasis of the nright lung middle lobe

B.    Normal bronchial tree

C.    Bronchiectasis of the nright lung

D.    Bronchiectasis of the nright lung lower lobe

E.     Bronchiectasis of the nright lung upper lobe

112.         nFig. 35 shows 5 years old child’s bronchogram who had suffered from nsevere adenovirus pneumonia in infancy. What’s it display?

A.    Cylindrical and varicose nbronchiectasis

B.    *Cylindrical nbronchiectasis

C.    Varicose bronchiectasis

D.    Normal bronchogram

E.     Sacculated nbronchiectasis

113.         nThis method of diagnosis (Fig. 35) is carried out to determine:

A.    *everything is true

B.    the availability and nform of bronchiectasis

C.    deformation of the nbronchi

D.    bronchial obstruction

E.     anomalies of the bronchi n

114.         nFig. 36 represented 3 years old child’s bronchogram who had suffered nfrom severe adenovirus pneumonia in infancy. What’s it displays?

A.    Cylindrical and varicose nbronchiectasis

B.    Cylindrical nbronchiectasis

C.    Varicose bronchiectasis

D.    Normal bronchogram

E.     *Sacculated bronchiectasis n

115.         nThis method of diagnosis (Fig. 36) is carried out to determine:

A.    *everything is true

B.    the availability and nform of bronchiectasis

C.    deformation of the nbronchi

D.    bronchial obstruction

E.     anomalies of the bronchi n

116.         nRate changes on this radiograph (Fig. 37).

A.    *Right-sided pleurisy

B.    Right-sided destructive npneumonia

C.    Hiatal hernia

D.    Right-sided npneumoempyema

E.     Right-sided lobar npneumonia

117.         nWhat is shown in Figure 38?

A.    *Pectus excavatum

B.    “Chickechest”

C.    Rachitic rosary

D.    Paralytic chest

E.     Asthenic chest

118.         nWhat deformation of the thorax is shown in Figure 38?

A.    *Funnel

B.    Carinate

C.    Navicular

D.    Barrel

E.     Chicken

119.         nRate changes on this radiograph (Fig. 39).

A.    *Right-sided upper lobe npneumonia

B.    Right-sided middle lobe npneumonia

C.    Right-sided upper lobe natelectasis

D.    Right-sided middle lobe natelectasis

E.     Right-sided npleuropneumonia

120.         nTo 15 years old patient pneumonia was diagnosed (Fig. 39). Name the nlocalization of the lesion:

A.    *upper lobe of right lung n

B.    middle lobe of the right nlung

C.    upper lobe of left lung

D.    lingular segments of the nleft lung

E.     upper and middle lobes nof the right lung

121.         nThis radiograph of the chest cavity (Fig. 39) presents:

A.    segmental pneumonia

B.    bronchoalveolitis

C.    interstitial pneumonia

D.    *lobar pneumonia

E.     confluent lobular npneumonia

122.         nRate changes on the radiograph (Fig. 40).

A.    left-sided pneumoempyema n

B.    *left-sided pleurisy

C.    left-sided atelectasis nof the lower lobe

D.    left-sided lower lobe npneumonia

E.     left-sided abscess of nthe upper lobe

123.         nRate changes on radiograph (Fig. 40).

A.    *Left-sided hemothorax

B.    Left- sided staphylococcal npneumonia

C.    Left-sided pneumothorax

D.    Right-sided npleuropneumonia

E.     Abscess of the left lung n

124.         nRate changes on the radiograph (Fig. 41).

A.    *Destructive pneumonia nwith multiple cysts

B.    Abscess formation of the nright lung

C.    Right-sided lobar npneumonia

D.    Right-sided npleuropneumonia

E.     Focal emphysema

125.         nRate changes on x-ray (Fig. 42).

A.    *Destructive pneumonia nwith abscess formation

B.    Lung abscess formation

C.    Lobar pneumonia

D.    Pleuropneumonia

E.     Lobar emphysema

126.         nRate changes on the radiograph (Fig. 42).

A.    *Destructive pneumonia

B.    Multicystic right lung

C.    Lobar pneumonia

D.    Right-sided nbronchiectasis 

E.     Lobar emphysema

127.         nRate changes on the radiograph (Fig. 43).

A.    Right-sided pleurisy

B.    Right-sided npleuropneumonia

C.    Right-sided hemothorax

D.    Atelectasis of the right nlung

E.     *Right lung aplasia

128.         nWhat pathology is represented in this picture (Fig. 43)?

A.    Left-sided pneumothorax

B.    *Right lung aplasia

C.    Agenesis of the left nlung

D.    Right-sided npneumoempyema

E.     Right-sided hemothorax

129.         nWhat pathology is represented in this picture (Fig. 43)?

A.    Left-sided pneumothorax

B.    *Right lung aplasia

C.    Right-sided lobar npneumonia

D.    Right-sided pulmonary nsequestration

E.     Dextracardia

130.         nRadiological signs of the lung aplasia (Fig. 43) are characterized by:

A.    The shift of the nmediastinal organs to the healthy side

B.    *The shift of the nmediastinal organs to the affected side

C.    Mediastinal organs are nnot shifted

D.    The narrowing of nintercostal spaces on the healthy side

E.     The absence of lung npattern on the healthy side

131.         nRadiological signs of the lung aplasia (Fig. 43) are characterized nby: 

A.    The expansion of the nintercostal spaces on the affected side

B.    *The narrowing of the nintercostal space on the affected side

C.    The presence of lung npattern on the healthy side

D.    The narrowing of the nintercostal space on the healthy side

E.     The shift of the nmediastinal organs to the healthy side

132.         nRadiological signs of the lung aplasia (Fig. 43) are characterized by:

A.    *The absence of lung npattern on the affected side

B.    The shift of the nmediastinal organs to the healthy side

C.    Expansion of the nintercostal spaces on the affected side

D.    The narrowing of the nintercostal spaces on the healthy side

E.     The absence of lung npattern on the healthy side

133.         nRate changes on the radiograph (Fig. 44).

A.    *Left-sided lower lobe nposterior basal pneumonia

B.    Left-sided medial lobe npneumonia

C.    Left-sided lower lobe nposterior basal atelectasis

D.    Left-sided lower lobe nanterior basal pneumonia

E.     Left-sided upper lobe nlingular pneumonia

134.         nA radiograph of the chest cavity (Fig. 44) presents:

A.    *segmental pneumonia

B.    focal pneumonia

C.    interstitial pneumonia

D.    lobar pneumonia

E.     lobular pneumonia

135.         nRate changes on the radiograph ((Fig. 45).

A.    Right lower lobe npneumonia

B.    Right medial lobe npneumonia

C.    Right upper lobe npneumonia

D.    *Right-sided npolysegmental pneumonia

E.     Right-sided npleuropneumonia

136.         nA radiograph of the chest cavity (Fig. 45) presents:

A.    *polysegmental pneumonia

B.    focal pneumonia

C.    interstitial pneumonia

D.    lobar pneumonia

E.     lobular pneumonia

137.         nWhat is a common symptom of rheumatoid arthritis presented in this npicture (Fig. 46)?

A.    *Suprapatellar edema

B.    Rheumatic nodules

C.    Knee hemarthrosis

D.    Knee Aankylosis

E.     Left-sided arthritis

138.         nWhat type of arthritis is presented in this picture (Fig. 46)?

A.    Rheumatic

B.    Rheumatoid, npoliarticular form

C.    *Rheumatoid, npauciarticular form

D.    Osteoarthritis

E.     Gout

139.         nEdema of the patella (Fig. 46) is typical for:

A.    *Rheumatoid arthritis

B.    Rheumatic arthritis

C.    Lupoid arthritis

D.    Reactive arthritis

E.     Infectious-allergic narthritis

140.         nPatient has poliarticular form of rheumatoid arthritis (Fig.46), specify nthe characteristic shape of the damaged knee joint.

A.    *Globular

B.    Fusiform

C.    Varus

D.    Deformatioot evident nduring examination

E.     Valgus

141.         nWhat type of arthritis is presented in this picture (Fig. 47)?

A.    Rheumatic

B.    Rheumatoid, npauciarticular form

C.    *Rheumatoid, npoliarticular form

D.    Osteoarthritis

E.     Gout

142.         nWhat type of arthritis is presented in this picture (Fig. 47)?

A.    *Rheumatoid arthritis

B.    Rheumatic arthritis

C.    Lupoid arthritis

D.    Reactive arthritis

E.     Infectious-allergic narthritis

143.         nThe patient has poliarticular form of rheumatoid arthritis (Fig. 47), nspecify the characteristic shape of she damaged interphalangeal joints.

A.    Globular

B.    *Fusiform

C.    No deformation

D.    Deformatioot evident nduring examination

E.     Valgus

144.         nWhat symptoms characteristic for rheumatoid arthritis, are presented ithis picture (Fig. 48)?

A.    osteoporosis, nosteophytes, periarticular edema

B.    *subluxation, nosteoporosis, narrowing of joint space

C.    osteoid hyperplasia, nankylosis

D.    osteoporosis, nosteophytes, ankylosis

E.     subluxation, nperiarticular edema

145.         nFor what arthritis is typical this X-ray (Fig. 48)?

A.    Rheumatoid

B.    Rheumatoid, npauciarticular form

C.    *Rheumatoid, npoliarticular form

D.    Lupoid

E.     Infectious-allergic

146.         nWhat form of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by this nradiograph (Fig. 48)?

A.    *Pauciarticular

B.    Poliarticular

C.    Systemic

D.    Still syndrome

E.     Visler-Fanconi subsepsis n

147.         nSuch fingers position is characteristic for (Fig. 49):

A.    *Rheumatoid arthritis

B.    Ehlers-Danlos syndrome

C.    Marfan’s disease

D.    Osteoarthritis

E.     Gout

148.         nWhat causes deformation of the fingers in this patient (Fig. 49)?

A.    *Rheumatoid arthritis

B.    Rheumatic arthritis

C.    Gout

D.    Lupoid arthritis

E.     Infectious-allergic narthritis

149.         nWhat causes deformation of the fingers in this patient (Fig. 49)?

A.    *Subluxation of ninterphalangeal joints

B.    Narrowing of joint space nin fingers’ joints

C.    Osteoid hyperplasia

D.    Periarticular edema

E.     The development of nosteophytes

 

150.         nDeformation of joints, shown in this radiograph (Fig. 50) is called as:

A.    boutonniere

B.    *subluxation

C.    ankylosis

D.    bracelets

E.     rosary

151.         nWhat causes deformation of the hand in Fig. 50?

A.    *Subluxations of nmetacarpophalangeal joints

B.    Subluxations of ninterphalangeal joints

C.    Narrowing of joint space nin interphalangeal joints

D.    Osteoid hyperplasia

E.     The development of nosteophytes

152.         nWhich form of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by this nradiograph (Fig. 50)?

A.    Pauciarticular

B.    *Poliarticular

C.    Systemic

D.    Still syndrome

E.     Visler-Fanconi subsepsis n

153.         nWhat disease is characterized by deformation of the hand as on this nradiograph (Fig. 50)?

A.    *Rheumatoid arthritis

B.    Rheumatic rthritis

C.    Gout

D.    Lupoid arthritis

E.     Infectious-allergic narthritis

154.         nFig. 51 represents X-ray of the knee joint from a patient with juvenile nrheumatoid arthritis, auciarticular form. Name the characteristic changes.

A.    *joint space loss, nerosion

B.    periarticular edema, nosteoporosis

C.    erosion, osteoporosis

D.    osteoporosis, ankylosis

E.     ankylosis, erosions

155.         nWhat periarticular symptoms are presented in this radiograph (Fig. 51)?

A.    *swelling over the npatella

B.    joint space loss

C.    periarticular fibrosis

D.    osteoporosis

E.     ankylosis

156.         nWhich form of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by this nradiograph (Fig. 51)?

A.    *Pauciarticular

B.    Poliarticular

C.    Systemic

D.    Still syndrome

E.     Visler-Fanconi subsepsis n

157.         nThe patient has poliarticular form of rheumatoid arthritis (Fig. 51). nIndicate the characteristic shape of the knee joint in this case.

A.    *Globular

B.    Fusiform

C.    Varus

D.    The deformation is not ntypical

E.     Valgus

158.         nA girl of 2 years (Fig. 52) has juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. What is nthe most likely form of JRA in his child?

A.    poliarticular

B.    *pauciarticular

C.    Still syndrome

D.    Chronic

E.     Visler-Fanconi subsepsis

159.         nWhat is a typical symptom of rheumatoid arthritis is presented in this npicture (Fig. 52)?

A.    *Edema of the knee joint

B.    Rheumatic nodules

C.    Knee hemarthrosis

D.    Ankylosis of the knee njoint

E.     Rheumatoid nodules

160.         nThe patient has rheumatoid arthritis (Fig. 52), specify the shape of the naffected joint.

A.    *Globular

B.    Fusiform

C.    Varus

D.    Deformation is not nevident during examination

E.     Valgus

161.         nWhat is shown in Fig. 53?

A.    *Spider angioma

B.    Cavernous hemangioma

C.    Capillaritis

D.    Porto-caval anastomosis

E.     Erythema

162.         nWhat is shown in Fig. 53?

A.    *Spider angioma

B.    Papule

C.    Tubercle

D.    Vesicle

E.     Macula

163.         nWhat diseases are characterized by the appearance of this phenomeno(Fig. 53)?

A.    *Chronic diseases of nhepato-biliary system

B.    Chronic diseases of the ncardiovascular system

C.    Chronic diseases of nurinary system

D.    Chronic diseases of nrespiratory system

E.     Chronic diseases of the ngastrointestinal tract

164.         nFig. 54 presents X-ray of the knee from a patient with juvenile nrheumatoid arthritis, pauciarticular form. What is the radiological stage of arthritis nin this case?

A.    1st 

B.    2nd

C.    3rd 

D.    *4th 

E.     5th 

165.         nWhat is the most likely form of rheumatoid arthritis in this patient n(Fig. 54)?

A.    poliarticular

B.    *pauciarticular

C.    Systemic

D.    Still syndrome

E.     Visler-Fanconi subsepsis n

166.         nFig. 54 presents X-ray of the knee from a patient with juvenile nrheumatoid arthritis. Enter the characteristic changes.

A.    joint space loss

B.    periarticular edema

C.    erosion, osteoporosis

D.    *ankylosis

E.     pseudoluxation

167.         nIn Fig. 56 is represented an X-ray of a patient with:

A.    *Inflammation of knee njoints

B.    Hemarthrosis knee joints n

C.    Subluxations of knee njoints

D.    Knees osteoarthritis

E.     Healthy patient

168.         nWhich form of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by this nradiograph (Fig. 54)?

A.    *Pauciarticular

B.    Poliarticular

C.    Systemic

D.    Still syndrome

E.     Visler-Fanconi subsepsis n

169.         nWhat disease is characterized by the appearance of this phenomenon (Fig. n53)?

A.    *Chronic hepatitis

B.    Chronic gastroduodenitis n

C.    Gastric ulcer

D.    Acute hepatitis

E.     Chronic pancreatitis

170.         nWhat disease is characterized by the appearance of this phenomenon (Fig. n53)?

A.    *Chronic cholangitis

B.    Chronic gastritis

C.    Duodenal peptic ulcer

D.    Ulcerative colitis

E.     Malabsorption syndrome

171.         nThe patient has pauciarticular form of rheumatoid arthritis (Fig. 54). nIndicate the characteristic shape of the knee joint in this case.

A.    *Globular

B.    Fusiform

C.    Varus

D.    The deformation is not ntypical

E.     Valgus

172.         nWhat type of arthritis is presented in this picture (Fig. 54)?

A.    Rheumatic

B.    *Rheumatoid

C.    Infectious-allergic

D.    Lupoid

E.     Gout

173.         nIndicate the nature of eruption (red, bumpy and hot to the touch) iFigure 55.

A.    Erythema annulare

B.    Erythema multiforme

C.    Polymorphous rash

D.    Toxic erythema

E.     *Nodular erythema

174.         nRash (red, bumpy and hot to the touch) shown in Figure 55 is ncharacteristic for:

A.    *Rheumatism, the active nphase

B.    Rheumatoid arthritis, nsystemic form

C.    Urticaria

D.    Drug allergy

E.     Allergic diathesis

175.         nWhat is the rash (red, bumpy and hot to the touch) shown in Figure 55 nmorphology?

A.    *Node

B.    Papule

C.    Blister

D.    Vesicle

E.     Spot

176.         nThe patient has pauciarticular form of rheumatoid arthritis (Fig. 56). nIndicate the characteristic shape of knees in this case.

A.    *Globular

B.    Fusiform

C.    Varus

D.    The deformation is not ntypical

E.     Valgus

177.         nWhat type of arthritis is presented in this picture (Fig. 57)?

A.    Rheumatic

B.    *Rheumatoid, npoliarticular form

C.    Rheumatoid, npauciarticular form

D.    Osteoarthritis

E.     Gout

178.         nWhat is the most likely form of rheumatoid arthritis in this patient n(Fig. 57)?

A.    n*poliarticular

B.    npauciarticular

C.    Systemic

D.    Still syndrome

E.     Visler-Fanconi subsepsis n

179.         nWhat is the disease in this patient (Fig. 57)?

A.    *juvenile rheumatoid arthritis n

B.    rheumatic arthritis

C.    tuberculous arthritis

D.    psoriatic arthritis

E.     reactive arthritis

180.         nSuch deformation of the lower extremities in a child of 3 years old n(Fig. 58) is characteristic for:

A.    *juvenile rheumatoid narthritis

B.    vitamin D-resistant nrickets

C.    rheumatoid arthritis

D.    de Toni-Debre-Fanconi ndisease

E.     deformation is absent

181.         nThis deformation of the lower extremities in children (Fig. 58) is ncalled:

A.    Varus

B.    Osteoid hyperplasia

C.    *Valgus

D.    Ankylosis

E.     Boutonniere symptom

182.         nFig. 59 presents X-ray of:

A.    *Elbow joints of patients nwith juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

B.    Knee joints of patients nwith juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

C.    Elbow joints of patients nwith rheumatic arthritis

D.    Knee joints of patients nwith rheumatic arthritis

E.     Elbow joints of healthy npatient

183.         nWhat characteristic symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis are presented at nthis picture (Fig. 59)?

A.    osteoporosis, nosteophytes

B.    joint space widening

C.    *ankylosis

D.    periarticular edema

E.     subluxation

184.         nwhat is shown on this echocardiogram (Fig. 60)?

A.    Pentadiene Fallot

B.    Tricuspid valve ninsufficiency

C.    Healthy Heart

D.    *Atrial septal defect

E.     Triad Fallot

185.         nWhat method of investigation is presented in Fig. 60?

A.    *Echocardioscopy

B.    Neurosonography

C.    Doppler echocardioscopy

D.    Electrocardiography

E.     Abdominal ultrasound

186.         nWhat is shown on this echocardiogram (Fig. 60)?

A.    Ventricular septal ndefect

B.    Mitral valve ninsufficiency

C.    Tetralogy of Fallot

D.    *Atrial septal defect

E.     Open foramen ovale

187.         nTo which group of congenital heart diseases belong those one, presented nin Fig. 60?

A.    *With left to right shunt

B.    With right to left shunt

C.    With blood flow nrestriction

D.    With decreased pulmonary ncirculation

E.     “Blue” defects n

188.         nTo which group of congenital heart diseases belong those one, presented nin Fig. 60?

A.    *With overload pulmonary ncirculation

B.    With right to left shunt n

C.    With blood flow nrestriction

D.    With decreased pulmonary ncirculation

E.     “Blue” defects n

189.         nTo which group of congenital heart diseases belong those one, presented nin Fig. 60?

A.    *“Pale” defects n

B.    With right to left shunt

C.    With blood flow nrestriction

D.    With decreased pulmonary ncirculation

E.     “Blue” defects n

190.         nWhat is shown in this angiogram (Fig. 61)?

A.    Angiogram of the normal naorta

B.    Ductus arteriosus

C.    *Coarctation of the aorta n

D.    Aortic stenosis

E.     Stenosis of pulmonary nartery

191.         nWhat method of investigation is presented in Fig. 61?

A.    Echocardioscopy

B.    *Aortic angiography

C.    Doppler echocardioscopy

D.    Renal angiography

E.     MRI

192.         nTo which group of congenital heart diseases belong those one, presented nin Fig. 61?

A.    “Pale” defects n

B.    With right to left shunt

C.    *With blood flow nrestriction

D.    With decreased pulmonary ncirculation

E.     “Blue” defects n

193.         nScheme of which congenital heart disease is shown in Figure 62?

A.    Tetralogy of Fallot

B.    *Ventricular septal ndefect

C.    Left ventricular nhypertrophy

D.    Pulmonary stenosis

E.     Triad Fallot

194.         nTo which group of congenital heart diseases belong those one, presented nin Fig. 62?

A.    *With left to right shunt

B.    With right to left shunt n

C.    With blood flow nrestriction

D.    With decreased pulmonary ncirculation

E.     “Blue” defects n

195.         nTo which group of congenital heart diseases belong those one, presented iFig. 62?

A.    *With overload pulmonary ncirculation

B.    With right to left shunt

C.    With blood flow nrestriction

D.    With decreased pulmonary ncirculation

E.     “Blue” defects n

196.         nTo which group of congenital heart diseases belong those one, presented nin Fig. 62?

A.    *“Pale” defects n

B.    With right to left shunt n

C.    With blood flow nrestriction

D.    With decreased pulmonary ncirculation

E.     “Blue” defects n

197.         nTo which group of congenital heart diseases belong those one, presented nin Fig. 63?

A.    *With overload pulmonary ncirculation

B.    With right to left shunt

C.    With blood flow nrestriction

D.    With decreased pulmonary ncirculation

E.     “Blue” defects n

198.         nTo which group of congenital heart diseases belong those one, presented nin Fig. 63?

A.    *“Pale” defects n

B.    With right to left shunt

C.    With blood flow nrestriction

D.    With decreased pulmonary ncirculation

E.     “Blues” ndefects

199.         nTo which group of congenital heart diseases belong those one, presented nin Fig. 63?

A.    *With left to right shunt n

B.    With right to left shunt n

C.    With blood flow nrestriction

D.    With decreased pulmonary ncirculation

E.     “Blue” defects n

200.         nScheme of which congenital heart disease is shown in Figure 63?

A.    Tetralogy of Fallot

B.    *Atrial septal defect

C.    Left ventricular nhypertrophy

D.    Overriding aorta

E.     Triad Fallot

201.         nTo which group of congenital heart diseases belong those one, presented nin Fig. 64?

A.    *With left to right shunt n

B.    With right to left shunt

C.    With blood flow nrestriction

D.    With decreased pulmonary ncirculation

E.     “Blue” defects

202.         nTo which group of congenital heart diseases belong those one, presented nin Fig. 64?

A.    *With overload pulmonary ncirculation

B.    With right to left shunt n

C.    With blood flow nrestriction

D.    With decreased pulmonary ncirculation

E.     “Blue” defects n

203.         nTo which group of congenital heart diseases belong those one, presented nin Fig. 64?

A.    *“Pale” defects n

B.    With right to left shunt n

C.    With blood flow nrestriction

D.    With decreased pulmonary ncirculation

E.     “Blue” defects n

204.         nScheme of which congenital heart disease is shown in Figure 64?

A.    Tetralogy of Fallot

B.    *Patent ductus arteriosus n

C.    Left ventricular nhypertrophy

D.    Pulmonary stenosis

E.     Triad Fallot

205.         nScheme of which congenital heart disease is shown in Figure 65?

A.    *Tetralogy of Fallot

B.    Ventricular septal ndefect

C.    Right ventricular nhypertrophy

D.    Overriding aorta

E.     Triad Fallot

206.         nTo which group of congenital heart diseases belong those one, presented nin Fig. 65?

A.    *With right to left shunt n

B.    With left to right shunt

C.    With blood flow nrestriction

D.    With overload pulmonary ncirculation

E.     “Pale” defects n

207.         nTo which group of congenital heart diseases belong those one, presented nin Fig. 65?

A.    With overload pulmonary ncirculation

B.    With left to right shunt

C.    With blood flow nrestriction

D.    *With decreased pulmonary ncirculation

E.     “Pale” defects n

208.         nTo which group of congenital heart diseases belong those one, presented nin Fig. 65?

A.    “Pale” defects n

B.    With left to right shunt n

C.    With blood flow restrictio

D.    With overload pulmonary ncirculation

E.     *“Blue” defects n

209.         nTo which group of congenital heart diseases belong those one, presented nin Fig. 66?

A.    *With right to left shunt n

B.    With left to right shunt n

C.    With blood flow nrestriction

D.    With overload pulmonary ncirculation

E.     “Pale” defects n

210.         nTo which group of congenital heart diseases belong those one, presented nin Fig. 66?

A.    With overload pulmonary ncirculation

B.    With left to right shunt n

C.    With blood flow nrestriction

D.    *With decreased pulmonary ncirculation

E.     “Pale” defects n

211.         nTo which group of congenital heart diseases belong those one, presented nin Fig. 66?

A.    “Pale” defects n

B.    With left to right shunt n

C.    With blood flow nrestriction

D.    With overload pulmonary ncirculation

E.     *“Blue” defects n

212.         nScheme of which congenital heart disease is shown in Figure 66?

A.    Tetralogy of Fallot

B.    Atrial septal defect

C.    Right ventricular nhypertrophy

D.    Pulmonary stenosis

E.     *Triad of Fallot

213.         nTo which group of congenital heart diseases belong those one, presented nin Fig. 67?

A.    *“Blue” defects n

B.    With left to right shunt n

C.    With blood flow nrestriction

D.    With overload pulmonary ncirculation

E.     “Pale” defects n

214.         nScheme of which congenital heart disease is shown in Figure 67?

A.    Tetralogy of Fallot

B.    *Transposition of great nvessels

C.    Left ventricular nhypertrophy

D.    Pulmonary stenosis

E.     Triad Fallot

215.         nScheme of which congenital heart disease is shown in Figure 67?

A.    Pentadiene Fallot

B.    *Transposition of great nvessels

C.    Patent ductus arteriosus n

D.    Overriding aorta

E.     Healthy Heart

216.         nScheme of which congenital heart disease is shown in Figure 68?

A.    Coarctation of the aorta n

B.    *Patent ductus arteriosus n

C.    Aortic stenosis

D.    Pulmonary stenosis

E.     Hypoplasia of the left nventricle

217.         nTo which group of congenital heart diseases belong those one, presented nin Fig. 68?

A.    With right to left shunt

B.    With left to right shunt n

C.    *With blood flow nrestriction

D.    With overload pulmonary ncirculation

E.     “Pale” defects n

218.         nTo which group of congenital heart diseases belong those one, presented nin Fig. 68?

A.    Depleted pulmonary ncirculation

B.    “Blue” defects n

C.    *With blood flow nrestriction

D.    With overload pulmonary ncirculation

E.     “Pale” defects n

219.         nThis radiograph (Fig. 69) corresponds to the diagnosis of:

A.    *myocarditis

B.    normal chest X-ray

C.    thymomegaly

D.    mediastinal tumor

E.     pneumomediastinum

220.         nThis radiograph (Fig. 69) corresponds to the diagnosis of:

A.    hypertrophic ncardiomyopathy

B.    *dilated cardiomyopathy

C.    acute pericarditis

D.    restrictive ncardiomyopathy

E.     septic endocarditis

221.         nThe child is 2 years. Symptoms of cardiovascular system impairment were nidentified at birth. His mother in the third trimester of pregnancy suffered nfrom Upper Respiratory Tract viral infection. A radiograph revealed changes n(Fig. 69), which corresponds to the diagnosis of:

A.    *Late congenital nmyocarditis

B.    Early congenital nmyocarditis

C.    Congenital heart disease

D.    Rheumatic carditis

E.     Acute non-rheumatic ncarditis

222.         nThe child is 2 years. Symptoms of cardiovascular system impairment were nidentified at birth. His mother in the first trimester of pregnancy suffered nfrom rubella. A radiograph revealed changes (Fig. 69), which corresponds to the ndiagnosis of:

A.    Late congenital nmyocarditis

B.    Early congenital nmyocarditis

C.    *Congenital heart disease

D.    Rheumatic carditis

E.     Acute non-rheumatic ncarditis

223.         nOn this radiograph (Fig. 69) is represented:

A.    *cardiomegaly

B.    version rules

C.    pneumonia

D.    pneumomediastinum

E.     mediastinal tumor

224.         nOn this radiograph (Fig. 70) is represented:

A.    *cardiomegaly

B.    as a variant of the norm

C.    pneumonia

D.    pneumomediastinum

E.     mediastinal tumor

225.         nOn this radiograph (Fig. 70) is observed:

A.    *bulging of the left natrial appendage arc

B.    bulging of the right natrial appendage arc

C.    bulging of the aortic narch

D.    smoothing of the right nventricle arc

E.     smoothing of the npulmonary artery arc

226.         nThis radiograph (Fig. 70) is typical:

A.    *in overload pulmonary ncirculation

B.    in decreased pulmonary ncirculation

C.    in overload large ncirculation

D.    in decreased large ncirculation

E.     as a variant of the norm n

227.         nCardiothoracic index (Fig. 71) is:

A.    *ratio of the heart ndiameter to the thoracic cavity diameter

B.    ratio of the thoracic ncavity diameter to the heart diameter

C.    ratio of the vascular nbundle width to the heart diameter

D.    ratio of the thoracic ncavity diameter to the vascular bundle width

E.     everything is wrong

228.         nCardiothoracic index (Fig. 71) in children before 1 year is:

A.    *0,5 – 0,55

B.    0,3 – 0,35

C.    0,4 – 0,45

D.    0,2 – 0,25

E.     0,6 – 0,65

229.         nThis photograph (Fig. 71) shows the rules of measurement:

A.    *a cardiothoracic index

B.    the diameter of the nthoracic cavity to the diameter of the heart

C.    ratio of the vascular nbundle width to the heart diameter

D.    ratio of the thoracic ncavity diameter to the vascular bundle width

E.     everything is wrong

230.         nThis photograph (Fig. 72) shows the heart at:

A.    *hypertrophic ncardiomyopathy

B.    dilated cardiomyopathy

C.    acute myocarditis

D.    restrictive ncardiomyopathy

E.     bacterial endocarditis

231.         nThis photograph (Fig. 72) shows the heart at:

A.    *hypertrophic cardiomyopathy n

B.    tetralogy of Fallot

C.    Fallot triad

D.    transposition of great narteries

E.     patent ductus arteriosus n

232.         nThis photograph (Fig. 73) shows the heart at:

A.    *dilated cardiomyopathy

B.    ventricular septal ndefect

C.    atrial septal defect

D.    coarctation of the aorta n

E.     stenosis of the npulmonary artery

233.         nThis photograph (Fig. 73) presented :

A.    *dilated cardiomyopathy

B.    acute myocarditis

C.    restrictive ncardiomyopathy

D.    bacterial endocarditis

E.     hypertrophic ncardiomyopathy

234.         nWhat method of investigation (Fig. 74) could determine the topographic nlocalization of heart disease?

A.    *angiocardiography

B.    echocardiography

C.    electrocardiography

D.    radiography

E.     tomography

235.         nWhat method of investigation is presented at this photograph (Fig. 74)?

A.    *angiocardiography

B.    angiography of coronary narteries

C.    heart catheterization

D.    MRI

E.     computed tomography

236.         nWhat are microorganisms (Fig. 75), which persist in the gall bladder?

A.    *Giardia

B.    Amoebas

C.    Balantidias

D.    Cryptosporidium

E.     Helicobacter

237.         nThese microorganisms (Fig. 75) promote the development of:

A.    *Chronic cholecystitis

B.    Chronic gastritis

C.    Gastric ulcer

D.    Chronic pyelonephritis

E.     Chronic pancreatitis

238.         nGiardia (Fig. 75) promote the development of:

A.    *Chronic cholecystitis

B.    Chronic gastritis

C.    Gastric ulcer

D.    Chronic pyelonephritis

E.     Chronic pancreatitis

239.         nWhat are microorganisms (Fig. 75), which promote the development of nchronic inflammatory diseases of the biliary tract?

A.    *Giardia

B.    Amoeba

C.    Balantidias

D.    Cryptosporidium

E.     Helicobacter

240.         nWhat is shown in this EGD-gramm (Fig. 76)?

A.    duodenal cancer

B.    *duodenal ulcer

C.    erosive duodenitis

D.    atrophic gastritis

E.     erosive gastritis

241.         nWhat is shown in this EGD-gramm (Fig. 76)?

A.    Cicatrizing ulcer

B.    Normal pylorus

C.    Atrophic duodenitis

D.    Erosive duodenitis

E.     *Active duodenal ulcer

242.         nWhat is shown on this EGD-gramm (Fig. 76)?

A.    Acute duodenitis with nsuperficial erosions

B.    Edema and hyperemia of nthe mucous membrane in acute gastritis

C.    Normal pylorus

D.    *Active duodenal ulcer

E.     Cicatrizing duodenal nulcer

243.         nWhat is shown in this EGD-gramm (Fig. 77)?

A.    Superficial duodenitis

B.    Normal duodenal mucosa

C.    Atrophic duodenitis

D.    Erosive duodenitis

E.     *Cicatrizing duodenal nulcer

244.         nWhat is shown in this EGD-gramm (Fig. 77)?

A.    Acute duodenitis with nsurface erosions

B.    Edema and hyperemia of nthe mucous membrane in acute gastritis

C.    Duodenal cancer 

D.    Active duodenal ulcer

E.     *Cicatrizing duodenal nulcer

245.         nWhat is shown in this EGD-gramm (Fig. 77)?

A.    duodenal cancer 

B.    *duodenal ulcer

C.    erosive duodenitis

D.    atrophic gastritis

E.     erosive gastritis

246.         nWhat is shown in this ultrasonogramm (Fig. 78)?

A.    Normal intrahepatic nducts

B.    Thickened wall of nintrahepatic ducts

C.    Dilated cystic duct

D.    *Dilated intrahepatic nducts

E.     Sludge in the ngallbladder

247.         nThis ultrasonogramm (Fig. 78) is typical for:

A.    Healthy patient

B.    Cholecystitis

C.    Cholangiohepatitis

D.    Cholecystocholangitis

E.     *Biliary dyskinesia

248.         nThis ultrasonogramm (Fig. 78) is typical for:

A.    *Biliary congestion

B.    Chronic hepatitis

C.    Biliary inflammation

D.    Cirrhosis

E.     Healthy patient

249.         nThis ultrasonogramm (Fig. 78) shows the development of:

A.    Syndrome of cytolysis

B.    *Syndrome of cholestasis

C.    Syndrome of polyclonal ngammapathy

D.    Mesenichimal-inflammatory nsyndrome

E.     Hepatic necrosis

250.         nThis ultrasonogramm (Fig. 79) shows the development of:

A.    Syndrome of cytolysis

B.    *Syndrome of cholestasis

C.    Syndrome of polyclonal ngammapathy

D.    Mesenichimal-inflammatory nsyndrome

E.     Hepatic necrosis

251.         nWhat is shown in this ultrasonogramm (Fig. 79)?

A.    Normal gallbladder

B.    A gallstone

C.    Thickening and swelling nof the gallbladder wall 

D.    A gallstone, cystic duct nextension

E.     *Sludge in the ngallbladder

252.         nThis ultrasonogramm (Fig. 79) is typical for:

A.    Healthy patient

B.    Cholecystitis

C.    Cholangitis

D.    Cholecystocholangitis

E.     *Biliary dyskinesia

253.         nWhat is shown on this ultrasonogramm (Fig. 80)?

A.    *Thickening and swelling nof the gallbladder wall, gallstones

B.    Normal gallbladder

C.    Thickening and swelling nof the gallbladder wall

D.    Dilated gallbladder

E.     Sludge in the ngallbladder

254.         nThis ultrasonogramm (Fig. 80) is typical for:

A.    Healthy patient

B.    *Cholecystitis with ncholelithiasis

C.    Cholelithiasis

D.    Cholecystocholangitis

E.     Biliary dyskinesia

255.         nWhich symptom is shown in Figure 81?

A.    *“Geographic ntongue”

B.    Raspberry tongue

C.    Furred tongue

D.    Plicated tongue

E.     Acute stomatitis

256.         nWhich state is characterized by such tongue (Fig. 81)?

A.    *Exudative-catharrhal nconstitution abnormality

B.    Nerve-arthritic nconstitution abnormality

C.    Lymphatic-hypoplastic nconstitution abnormality

D.    Chronic liver and nbiliary tract diseases

E.     Chronic digestive system ndiseases 

257.         nSymptom shown in Figure 82 is typical for:

A.    *biliary cirrhosis

B.    chronic gastritis

C.    chronic ncholecystocholangitis

D.    chronic cholecystitis

E.     biliary dyskinesia

258.         nSymptom shown in Figure 82 is typical for:

A.    acute hepatitis

B.    duodenal peptic ulcer

C.    gastric peptic ulcer

D.    chronic gastroduodenitis n

E.     *chronic hepatitis

259.         nSymptom represented in Fig. 82 points to:

A.    *The development of nporto-caval anastomosis

B.    The development of ncavernous hemangioma

C.    The development of ncapillaritis

D.    The development of nspider angiomas

E.     The development of ncavo-caval anastomosis

260.         nIn Fig. 82 symptom is characteristic for:

A.    *Portal hypertension

B.    Arterial hypertension

C.    Renal hypertension

D.    Liquor hypertension

E.     Deep vein thrombosis of nlower extremities

261.         nSuch localized edema (Fig. 83) is typical for:

A.    *Nephrotic syndrome

B.    Nephritic syndrome

C.    Chronic heart failure

D.    Quincke’s edema

E.     Chronic pyelonephritis

262.         nFig. 83 presented a patient with:

A.    *nephrotic form of nchronic glomerulonephritis

B.    hematuric form of nchronic glomerulonephritis

C.    isolated variant of nacute glomerulonephritis

D.    acute pyelonephritis

E.     imunoglbulin A-dependent nglomerulonephritis

263.         nWhat type of radiographs is presented in this picture (Fig. 84)?

A.    Survey X-ray of urinary nsystem

B.    *Intravenous excretory nurogram

C.    Urination cystogram

D.    Urinatiocystoureteropielogram

E.     Urethrocystogram

264.         nWhat is shown in this radiograph (Fig. 84)?

A.    *Hydronephrosis ntransformation kidney

B.    Variant rules

C.    Vesicoureteral reflux

D.    Multicystic kidney disease n

E.     Hypoplasia of left nkidney

265.         nWhat is shown in Fig. 85 on the left?

A.    *The prolapsus of the nright kidney

B.    Dystopia of the right nkidney

C.    The prolapsus of the nleft kidney

D.    Dystopia of the left nkidney

E.     A variant of the norm

266.         nWhat is shown in Fig. 85 on the right?

A.    The prolapsus of the nright kidney

B.    *Dystopia of the right nkidney

C.    The prolapsus of the nleft kidney

D.    Dystopia of the left nkidney

E.     A variant of the norm

267.         nFig. 86 represens:

A.    *Renal glomerule

B.    Renal tubule

C.    Renal bowl

D.    Renal calix

E.     Renal parenchyma

268.         nIn glomerulonephritis are affected (Fig. 86):

A.    *Renal glomeruli

B.    Renal tubules

C.    Renal bowls

D.    Renal calix

E.     Renal interstitium

269.         nFig. 87 represents a patient:

A.    *with anasarca

B.    with cardiac edema

C.    with ascites

D.    with uremia

E.     everything is wrong

270.         nMassive edema (Fig. 87) is characteristic for:

A.    *glomerulonephritis

B.    pyelonephritis

C.    urolithiasis

D.    Alport’s syndrome

E.     dismetabolic nephropathy n

271.         nAnasarca (Fig. 87) is characterized by:

A.    *massive swelling of all norgans and tissues

B.    swelling on face

C.    only ascites

D.    swelling of the hands

E.     edema on chest

272.         nAnasarca (Fig. 87) exept of massive swelling of all organs and tissues nis characterized by:

A.    *accumulation of fluid ithe pleural, pericardial cavity

B.    hydrocephalic-hypertensive nsyndrome

C.    ascites

D.    swelling at the distal nparts of limbs

E.     genital swelling

273.         nSyndrome of anasarca (Fig. 87) includes:

A.    *ascites, edema of limbs, nfluid in the cavities

B.    ascites, edema of the nface

C.    fluid in the pleural ncavity and pericardium

D.    swelling of the face and nlower extremities

E.     ascites and edema of nlimbs

274.         nRenal edema (Fig. 88) is:

A.    *warm, pale, soft

B.    warm, blue, soft

C.    warm, pale, dense

D.    cold, blue, dense

E.     cold, pale, soft

275.         nCardiac edema on Fig. 88 (opposite to the renal edema) is:

A.    warm

B.    pale

C.    soft

D.    *cold

E.     more expressed in the nmorning

276.         nCardiac edema on Fig. 88 (opposite to the renal edema) is:

A.    *blue

B.    pale

C.    soft

D.    warm

E.     more expressed  in the morning

277.         nCardiac edema on Fig. 88 (opposite to the renal edema) is:

A.    *dense

B.    pale

C.    soft

D.    warm

E.     more expressed in the nmorning

278.         nCardiac edema on Fig. 88 (opposite to the renal edema) is:

A.    *grow by the end of the nday

B.    pale

C.    soft

D.    warm

E.     more expressed in the nmorning

279.         nRenal edema on Fig. 89 (opposite to the cardiac edema) is:

A.    *warm

B.    blue

C.    dense

D.    cold

E.     grow by the end of the nday

280.         nRenal edema on Fig. 89 (opposite to the cardiac edema) is: 

A.    *localized mainly on the nface

B.    blue

C.    dense

D.    cold

E.     grow by the end of the nday

281.         nRenal edema on Fig. 89 (opposite to the cardiac edema) is:

A.    *pale

B.    blue

C.    dense

D.    cold

E.     grow by the end of the nday

282.         nRenal edema on Fig. 89 (opposite to the cardiac edema) is: 

A.    *soft

B.    blue

C.    dense

D.    cold

E.     grow by the end of the nday

283.         nOn the photograph (Fig. 89) is presented a patient with:

A.    *fcies nephritica

B.    fcies cordis

C.    Elf’s face

D.    healthy child

E.     child with Down’s nsyndrome

284.         nThe patient in Fig. 89 corresponds to the disease of:

A.    *kidneys

B.    liver

C.    heart

D.    lungs

E.     healthy child

285.         nFor kidney edema (Fig. 89) is typical first of all:

A.    *their appearance on the nface

B.    their appearance ohands

C.    their appearance on the nbuttocks

D.    their appearance on the nthighs

E.     everything is true

286.         nWhat is shown in Figure 90?

A.    Renal angiogram of a nhealthy child

B.    *Renal angiogram in a nhorseshoe kidney

C.    Renal angiogram in a ndoubled kidney

D.    Excretory urogram of a nhealthy child

E.     Excretory urogram in a nhorseshoe kidney

287.         nWhat method of investigation presented at this photograph (Fig. 90)?

A.    angiocardiography

B.    koronarocardiography

C.    *renal angiography

D.    kidneys MRI

E.     computed tomography of nthe kidneys

288.         nWhat abnormality is shown in Fig. 90?

A.    *a horseshoe kidney

B.    L-shaped kidney

C.    dystopia of the kidneys

D.    kidney’s prolapse

E.     S-shaped kidney

289.         nThis photograph (Fig. 91) shows:

A.    A child with nmalnutrition of the first degree

B.    *A child with nmalnutrition of the second degree

C.    A child with nmalnutrition of the third degree

D.    Healthy Child

E.     A child with marasmus

290.         nIn a child with malnutrition of the second degree (Fig. 91) the nsubcutaneous fat is:

A.    Reduced on the abdomeand extremities

B.    *Absent at the body, nreduced on the extremities

C.    Absent everywhere

D.    Normally developed

E.     Developed excessively

291.         nA child (Fig. 91) is 3 months old. His birth weight was 3.400 kg. Which nindex is better to use to determine the degree of malnutrition in this child?

A.    Weight-length ncoefficient

B.    *Percentage of the weight ndeficit

C.    Trophic index

D.    Index of proportionality n

E.     Index of nourishment

292.         nThis photograph (Fig. 92) shows:

A.    A child with nmalnutrition of the first degree

B.    *A child with nmalnutrition of the third degree

C.    A child with nmalnutrition of the second degree

D.    A patient with ncongenital hypothyroidism

E.     A child with kwashiorkor n

293.         nIn this child (Fig. 92) the subcutaneous fat is:

A.    Reduced on the abdomeand extremities

B.    Absent at the body, nreduced on the extremities

C.    *Absent everywhere

D.    Normally developed

E.     Developed excessively

294.         nThis photograph (Fig. 92) shows:

A.    The newborn with nprenatal malnutrition of the first degree

B.    *The newborn with nprenatal malnutrition of the third degree

C.    The newborn with nprenatal malnutrition of the second degree

D.    Preterm infant

E.     Prolonged (over term) nnewborn

295.         nThis photograph (Fig. 92) shows:

A.    The newborn with npostnatal malnutrition of the third degree

B.    *The newborn with nprenatal malnutrition of the third degree

C.    The newborn with npostnatal malnutrition of the second degree

D.    Deep preterm infants

E.     The newborn with npostnatal malnutrition of the first degree

296.         nWhich index is best to use to determine the degree of malnutrition ithis girl (Fig. 92), born in 38 weeks of gestation?

A.    *Weight-length ncoefficient

B.    Percentage of the weight ndeficit

C.    Trophic index

D.    Index of proportionality n

E.     Index of nourishment

297.         nWhich index is best to use to determine the degree of malnutrition ithis girl (Fig. 92), born in 34 weeks of gestation?

A.    Weight-length ncoefficient

B.    Percentage of the weight ndeficit

C.    *Trophic index

D.    Index of proportionality n

E.     Index of nourishment

298.         nWhat changes are presented in Figure 93?

A.    Marble skin pattern

B.    Euthrophia

C.    *Reduced skin elasticity

D.    Reduced soft tissues nturgor

E.     Normal skin elasticity

299.         nComplication of what disease can be weight loss for the child in Fig. n93?

A.    Acute intestinal ninfection

B.    Functional dyspepsia

C.    Pylorostenosis

D.    Cystic fibrosis

E.     *All listed before

300.         nWhat changes are presented in Figure 94?

A.    Malnutrition

B.    Paratrophia

C.    *Reduced skin elasticity

D.    Reduced soft tissues nturgor

E.     Normal skin elasticity

301.         nReduced skin elasticity in this child (Fig. 94) is due to:

A.    *Dehydration

B.    Malnutrition

C.    Pylorostenosis

D.    Protein-deficiency nanemia

E.     Reduced soft tissues nturgor

302.         nWhat symptom of dehydration is shown in Fig. 94?

A.    *Reduced skin elasticity

B.    Sunken large fontanel

C.    Weight loss more than 5% n

D.    Dryness of mucous nmembranes

E.     Oliguria

303.         nRepresented drug (Fig. 95) belongs to:

A.    *Enterosorbents

B.    Drugs for oral nrehydration

C.    Probiotics

D.    Drugs for parenteral nrehydration

E.     Enzyme preparations of nthe pancreas

304.         nGive a dose of this drug (Fig. 95) for a child with diarrhea:

A.    *100 mg / kg / day in 3 ndivided doses

B.    1000 mg / kg / day in 3 ndivided doses

C.    500 mg / kg / day in 3 ndivided doses

D.    10 mg / kg / day in 3 ndivided doses

E.     5 mg / kg / day in 3 ndivided doses

305.         nSpecify the therapy duration by this drug (Fig. 95) for a child with ndiarrhea:

A.    *5-7 days

B.    1-2 weeks

C.    1-2 days

D.    10-14 days

E.     Not less than 1 month

306.         nRepresented drug (Fig. 96) refers to:

A.    Enterosorbents

B.    *Drugs for oral nrehydration

C.    Probiotics

D.    Drugs for parenteral nrehydration

E.     Enzyme preparations of nthe pancreas

307.         nSpecify the duration of the first phase of rehydration by this drug n(Fig. 96):

A.    *4-6 hours

B.    6-8 hours

C.    12 hours

D.    14-18 hours

E.     20-24 hours

308.         nWhat amount of boiled water should be used to prepare the solution of nthis powder (Fig. 96)?

A.    *1000 ml

B.    100 ml

C.    200 ml

D.    400 ml

E.     250 ml

309.         nHow many of this prepared solution (Fig. 96) is used for the first phase nof oral rehydration therapy in children with dehydration of the first degree?

A.    *50 ml / kg body weight nof the child

B.    100 ml / kg body weight nof the child

C.    150 ml / kg body weight nof the child

D.    200 ml / kg body weight nof the child

E.     230 ml / kg body weight nof the child

310.         nHow many of the prepared solution (Fig. 96) is used for the first phase nof oral rehydration in children with dehydration of the third degree?

A.    50 ml / kg body weight nof the child

B.    100 ml / kg body weight nof the child

C.    150 ml / kg body weight nof the child

D.    200 ml / kg body weight nof the child

E.     *They have only nparenterally rehydration

311.         nHow many of the prepared solution (Fig. 96) is used for the first phase nof oral rehydration therapy in children with dehydration of the second degree?

A.    50 ml / kg body weight nof the child

B.    *100 ml / kg body weight nof the child

C.    150 ml / kg body weight nof the child

D.    200 ml / kg body weight nof the child

E.     230 ml / kg body weight nof the child

312.         nHow many of the prepared solution of the drug (Fig. 96) is used for the nsecond phase of oral dehydration therapy in children with dehydration?

A.    50 ml / kg body weight nof the child

B.    *100 ml / kg body weight nof the child

C.    150 ml / kg body weight nof the child

D.    200 ml / kg body weight nof the child

E.     230 ml / kg body weight nof the child

313.         nRepresented drug (Fig. 97) belongs to:

A.    *Enterosorbents

B.    Drugs for oral nrehydration

C.    Probiotics

D.    Drugs for parenteral nrehydration

E.     Enzyme preparations of nthe pancreas

314.         nSpecify the therapy duration by this drug (Fig. 97) for a child with ndiarrhea:

A.    *5-7 days

B.    1-2 weeks

C.    1-2 days

D.    10-14 days

E.     Not less than 1 month

315.         nRepresented drug (Fig. 98) belongs to:

A.    Enterosorbents

B.    Drugs for oral nrehydration

C.    *Probiotics

D.    Drugs for parenteral nrehydration

E.     Enzyme preparations of nthe pancreas

316.         nSpecify the therapy duration by this drug (Fig. 98) for a child with nfunctional diarrhea:

A.    5-7 days

B.    1-2 weeks

C.    3-4 days

D.    *Not less than 14 days

E.     Not less than 1 month

317.         nSpecify the therapy duration by this drug (Fig. 99) for a child with nfunctional diarrhea:

A.    5-7 days

B.    1-2 weeks

C.    3-4 days

D.    *Not less than 14 days

E.     Not less than 1 month

318.         nRepresented drug (Fig. 99) belongs to:

A.    Enterosorbents

B.    Drugs for oral nrehydration

C.    *Probiotics

D.    Drugs for parenteral nrehydration

E.     Enzyme preparations of nthe pancreas

319.         nThis formula (Fig. 100) is designed for feeding:

A.    *Infants with lactase ndeficiency

B.    Preterm infants

C.    Low birth weight infants n

D.    Healthy infants from the nbirth

E.     Healthy infants from 3 nmonths

320.         nThis formula (Fig. 100) is designed for feeding infants with:

A.    *diarrhea

B.    constipation

C.    intolerance to cow’s nmilk protein

D.    food allergies

E.     healthy infants